Question 1

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?​

Accepted Answer

Human beings receive 23 chromosomes from each parent, for a total of 46 chromosomes.

Question 2

An individual organism's observable characteristics,are known as their​

Accepted Answer

Phenotype refers to an individual's observable traits or characteristics, such as height, eye color, and behavior. Genome refers to the complete set of an individual's genetic material, while genotype refers to an individual's genetic makeup. Chromosomes are the structure within cells that carry genetic information.

Question 3

In which of the following cells would you not find the same DNA as any of the other trillions of cells in your body?​

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells lack a nucleus and all other organelles, including DNA. Therefore, they do not contain the same DNA as any other cells in the body.

Question 4

The generation and maintenance of good brain health is less well understood than the mechanisms responsible for disease,especially among older adults.​

Accepted Answer

The statement says that the generation and maintenance of good brain health is less understood than the mechanisms responsible for disease, especially among older adults, which implies that it is true that it is less well understood.

Question 5

Without contact with any other embryonic cells,a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.​

Accepted Answer

Mesodermal cells do not differentiate into skin without interactions with other embryonic cells. They differentiate into various tissues including muscle, bone, and blood vessels.

Question 6

Myelination of the human spinal cord and brain begins about 24 weeks following conception and is complete by the age of about 18 months.

Accepted Answer

Myelination in humans begins in the fetal stage but continues into adulthood, with significant myelination occurring into the second decade of life, not completing by 18 months.

Question 7

Which of the following is the best definition of a gene?​

Accepted Answer

A gene is a hereditary unit made up of DNA that is located in a fixed position on a chromosome. This is the most precise and accurate definition of a gene. Option A refers to phenotype, which is a result of gene expression. Option C refers to DNA, which carries genetic information, but does not encompass the entire gene. Option D refers to a codon, which is a sequence of three bases that codes for an amino acid, but does not necessarily define a gene.

Question 8

About two-thirds of the cells traveling to the developing cortex follow radial glia,and the remaining one-third move in a horizontal direction instead,without using radial glia to guide them.​

Accepted Answer

This statement is true based on current scientific understanding of cortical development.

Question 9

How many chromosomes do human beings typically have?​

Accepted Answer

Human beings typically have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes. Each parent contributes one set of 23 chromosomes to their offspring, resulting in a total of 46 chromosomes in the offspring's cells.

Question 10

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.​

Accepted Answer

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that requires a lifetime commitment to a special diet low in phenylalanine. Doctors recommend that individuals with PKU adhere to this diet to prevent cognitive impairment and other serious health consequences that can occur from elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood.

Question 11

Critical periods occur in many animals,such as the imprinting observed in geese,but has not yet been observed in humans.​

Accepted Answer

Critical periods have been observed in humans, particularly in areas such as language acquisition and sensory development, where certain experiences must occur within a specific timeframe for normal development.

Question 12

Of the following species,which has the largest number of genes in their genome?​

Accepted Answer

Plants, particularly some species like wheat and rice, have very large genomes with a high number of genes compared to other organisms listed.

Question 13

The human genome contains about ________ protein-building genes.​

Accepted Answer

The human genome contains approximately 19,000 protein-coding genes, which is only about 1.5% of the total DNA in the genome. The remaining DNA includes non-coding regions that regulate gene expression and other functions. The other answer choices are incorrect - A and C are too low and D is far too high.

Question 14

Healthy brain activity as we age appears to be quite independent of lifestyle,so there is little any of us can do to prevent declines in this area.​

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Lifestyle factors such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and mental stimulation have been shown to have a positive impact on brain health and can potentially prevent declines in cognitive function as we age.

Question 15

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?​

Accepted Answer

A phenotype is a physical or observable trait of an individual, such as black hair in Ryan. B, C, and D describe genotypes, which are the genetic makeup of an individual rather than their physical traits.

Question 16

An individual organism's set of genetic instructions is known as the their​

Accepted Answer

Genotype refers to an individual organism's set of genetic instructions, which are inherited from their parents and determine their unique traits and characteristics.

