Question 1

The experiences of the third world or developing nations show that modernization is:
A) an inevitable process that occurs in all societies
B) essentially the same thing as secularization
C) likely to occur at different rates in different nations
D) usually limited to economic institutions

Accepted Answer

Modernization occurs at different rates in different nations due to varying historical, cultural, economic, and political contexts.

Question 2

The gap between the life expectancy between males and females is narrowest in
A) the United States.
B) Bolivia.
C) Cuba.
D) India.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gap between the life expectancy between...

Question 3

The percentage of a nation's population that is urbanized is a crude measure of:
A) the amount of rural-urban transition that has occurred
B) the extent of economic growth
C) development
D) the amount of technology that exists

Accepted Answer

The answer of The percentage of a nation's population that...

Question 4

Weber viewed which of the following as a central principle of modernity?
A) rationality
B) social equality
C) technological innovation
D) war and conquest

Accepted Answer

Weber viewed rationality as a central principle of modernity, emphasizing the role of rationalization in shaping modern societies.

Question 5

The concept of secularism includes all of the following EXCEPT the:
A) abolishment of state religions
B) erosion of modern corporations and bureaucracies
C) protection of free speech
D) separation of church and state

Accepted Answer

Secularism involves the separation of religion from state affairs and the protection of individual freedoms, such as free speech, but it does not specifically address the erosion of modern corporations and bureaucracies.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a result of rationality in modern life?
A) erosion of religious and ethical values
B) development of bureaucracy
C) racial supremacy movements
D) secularism

Accepted Answer

Racial supremacy movements are not a result of rationality; they are based on irrational beliefs and prejudices. Rationality in modern life typically leads to secularism, bureaucracy, and sometimes the erosion of traditional values.

Question 7

The Islamic fundamentalist movement illustrates the fact that:
A) all nations undergoing modernization must eventually follow the same pattern as Western nations
B) it is possible for a nation to undergo modernization and retain many of its cultural traditions
C) modernism is incompatible with traditional religious beliefs
D) modernization cannot be forced on a developing society

Accepted Answer

The Islamic fundamentalist movement shows that a nation can modernize while still maintaining its cultural and religious traditions, rather than following a Western pattern.

Question 8

The critique of modern societies and cultures which has arisen in recent decades is termed:
A) amodernism
B) antimodernism
C) nonmodernism
D) post modernism

Accepted Answer

The answer of The critique of modern societies and cultures...

Question 9

Post modernist critics believe that the major institutions of modern societies:
A) add an element of spirituality and diversity to human life
B) have become instruments of social control by powerful elites
C) have little or no influence on the nature of human social life
D) represent a long sought ideal of human social development

Accepted Answer

Postmodernist critics argue that major institutions in modern societies serve as tools for maintaining power and control by dominant groups, rather than promoting diversity or spiritual growth.

Question 10

Andre Gunder Frank argues that the development of one-crop economies in many parts of Central and Latin America:
A) accelerates the process of modernization
B) is an inevitable result of modernization
C) is the first stage of industrialization
D) transforms the peasantry into a class of landless laborers

Accepted Answer

Andre Gunder Frank's dependency theory suggests that one-crop economies in Central and Latin America lead to underdevelopment and exploitation, transforming peasants into landless laborers due to economic dependency on more developed countries.

Question 11

In world system theory, a technologically advanced nation that has a dominant position in the world economy is:
A) a core state
B) an independent state
C) a peripheral area
D) a semiperipheral area

Accepted Answer

A core state is a technologically advanced nation with a dominant position in the world economy according to world system theory.

Question 12

According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, a state or region in which industry and financial institutions are developed to some extent but remain dependent on capital and technology provided by other states is a:
A) core state
B) dependent state
C) peripheral area
D) semiperipheral area

Accepted Answer

In Wallerstein's world system theory, a semiperipheral area is characterized by having some developed industry and financial institutions but still relies on core states for capital and technology, distinguishing it from core and peripheral areas.

Question 13

Although Middle Eastern countries produce large quantities of oil for the world market, both are dependent on developed nations for capital and technology. According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, they are:
A) developing nations
B) core nations
C) peripheral areas
D) semiperipheral areas

Accepted Answer

According to Wallerstein's world system theory, semiperipheral areas are those that are not as advanced as core nations but are more developed than peripheral areas. They often have some level of industrialization and can exploit peripheral areas while being exploited by core nations. Middle Eastern countries, with their oil wealth but dependency on developed nations for capital and technology, fit this description.

Question 14

A region that supplies basic resources and labor power to more advanced states is a:
A) developed nation
B) core nation
C) peripheral area
D) semiperipheral area

Accepted Answer

A peripheral area is characterized by its role in providing resources and labor to more developed core nations, often lacking the economic and political power of core nations.

Question 15

El Salvador and Nicaragua supply the United States with basic natural resources and labor but have not developed any industrial base of their own. In Imanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, they would be classified as:
A) developing nations
B) core nations
C) semiperipheral areas
D) peripheral areas

Accepted Answer

In Wallerstein's world system theory, peripheral areas are those that provide raw materials and labor to core nations but lack a developed industrial base themselves.

Question 16

The average number of children a woman would bear during the child bearing years is the:
A) graduated fertility rate
B) total birth rate
C) total fertility rate
D) infant birth rate

Accepted Answer

The total fertility rate (TFR) is the average number of children a woman would have during her childbearing years, assuming she experiences the current age-specific fertility rates throughout her lifetime.

Question 17

An important measure of a nation's health is the:
A) adult mortality rate
B) overall mortality rate
C) life span
D) infant mortality rate

Accepted Answer

The infant mortality rate is a critical indicator of a nation's health because it reflects the overall health conditions, including maternal health, quality of and access to medical care, socioeconomic conditions, and public health practices.

Question 18

The term life expectancy refers to:
A) how long any person will live
B) an individual's total life span
C) the number of years a newborn can expect to live
D) none of these

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy is a statistical measure indicating the average number of years a newborn is expected to live, based on current mortality rates.

Question 19

A major drawback of Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory is that it:
A) focuses too much on capitalist domination of the world economy
B) ignores the extent of economic specialization in the international economy
C) ignores the fact that core nations have areas of production that resemble semiperipheral and peripheral areas
D) relies too heavily on political repression to explain relationships between core and peripheral areas

Accepted Answer

Wallerstein's theory tends to overlook that core nations can have sectors that function similarly to semiperipheral and peripheral areas, thus oversimplifying the economic dynamics within core nations.

Question 20

When Ralf Dahrendorf argues that we need "flexible institutions," he means that we should:
A) adjust to modernization with minimal disruption of existing institutions
B) engage in more centralized planning
C) make every effort to reverse the modernization process
D) rely on the government to solve the problems that arise as a result of modernization

Accepted Answer

Dahrendorf's concept of "flexible institutions" suggests adapting to modernization in a way that minimizes disruption, allowing institutions to evolve and respond effectively to changes.

Quiz 22: Global Social Change

The experiences of the third world or developing nations show that modernization is:

The gap between the life expectancy between males and females is narrowest in

The percentage of a nation's population that is urbanized is a crude measure of:

Weber viewed which of the following as a central principle of modernity?

The concept of secularism includes all of the following EXCEPT the:

Which of the following is NOT a result of rationality in modern life?

The Islamic fundamentalist movement illustrates the fact that:

The critique of modern societies and cultures which has arisen in recent decades is termed:

Post modernist critics believe that the major institutions of modern societies:

Andre Gunder Frank argues that the development of one-crop economies in many parts of Central and Latin America:

In world system theory, a technologically advanced nation that has a dominant position in the world economy is:

According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, a state or region in which industry and financial institutions are developed to some extent but remain dependent on capital and technology provided by other states is a:

Although Middle Eastern countries produce large quantities of oil for the world market, both are dependent on developed nations for capital and technology. According to Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, they are:

A region that supplies basic resources and labor power to more advanced states is a:

El Salvador and Nicaragua supply the United States with basic natural resources and labor but have not developed any industrial base of their own. In Imanuel Wallerstein's world system theory, they would be classified as:

The average number of children a woman would bear during the child bearing years is the:

An important measure of a nation's health is the:

The term life expectancy refers to:

A major drawback of Immanuel Wallerstein's world system theory is that it:

When Ralf Dahrendorf argues that we need "flexible institutions," he means that we should: