Question 1

Which of the following is the best definition of public health?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the best...

Question 2

What is the best way to prevent the spread of infection?

Accepted Answer

Washing hands is the most effective and widely recommended method to prevent the spread of infections, as it removes germs and prevents transmission.

Question 3

which of the following studies apply to this: Subjects were children enrolled in a health maintenance organization. At 2 months, each child was randomly given one of two types of a new vaccine against rotavirus infection. Parents were called by a nurse two weeks later and asked whether the children had experienced any of a list of side-effects?

Accepted Answer

This study is experimental because the children were randomly assigned to receive one of two types of vaccines, which is a characteristic of experimental studies.

Question 4

Health Promotion Action means EXCEPT?

Accepted Answer

Health promotion focuses on empowering individuals and communities, creating supportive environments, and building healthy policies, rather than developing specialized medical services.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a non-communicable condition with multiple social determinants and causes?

Accepted Answer

All the options listed are examples of non-communicable conditions that have multiple social determinants and causes.

Question 6

Which of the following can be an observational study?

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study is an observational study where data is collected at a single point in time to assess the prevalence of an outcome or characteristic in a population.

Question 7

The following criteria are necessary to establish a causal relationship between two variables Except?

Accepted Answer

A causal relationship does not require that one exposure is always enough to develop the disease; causation can involve multiple exposures or other contributing factors.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of the determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

Determinants of health are complex and interconnected factors that influence health outcomes, including biological, social, economic, and environmental factors. They do not operate in isolation but interact to affect health and disease development.

Question 9

Primary health care is?

Accepted Answer

(Gps =General practitioners) Primary health care is the first point of contact for individuals with the healthcare system, focusing on overall health needs rather than specific conditions.

Question 10

If a disease is endemic that means it is at the normal, expected level within the population.

Accepted Answer

An endemic disease is consistently present at a baseline level in a specific geographic area or population.

Question 11

In a case control study, the Odds Ratio (OR) is the Ratio of the odds of exposure among the cases to the odds in favor of exposure among the controls.

Accepted Answer

The Odds Ratio (OR) in a case-control study is calculated as the odds of exposure among cases divided by the odds of exposure among controls.

Question 12

Availability means that the cost should be within the means and resources of the individual and the country.

Accepted Answer

Availability refers to the presence and accessibility of resources or services, not their cost. Cost considerations relate to affordability, not availability.

Question 13

40. Epidemiological measures of effect assess the_______ between an exposure and an outcome.?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiological measures of effect, such as risk ratios or odds ratios, assess the strength of the association between an exposure and an outcome.

Question 14

Which of the following models of health is the primary health care approach based on?

Accepted Answer

The primary health care approach is based on the social model of health, which emphasizes the social determinants of health and community-based care.

Question 15

Sustainability refers to the ability of a program to?

Accepted Answer

Sustainability is about meeting current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 16

The key elements the World Health Organization sees as necessary to achieve better health for all include?

Accepted Answer

Increasing stakeholder participation is essential for achieving better health outcomes as it ensures that diverse perspectives and needs are considered in health policy and service delivery.

Question 17

What role were health professionals seen as fulfilling in health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Health professionals are seen as enabling and nurturing health promotion by supporting and empowering individuals and communities to improve their health.

Question 18

What factors besides lan degradation affect the ability to create supportive environments?

Accepted Answer

Rapid population growth and climate events can strain resources and infrastructure, impacting the ability to create supportive environments.

Question 19

Health promotion advocates did NOT view health as?

Accepted Answer

Health promotion advocates view health as a resource for life, a positive concept, and including personal resources, but not as the sole reason for living.

Question 20

How does health promotion affect general policy formulation?

Accepted Answer

Health promotion requires a comprehensive approach where all policy makers consider the health implications of their policies, ensuring that health is integrated into all areas of policy formulation.

Quiz 1: Public Health