Question 17

Joan has one APOE3 and one APOE4 allele. This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.​

Accepted Answer

Joan has two different alleles for the APOE gene, which makes her heterozygous.

Question 18

Females are much more likely than males to develop conditions influenced by genes that are located on the X chromosome,because they have two X chromosomes instead of one and therefore twice as much opportunity to experience problems with genes on those chromosomes.​

Accepted Answer

Females have two X chromosomes, but one of these is typically inactivated in each cell, which means they do not have twice the opportunity to experience problems with genes on those chromosomes. Additionally, having two X chromosomes often provides a protective effect against X-linked recessive disorders, as the presence of a normal allele on one X chromosome can mask the effect of a recessive mutation on the other.

Question 19

Which of the following is the best example of a genotype?​

Accepted Answer

A genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, and in this case, Anthony having two copies of a specific allele (APOE2) is the best example of a genotype. The other choices describe physical traits or characteristics that may be influenced by genetics, but they do not directly represent an individual's genetic makeup.

Question 20

Because the heritability of height is 81 percent,and the heritability of adult body mass index (BMI)is 59 percent,we can conclude that genetics play a stronger role in the development of height than BMI

Accepted Answer

The higher heritability value of height (81 percent) indicates that genes have a stronger influence on its development compared to adult BMI, which has a heritability value of 59 percent. Therefore, option A is correct.

Quiz 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?​

An individual organism's observable characteristics,are known as their​

In which of the following cells would you not find the same DNA as any of the other trillions of cells in your body?​

The generation and maintenance of good brain health is less well understood than the mechanisms responsible for disease,especially among older adults.​

Without contact with any other embryonic cells,a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.​

Myelination of the human spinal cord and brain begins about 24 weeks following conception and is complete by the age of about 18 months.

Which of the following is the best definition of a gene?​

About two-thirds of the cells traveling to the developing cortex follow radial glia,and the remaining one-third move in a horizontal direction instead,without using radial glia to guide them.​

How many chromosomes do human beings typically have?​

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.​

Critical periods occur in many animals,such as the imprinting observed in geese,but has not yet been observed in humans.​

Of the following species,which has the largest number of genes in their genome?​

The human genome contains about ________ protein-building genes.​

Healthy brain activity as we age appears to be quite independent of lifestyle,so there is little any of us can do to prevent declines in this area.​

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?​

An individual organism's set of genetic instructions is known as the their​

Joan has one APOE3 and one APOE4 allele. This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.​

Females are much more likely than males to develop conditions influenced by genes that are located on the X chromosome,because they have two X chromosomes instead of one and therefore twice as much opportunity to experience problems with genes on those chromosomes.​

Which of the following is the best example of a genotype?​

Because the heritability of height is 81 percent,and the heritability of adult body mass index (BMI)is 59 percent,we can conclude that genetics play a stronger role in the development of height than BMI

How many chromosomes do human beings receive from each parent?

An individual organism's observable characteristics,are known as their

In which of the following cells would you not find the same DNA as any of the other trillions of cells in your body?

The generation and maintenance of good brain health is less well understood than the mechanisms responsible for disease,especially among older adults.

Without contact with any other embryonic cells,a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.

Which of the following is the best definition of a gene?

About two-thirds of the cells traveling to the developing cortex follow radial glia,and the remaining one-third move in a horizontal direction instead,without using radial glia to guide them.

How many chromosomes do human beings typically have?

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.

Critical periods occur in many animals,such as the imprinting observed in geese,but has not yet been observed in humans.

Of the following species,which has the largest number of genes in their genome?

The human genome contains about ________ protein-building genes.

Healthy brain activity as we age appears to be quite independent of lifestyle,so there is little any of us can do to prevent declines in this area.

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?

An individual organism's set of genetic instructions is known as the their

Joan has one APOE3 and one APOE4 allele. This means Joan is heterozygous for the APOE gene.

Females are much more likely than males to develop conditions influenced by genes that are located on the X chromosome,because they have two X chromosomes instead of one and therefore twice as much opportunity to experience problems with genes on those chromosomes.

Which of the following is the best example of a genotype?