Question 1

When an individual is trying to fall asleep, the brain reduces arousal by sending messages in a(n) _____ direction within the ascending reticular activating system.

Accepted Answer

The brain reduces arousal by sending messages in a descending direction within the ascending reticular activating system to promote sleep.

Question 2

Dale is generally a highly aroused individual, as indicated by an analysis of his EEG. According to the Eysenck's arousal hypothesis, Dale is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Eysenck's arousal hypothesis, introverts have higher levels of cortical arousal, which is consistent with Dale's high arousal levels indicated by his EEG.

Question 3

When comparing the skin conductance reaction of introverts and extraverts, the results indicate that:

Accepted Answer

Introverts generally have higher baseline arousal levels and show more arousal than extraverts at moderate levels of stimulus intensity.

Question 4

To avoid over stimulating his customers, the owners of "Cup of Java Coffee House" have decided to give their customers a personality test to match the level of caffeine in the drinks they purchase with their personality type. Based on Eysenck's work linking the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) with personality types, the owners would recommend that _____ purchase the small cup of coffee.

Accepted Answer

Introverts are believed to have a more sensitive ARAS, making them more easily stimulated by caffeine, so they would benefit from a smaller cup.

Question 5

Consistent with Eysenck's arousal hypothesis introverts:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consistent with Eysenck's arousal hypothesis introverts:
...

Question 6

The loud noise and smoke-filled air of the Voodoo Lounge nightclub would most likely:

Accepted Answer

Eric the Extravert is likely to enjoy the lively and stimulating environment of the nightclub, while Ida the Introvert would not necessarily overcome her quiet nature in such a setting.

Question 7

Jerry enters a reception for new employees that also includes many of the area managers who will be evaluating his job performance in the future. Throughout the evening, he has a sense of uneasiness and is very cautious of what he says and does around anyone he does not know. According to the reinforcement sensitivity theory, Jerry's thoughts, feels, and behavior in this novel situation are being guided by his:

Accepted Answer

The locus coeruleus is part of the brain's noradrenergic system and is involved in arousal and stress responses, which aligns with Jerry's cautious and uneasy behavior in a novel situation.

Question 8

Jamie enters a reception for new employees that also includes many of the area managers who will be evaluating her job performance in the future. She remembers from her last job how such a situation was used by these managers to create first impressions that seem to affect their subsequent ratings of the job performance of new employees. As a result of recalling these past memories, she is very cautious of what she says and does around individuals at this reception. According to the reinforcement sensitivity theory, Jamie's thoughts, feelings, and behavior in this situation are being guided by her:

Accepted Answer

The reinforcement sensitivity theory suggests that the limbic system is involved in processing emotions and memories, influencing behavior in social situations like the one Jamie is experiencing.

Question 9

Based on reinforcement sensitivity theory, when Harold saw a woman from his personality psychology class that he thinks is very attractive at a party, his _______ (BAS) was activated to the point that he overcame his timidity, thought of something to say to her, and walked over and asked her to dance.

Accepted Answer

The correct term is "Behavioral Approach System" (BAS), which is part of the reinforcement sensitivity theory and is responsible for regulating approach behavior in response to incentives or rewards.

Question 10

Based on reinforcement sensitivity theory, when Heidi saw a co-worker from her office that she thinks is spreading rumors about her at work at the mall, her _______ (BIS) was activated to the point that she immediately decided to turn in the opposite direction and walk to another part of the mall.

Accepted Answer

The Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) is responsible for sensitivity to punishment, non-reward, and novel situations, leading to avoidance behavior, such as Heidi's decision to avoid the co-worker.

Question 11

Nervous Ned is a second-year medical student and shows an extremely negative emotional response to his first viewing of an actual heart operation. In contrast to his classmate Steady Eddie, it is likely that Ned's _______ is easily activated.

Accepted Answer

The Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) is associated with sensitivity to punishment and negative emotions, which explains Ned's negative response.

Question 12

Consistent with the reinforcement sensitivity theory, _____ show more of a tendency to seek (i.e., approach) social situations that offer the social rewards and positive feelings associated with interacting with other individuals.

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement sensitivity theory suggests that extraverts are more likely to seek out social situations for the rewards and positive feelings they provide, due to their more active behavioral approach system.

Question 13

Based on what she learned in her psychology of personality course, Lisa gives all the students in her freshman English class a test to assess their behavioral activation and inhibition system functioning. Based on their scores, Lisa would be best advised to develop a motivation system for getting her students to do their assignments that emphasizes punishment for those students with _____ scores.

Accepted Answer

Students with high behavioral inhibition system scores are more sensitive to punishment, so emphasizing punishment would be more effective for motivating them.

Question 14

Based on what she learned in her psychology of personality course, Lisa gives all the students in her freshman English class a test to assess their behavioral activation and inhibition system functioning. Based on their scores, Lisa would be best advised to develop a motivation system for getting her students to do their assignments that emphasizes rewards for those students with _____ scores.

Accepted Answer

Students with high behavioral approach system (BAS) scores are more responsive to rewards, so emphasizing rewards would be an effective motivation strategy for them.

