Question 1

A patient who is found to have an ankle-brachial index of 0.45 is consistent with which of the following interpretations?

Accepted Answer

Ankle-brachial index values <0.5 are usually considered to be critical limb ischemia and may be accompanied by rest pain,atrophy,pulselessness,or wounds on the lower extremities.

Question 2

The amount of change a clinician needs to see in an outcome measurement to determine if true clinical change has been attained refers to which of the following terms?

Accepted Answer

Minimally clinically important difference refers to the amount of change you need to see in an outcome measurement to determine if true clinical change has been attained.

Question 3

Depression and anxiety have been linked to cardiac surgery and coronary artery disease and have predicted which of the following aspects of recovery?

Accepted Answer

Depression and anxiety have not only been linked to cardiac surgery and coronary artery disease,but have also been found to predict less compliance during phase II cardiac rehabilitation.

Question 4

Within the core component of an overall management in a cardiac rehabilitation program,which of the following indicators would BEST assess the service aspect?

Accepted Answer

Assessment of the service level of overall management in a cardiac rehabilitation program would include patient satisfaction such as satisfaction with care or satisfaction with progress toward goals.

Question 5

Which of the following exercise recommendations is associated with reduction in LDL and triglycerides,improvements in HDL,decrease in blood pressure,improvements in insulin sensitivity,reduction in weight,and improvements in hemodynamic regulation?

Accepted Answer

Moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes per day most days of the week,in the form of cardiovascular and resistance training,has been significantly associated with reduction in LDL and triglycerides,improvements in HDL,decrease in blood pressure,improvements in insulin sensitivity,reduction in weight,and improvements in hemodynamic regulation.

Question 6

Which of the following actions done during the administration of a 6-minute walk test would MOST likely affect the validity of the examination?

Accepted Answer

The examiner should not say "ready,set go!" and should use limited and neutral encouragement once a minute,and should not walk with the patient during the examination.These errors can affect the validity of the examination.

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics of an outcome measure tool should a physical therapist consider when determining which tool to utilize?

Accepted Answer

The therapist should be familiar with a tool being used to measure an outcome measure.The tool should inform clinical decision making,provide discrimination in treatment decisions that are subject to time/cost restrains,and be disease specific.

Question 8

Which of the following questionnaires would be MOST appropriate to measure symptoms in patients with a previous myocardial infarction,previous vascularization surgery,chest pain,or abnormal results during testing,and acute or chronic disease?

Accepted Answer

The purpose of the SAQ is to quantify the emotional and physical impact of angina.Then intended population is individuals with CAD who have experienced chest pain and tightness in the past 4 weeks before the survey was completed.

Question 9

Which of the following factors would be considered a nonclinical factor affecting patient outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Nonclinical factors affecting patient outcomes include health-related quality of life,cultural,ethnic,and socioeconomic attributes,beliefs,and behaviors,patient attitudes and preferences,and psychological,cognitive,and psychological functioning.

Question 10

The categorical measure for assessing the impact of a disease on the life of a patient is considered which of the following data components?

Accepted Answer

Quality of life is a measure of how biological and physiological processes affect perception of symptoms,which then influences function,general health perception,and quality of life.It is the method for assessing the impact of the disease on the life of a patient.

Question 11

The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)prefers quality measures to focus on which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

CMS continues to encourage the use of quality measures with particular focus on health outcomes for the patient,transition of the patient across settings,and resources used to treat the patient,especially in medical settings that include the treatment of patients with heart disease and diabetes.

Question 12

Which of the following instruments would be MOST appropriate to screen and measure outcomes in patients with peripheral arterial disease across a variety of settings?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)can be a debilitating illness,with direct effects on quality of life due to the impact on walking and activities of daily living.This measure can screen and measure outcomes in patients with PAD across a variety of settings.

Question 13

Which of the following benefits is MOST associated with a disease-specific health-related quality of life instrument?

Accepted Answer

The benefits of disease-specific quality of life instruments include the following:responsive to a specific population with the same disease or condition,focus on problematic areas for a given population,and address issues related to clinical manifestations of a disorder.

Question 14

Which of the following clinical symptoms would lead to the end of a modified shuttle walk test or 6-minute walk test?

Accepted Answer

The end of the test is determined by three different criteria:(1)the patient is too breathless to continue or has desaturated to a level unsafe for continued exertion,(2)the patient failed to complete a shuttle in the given time,and (3)the patient attains 85% of maximal heart rate per the formula [210 - (0.85 × age)].

Question 15

Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)measures which of the following psychometric properties?

Accepted Answer

The test-retest reliability is traditionally measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Question 16

Which of the following changes is a reflection of management decision making enhanced by outcome data?

Accepted Answer

Management decision making is enhanced when outcome data lead to the formation of new protocols,reeducation of practitioners,and redistribution of program resources to improve care delivery.

Question 17

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL)assessment will assist the physical therapist with which of the following aspects of rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

It is important for patients to choose methods of quantifying outcomes that address success or achievements in all areas of a patient's life.HRQOL can also assist the therapist in choosing the most appropriate treatment interventions,modifying those treatment interventions,and measuring the results as a reflection of quality of care.

Question 18

Which of the following psychometric properties reflects knowing if the test does in fact measure what it intends to by comparing it to a gold standard?

Accepted Answer

Validity of a test indicates that the test does in fact measure what it intends to.This can be evaluated by comparing it to a gold standard test or by evaluating it against a theoretical framework.

Question 19

Which of the following psychometric properties refers to the idea that if groups of questions are attempting to measure the same concept the consistent answers should be found among those specific questions?

Accepted Answer

Internal consistency refers to the idea that if groups of questions are attempting to measure the same concept,then consistent answers should be found among these questions.

Question 20

Which of the following factors is considered a clinical patient outcome?

Accepted Answer

Clinical factors of patient outcomes consist of severity of the principal diagnosis,acute clinical stability,comorbidity,complications,physical functional status,and survival.

Quiz 22: Outcome Measures:a Guide for the Evidence Based Practice of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy