Question 1

According to Ralf Dahrendorf, a frequent effect of modernization on the lives of individuals is:
A) a feeling of anomie
B) a higher level of living
C) an unwillingness to face new experiences
D) decreased political participation

Accepted Answer

Modernization often leads to rapid social changes, which can result in a feeling of anomie, or normlessness, as traditional norms and values are disrupted.

Question 2

All of the following areas of social change have a measurable effect on the everyday life of individuals EXCEPT:
A) changing gender roles
B) public policy
C) race relations
D) space exploration

Accepted Answer

Space exploration generally does not have a direct, measurable effect on the everyday life of individuals compared to the other options listed.

Question 3

Since the end of the nineteenth century, the number of married women in the labor force has:
A) decreased dramatically
B) increased dramatically
C) increased slightly
D) remained the same

Accepted Answer

Since the end of the nineteenth century, societal changes, including women's rights movements and economic factors, have led to a dramatic increase in the number of married women participating in the labor force.

Question 4

The percentage of women working outside the home for pay, who are married and have children, is equal to about:
A) 5%
B) 15%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Accepted Answer

The percentage of married women with children working outside the home has increased significantly over the decades, and recent statistics show it is around 70%.

Question 5

One suggested consequence of modernization is movement toward a "symmetrical society." This means:
A) a higher average level of education
B) greater economic equality among all groups in society
C) greater equality between men and women
D) greater political equality

Accepted Answer

A "symmetrical society" in the context of modernization often refers to increased equality between men and women, reflecting more balanced roles and opportunities in various aspects of life.

Question 6

One of the results of the entry of married women into the paid labor force has been:
A) controversy over welfare job requirements for poor mothers of young children
B) equal sharing of family chores by men and women
C) equitable pay scales for men and women
D) increased leisure time for married women who work outside the home for pay

Accepted Answer

The entry of married women into the paid labor force has led to discussions and controversies regarding welfare job requirements, especially concerning poor mothers with young children, as it raises questions about balancing work and family responsibilities.

Question 7

A major reason for the declining number of blacks and Hispanics in well-paid manufacturing and blue-collar jobs is:
A) discriminatory practices on the part of employers
B) the fact that such jobs are becoming less numerous
C) the high unemployment associated with an economy geared toward high technology
D) the refusal of labor unions to accept minority members

Accepted Answer

The decline in well-paid manufacturing and blue-collar jobs is largely due to the overall reduction in the number of these jobs, as industries have shifted towards automation and high technology, reducing the demand for traditional manufacturing roles.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about race and inequality in the United States is NOT true?
A) Minority group members have in recent decades gained greater access to education.
B) Racial discrimination still exists especially in the widespread mistreatment of black males.
C) Sports and entertainment are two arenas in which minority group members have made significant gains.
D) The problems of racial discrimination have been virtually eliminated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about race...

Question 9

Laws and administrative regulations that are formulated by government to control, regulate or guide behavior are called:
A) civic culture
B) judicial verdicts
C) public policy
D) totalitarianism

Accepted Answer

Public policy refers to laws and regulations created by the government to manage and guide societal behavior.

Question 10

The scenes captured by the nineteenth-century impressionists were indicative of:
A) social change.
B) social statics.
C) free love.
D) tragedy.

Accepted Answer

The nineteenth-century impressionists often depicted scenes of modern life, capturing the effects of social change and the transformation of society during that period.

Question 11

One result of a divided social opinion regarding the environment is:
A) a political system that encourages the emergence of minority parties
B) continued conflict over what, if anything, to do about the environment
C) greater control of the political process by the government
D) increased levels of educational attainment on the part of citizens

Accepted Answer

A divided social opinion on the environment often leads to ongoing debates and disagreements about environmental policies and actions, resulting in continued conflict over how to address environmental issues.

Question 12

Research shows that population growth in excess of food-producing capacity is occurring:
A) in the United States.
B) in France.
C) in many parts of Africa.
D) in China.

