Question 1

Darwin made many of the observations that led him to formulate the theory of evolution while traveling aboard the H.M.S.
A) Beagle.
B) Barracuda.
C) Galapagos.
D) Ferrigut.

Accepted Answer

Darwin traveled on the H.M.S. Beagle, where he made critical observations that contributed to his theory of evolution.

Question 2

According to Darwin, evolutionary modification is largely determined by
A) chance.
B) geographical distribution.
C) the will of the Creator.
D) natural selection.

Accepted Answer

Darwin's theory of evolution posits that natural selection is the primary mechanism by which evolutionary modification occurs, as advantageous traits become more common in a population over generations.

Question 3

Diamond says that the topic he discusses in the book was suggested to him during the course of his conversation with a New Guinean named
A) Yama.
B) Ngambe.
C) Yali.
D) Baraka.

Accepted Answer

The topic was suggested to Diamond by a New Guinean named Yali, as mentioned in his book "Guns, Germs, and Steel."

Question 4

According to Diamond, the differences in the historical development of diverse cultures is largely a result of
A) environmental factors.
B) genetic differences.
C) teleological causation.
D) intellectual capability.

Accepted Answer

Diamond argues that environmental factors, such as geography and availability of resources, played a crucial role in shaping the development of different cultures, rather than genetic differences or intellectual capability.

Question 5

In Plato's "Myth of the Cave," the sun outside the cave symbolizes
A) God.
B) the Form of the Good.
C) the shadows of objects.
D) the immortality of the soul.

Accepted Answer

The sun outside the cave symbolizes the Form of the Good, which is the ultimate source of knowledge and reality.

Question 6

The modern metaphor used in the book to explain the "Myth of the Cave" was
A) a movie theater.
B) a sailing ship.
C) a subterranean spring.
D) an underground city.

Accepted Answer

The modern metaphor used in the book to explain the "Myth of the Cave" is a movie theater, as it parallels the idea of people watching shadows on a wall, similar to how moviegoers watch images on a screen.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is not true of the Tao?
A) It is the ultimate source of all life.
B) It is referred to as a formless form.
C) It was created by God.
D) It is like a bottomless bowl.

Accepted Answer

The Tao is considered to be the ultimate source and principle underlying the universe in Taoism, and it is not created by God. It is often described as formless, infinite, and beyond human comprehension.

Question 8

The Taoist term that is often translated as "actionless activity" is
A) te.
B) we wei.
C) yang.
D) lao-tzu.

Accepted Answer

The Taoist term "wu wei" is often translated as "actionless activity" or "effortless action," referring to the concept of aligning with the natural flow of life.

Question 9

Wang Chung claims that everything in the universe is produced by
A) the design of Heaven.
B) a combination of seeds or atoms.
C) intentional activity.
D) the spontaneous mixture of fluids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wang Chung claims that everything in the...

Question 10

In order to illustrate his metaphysical theory, Wang Chung uses the example of
A) the way husband and wife unite to produce a child.
B) the way birds migrate during the change of seasons.
C) the way a cherry tree blossoms in spring.
D) the way a river flows to the sea.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because Wang Chung uses the example of the way husband and wife unite to produce a child to illustrate his metaphysical theory of the unity of opposites.

Question 11

According to Lucretius, everything in the universe is composed of
A) spiritual atoms.
B) the fluids of heaven and earth.
C) beams of light.
D) tiny indivisible seeds.

Accepted Answer

Lucretius, a Roman poet and philosopher, followed the Epicurean philosophy which posited that everything in the universe is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms or "seeds."

Question 12

Lucretius claims that the gods
A) created the universe.
B) determine our ultimate destiny.
C) do not exist.
D) should be feared.

Accepted Answer

Lucretius was an ancient Roman philosopher who argued that the gods do not exist.

Question 13

Leibniz claims that the basic building blocks of the universe are
A) materialistic seeds.
B) Monads.
C) Theodes.
D) Plenums.

Accepted Answer

Leibniz proposed that the universe is made up of simple substances called monads, which are indivisible, immaterial, and reflect the entire universe in a pre-established harmony.

Question 14

Which of the following claims about Monads is not true?
A) They were created by God.
B) They have perceptions.
C) They do not interact with one another.
D) They are not simple substances.

Accepted Answer

Monads are considered simple substances in Leibniz's philosophy, meaning they are indivisible and have no parts.

Question 15

Bergson claims that modern science provides us with
A) absolute knowledge.
B) relative knowledge.
C) metaphysical knowledge.
D) mere opinion.

Accepted Answer

Bergson argues that modern science offers relative knowledge, as it is based on empirical observations and theories that are subject to change with new discoveries and insights.

Question 16

In order to express his intuitive grasp of his own existence, Bergson uses the metaphor of
A) a constantly changing kaleidoscope.
B) a river flowing to the ocean.
C) an infinitely small piece of elastic.
D) a tiny flame in the heart.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to express his intuitive grasp...

Question 17

The example that Nishida uses to illustrate the nature of pure experience is that of
A) a listener enraptured by music.
B) a scientist working in his or her laboratory.
C) a child playing with a doll.
D) an artist creating a painting.

Accepted Answer

Nishida uses the example of a listener enraptured by music to illustrate the nature of pure experience, where the distinction between subject and object disappears, and one is fully immersed in the experience.

Question 18

According to Nishida, which of the following statements does not describe pure experience?
A) In pure experience, thinking, feeling, and willing are still undivided. 
B) In pure experience, there is a single activity.
C) In pure experience, subject is distinguished from object.
D) Pure experience gives us a fuller grasp of reality than does science.

Accepted Answer

In pure experience, subject and object are not distinguished; they are unified, which is contrary to statement C.

Question 19

The philosopher that Frye quotes in her essay in the text is
A) Plato. 
B) Nietzsche.
C) Ryle.
D) Austin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The philosopher that Frye quotes in her...

Question 20

The philosopher that Frye quotes in her essay in the text is
A) Plato.
B) Nietzsche.
C) Ryle.
D) Austin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The philosopher that Frye quotes in her...

Quiz 2: Creation and Reality

Darwin made many of the observations that led him to formulate the theory of evolution while traveling aboard the H.M.S.

According to Darwin, evolutionary modification is largely determined by

Diamond says that the topic he discusses in the book was suggested to him during the course of his conversation with a New Guinean named

According to Diamond, the differences in the historical development of diverse cultures is largely a result of

In Plato's "Myth of the Cave," the sun outside the cave symbolizes

The modern metaphor used in the book to explain the "Myth of the Cave" was

Which of the following statements is not true of the Tao?

The Taoist term that is often translated as "actionless activity" is

Wang Chung claims that everything in the universe is produced by

In order to illustrate his metaphysical theory, Wang Chung uses the example of

According to Lucretius, everything in the universe is composed of

Lucretius claims that the gods

Leibniz claims that the basic building blocks of the universe are

Which of the following claims about Monads is not true?

Bergson claims that modern science provides us with

In order to express his intuitive grasp of his own existence, Bergson uses the metaphor of

The example that Nishida uses to illustrate the nature of pure experience is that of

According to Nishida, which of the following statements does not describe pure experience?

The philosopher that Frye quotes in her essay in the text is

The philosopher that Frye quotes in her essay in the text is