Question 15

To determine if their baby will be healthy, Tony and Tina submitted a summary of information regarding any physical diseases, birth defects, and mental diseases within their respective families. Based on a professional examination of this material, Tony and Tina have decided to start planning a family. Their decision was based on:

Accepted Answer

Genetic counseling involves evaluating family history and medical records to assess the risk of genetic disorders, which aligns with Tony and Tina's actions.

Question 16

To assess the possibility of genetic defects in a fetus, the process of _____ involves extracting amniomatic fluid during the 14^th or 15^th month of pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

Amniocentesis is a procedure used to extract amniotic fluid for testing, typically performed during the 14th or 15th week of pregnancy, not month.

Question 17

Sue's doctor requested that she be allowed to analyze a very small piece of tissue from Sue's amniotic sac to look for the presence of any genetic defects in Sue's fetus. Sue's doctor is conducting:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sue's doctor requested that she be allowed...

Question 18

After discovering that their unborn child has a specific genetic disorder, a couple authorizes the use a form of ______ in which a treatment that involves altering the genetic structure of the fetus' immune system so that system's ability to slow down the progression of the disease will occur until the baby is born, at which time a more aggressive treatment will be possible.

Accepted Answer

Gene therapy involves altering the genetic structure to treat or prevent disease, which aligns with the scenario described.

Question 19

Dale has been extremely depressed lately and has been talking about the possibility of committing suicide. After being examined by the team of mental health professional at a counseling center, it was recommended that a treatment of ______ be started as soon as possible, along with some individual and group counseling sessions.

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established treatment for severe depression, especially when other treatments have not been effective or when rapid response is needed.

Question 20

Steve is depressed and is receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Although we do not know for sure, ECT seems to work because it will:

Accepted Answer

ECT is believed to work by causing changes in brain chemistry, including the release of neurotransmitters and hormones, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression.

Quiz 8: The Biological Viewpoint: Behavioral Genetics and Psychophysiological Perspectives on Personality

When an individual is trying to fall asleep, the brain reduces arousal by sending messages in a(n) _____ direction within the ascending reticular activating system.

Dale is generally a highly aroused individual, as indicated by an analysis of his EEG. According to the Eysenck's arousal hypothesis, Dale is most likely a(n)

When comparing the skin conductance reaction of introverts and extraverts, the results indicate that:

Consistent with Eysenck's arousal hypothesis introverts:

The loud noise and smoke-filled air of the Voodoo Lounge nightclub would most likely:

Based on reinforcement sensitivity theory, when Heidi saw a co-worker from her office that she thinks is spreading rumors about her at work at the mall, her _______ (BIS) was activated to the point that she immediately decided to turn in the opposite direction and walk to another part of the mall.

Nervous Ned is a second-year medical student and shows an extremely negative emotional response to his first viewing of an actual heart operation. In contrast to his classmate Steady Eddie, it is likely that Ned's _______ is easily activated.

Consistent with the reinforcement sensitivity theory, _____ show more of a tendency to seek (i.e., approach) social situations that offer the social rewards and positive feelings associated with interacting with other individuals.

To assess the possibility of genetic defects in a fetus, the process of _____ involves extracting amniomatic fluid during the 14^th or 15^th month of pregnancy.

Sue's doctor requested that she be allowed to analyze a very small piece of tissue from Sue's amniotic sac to look for the presence of any genetic defects in Sue's fetus. Sue's doctor is conducting:

Steve is depressed and is receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) . Although we do not know for sure, ECT seems to work because it will:

Quiz 8: The Biological Viewpoint: Behavioral Genetics and Psychophysiological Perspectives on Personality

When an individual is trying to fall asleep, the brain reduces arousal by sending messages in a(n) _____ direction within the ascending reticular activating system.

Dale is generally a highly aroused individual, as indicated by an analysis of his EEG. According to the Eysenck's arousal hypothesis, Dale is most likely a(n)

When comparing the skin conductance reaction of introverts and extraverts, the results indicate that:

Consistent with Eysenck's arousal hypothesis introverts:

The loud noise and smoke-filled air of the Voodoo Lounge nightclub would most likely:

Based on reinforcement sensitivity theory, when Heidi saw a co-worker from her office that she thinks is spreading rumors about her at work at the mall, her _______ (BIS) was activated to the point that she immediately decided to turn in the opposite direction and walk to another part of the mall.

Nervous Ned is a second-year medical student and shows an extremely negative emotional response to his first viewing of an actual heart operation. In contrast to his classmate Steady Eddie, it is likely that Ned's _______ is easily activated.

Consistent with the reinforcement sensitivity theory, _____ show more of a tendency to seek (i.e., approach) social situations that offer the social rewards and positive feelings associated with interacting with other individuals.

To assess the possibility of genetic defects in a fetus, the process of _____ involves extracting amniomatic fluid during the 14th or 15th month of pregnancy.

Sue's doctor requested that she be allowed to analyze a very small piece of tissue from Sue's amniotic sac to look for the presence of any genetic defects in Sue's fetus. Sue's doctor is conducting:

Steve is depressed and is receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) . Although we do not know for sure, ECT seems to work because it will:

To assess the possibility of genetic defects in a fetus, the process of _____ involves extracting amniomatic fluid during the 14^th or 15^th month of pregnancy.