Accepted Answer

Many parts of Africa are experiencing population growth that exceeds their food-producing capacity, leading to food insecurity and reliance on food imports.

Question 13

Research is showing deserts expanding in:
A) North America.
B) Africa.
C) Europe.
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Deserts are expanding in multiple regions around the world, including North America, Africa, and Europe, due to factors like climate change and land degradation.

Question 14

An example of the results of a divided public opinion on the environment is seen in the:
A) classification of nations as core, semiperiphery or peripheral
B) changes in the ability of political institutions to deal with environmental changes
C) division of the populace into political parties
D) political subdivision of the nation into states or provinces

Accepted Answer

Divided public opinion on the environment can lead to changes in how political institutions address environmental issues, as differing views can influence policy-making and the effectiveness of environmental governance.

Question 15

A major problem with theories of social change is that they cannot:
A) be tested using data from actual experience
B) be used for making policy decisions
C) explain change that occurred in the past
D) explain the role of technological innovation in social change

Accepted Answer

Theories of social change often struggle to be tested using empirical data because social change is complex and influenced by numerous variables, making it difficult to isolate and test specific theories.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an element of the evolutionary model of change?
A) Social change has a direction.
B) Social change is continuous.
C) Social change is natural and necessary.
D) Social change results from inter-group conflict.

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary model of change focuses on gradual, continuous development and adaptation, not on conflict-driven change.

Question 17

Nineteenth-century models of social change tended to be:
A) cyclical
B) evolutionary
C) homeostatic
D) multilinear

Accepted Answer

Nineteenth-century models of social change were largely evolutionary, reflecting the influence of Darwinian ideas on social theory, suggesting a linear progression from simple to complex forms.

Question 18

The belief that social change is an inevitable consequence of human living and that the world's societies would eventually resemble those of Western Europe is characteristic of which of the following models of social change?
A) conflict
B) cyclical
C) ecological
D) evolutionary

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary model of social change suggests that societies progress through stages and that social change is inevitable, often leading to a state resembling Western societies.

Question 19

The belief that social change is natural, constant, and necessary is associated with which of the following approaches to social change?
A) conflict models
B) cyclical theories
C) evolutionary models
D) functionalist theories

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary models view social change as a natural, constant, and necessary process, similar to biological evolution.

Question 20

A major criticism of unilinear theories of social change is that they:
A) are based on incomplete data
B) are ethnocentric
C) disregard the multiple factors involved in any social change
D) have a short view of history

Accepted Answer

Unilinear theories of social change are criticized for being ethnocentric because they often assume that all societies progress through the same stages in a linear fashion, typically modeled after Western societies, ignoring cultural diversity and different paths of development.

Quiz 22: Global Social Change

According to Ralf Dahrendorf, a frequent effect of modernization on the lives of individuals is:

All of the following areas of social change have a measurable effect on the everyday life of individuals EXCEPT:

Since the end of the nineteenth century, the number of married women in the labor force has:

The percentage of women working outside the home for pay, who are married and have children, is equal to about:

One suggested consequence of modernization is movement toward a "symmetrical society." This means:

One of the results of the entry of married women into the paid labor force has been:

A major reason for the declining number of blacks and Hispanics in well-paid manufacturing and blue-collar jobs is:

Which of the following statements about race and inequality in the United States is NOT true?

Laws and administrative regulations that are formulated by government to control, regulate or guide behavior are called:

The scenes captured by the nineteenth-century impressionists were indicative of:

One result of a divided social opinion regarding the environment is:

Research shows that population growth in excess of food-producing capacity is occurring:

Research is showing deserts expanding in:

An example of the results of a divided public opinion on the environment is seen in the:

A major problem with theories of social change is that they cannot:

Which of the following is NOT an element of the evolutionary model of change?

Nineteenth-century models of social change tended to be:

The belief that social change is an inevitable consequence of human living and that the world's societies would eventually resemble those of Western Europe is characteristic of which of the following models of social change?

The belief that social change is natural, constant, and necessary is associated with which of the following approaches to social change?

A major criticism of unilinear theories of social change is that they: