Question 1

The definition of a group provided in your text includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The definition of a group provided in your text does not specify that members have to be physically in the same place at the same time.

Question 2

In Chapter 9, the authors describe decisions made as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom.This example illustrates that

Accepted Answer

The example of decisions made during Operation Iraqi Freedom suggests that group decision making is not necessarily superior to individual decision making. The authors describe how a groupthink mentality developed among high-level decision makers, leading to flawed decisions being made. This illustrates the potential drawbacks of group decision making, particularly when there is a lack of diversity and dissenting voices within the group.

Question 3

When former President Bush issued the final approval to invade Iraq, he asked whether anyone had any last thoughts or recommendations.When no one commented, the order was given.The authors give this as an example of how

Accepted Answer

This example shows that even when a group is cohesive and wants to please their leader, they may not make the best decision if they do not openly express their thoughts and recommendations. The lack of dissenting opinions in this scenario may have led to a flawed decision.

Question 4

Although social groups vary tremendously (e.g., families, sororities, sports teams, religious congregations), they are all alike in that

Accepted Answer

Social groups are characterized by the presence of norms which guide the behavior of their members. While members may share the same space at the same time, this is not always the case. Social groups can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, and while they may convey competitive advantages in some contexts, this is not a defining characteristic of social groups.

Question 5

The idea that people have an innate need to belong to groups is consistent with the finding that people in all cultures

Accepted Answer

The statement "people have an innate need to belong to groups" suggests that individuals have a motivation to form relationships with others. Therefore, choice C, "are motivated to form relationships with others," is the best answer. Choices A, B, and D do not necessarily follow from the idea that people have a need to belong to groups.

Question 6

When social psychologists define a social group as a collection of interdependent people, they mean that

Accepted Answer

The answer of When social psychologists define a social group...

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a benefit associated with groups, according to the authors of your text?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 8

According to social-psychological reasoning, a large "student body" is NOT a social group because

Accepted Answer

According to social-psychological reasoning, for a group to be considered a social group, there needs to be a certain level of interdependence and interaction between its members. With a large "student body," it is not feasible for each student to interact with all other students, which means there may not be enough interaction or interdependence to qualify as a social group. While students may share some common goals or norms, there is likely to be significant variation in age, beliefs, backgrounds, and opinions, which further undermines the group's cohesiveness as a social group.

Question 9

Which of the following collections of people best represents the social-psychological concept of a group?

Accepted Answer

A deliberating jury is a collection of individuals who are interdependent and have a common goal, making them a group in the social-psychological sense. The other choices are merely collections of individuals who may not have any interdependence or common goals.

Question 10

"Don't talk during the movie" and "Cross the street at the corner or crosswalk" are examples of

Accepted Answer

Both statements are rules of behavior in society, and they reflect social norms - the unwritten rules that guide behavior in social interactions. As such, they are examples of prescriptive behaviors that are shaped by cultural values, beliefs, and expectations. Social roles and group processes are broader concepts that refer to the ways in which individuals interact with others in formal or informal settings, but they are not the best fit for these particular examples.

Question 11

Researchers such as Baumeister and Leary (1995) argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all societies because

Accepted Answer

Baumeister and Leary argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all societies because group membership has conferred evolutionary advantages to humans. This means that throughout history, individuals who belonged to groups had a greater chance of survival and reproduction than those who did not belong to groups. Therefore, the need to belong to groups is likely a biologically rooted aspect of human nature.

Question 12

In social groups, interdependence is reflected in

Accepted Answer

Interdependence in social groups is primarily about the mutual influence members have on each other, which is captured in option C.

Question 13

Rachida refuses to follow important social norms of her group.She will be

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rachida refuses to follow important social norms...

Question 14

According to the definition provided in your text, which of the following qualifies as a group?

Accepted Answer

A group is defined by its members having a shared goal or purpose and interacting with each other to achieve it. An author, an illustrator, and an editor working together on a book, even over the Internet, meet these criteria as they are collaborating towards the common goal of creating a book.

Question 15

In Dan's family, it's customary to wear a nice pair of jeans and a shirt to a wedding, but in Blake's family, it's typical to wear a suit and tie, if not a tuxedo, to weddings.This example demonstrates that norms

Accepted Answer

This example highlights how norms can vary depending on the group or culture. What is considered appropriate attire for a wedding can differ between families or social groups, indicating that norms are context-dependent and not universal.

Question 16

Whereas ________ specify how all group members should behave, ________ specify how individuals in particular positions should behave.

Accepted Answer

Norms are general expectations that guide the behavior of group members, while roles are more specific duties and behaviors expected of individuals in certain positions within the group.

Question 17

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Accepted Answer

Being a member of a specialized and selective honors society within the field of psychology would provide a strong sense of belonging to a group that shares common interests and values. Additionally, being part of an exclusive group like this would also give a sense of distinctiveness from others who are not part of the society.

Question 18

"We will not talk about other members behind their backs, and we will never divulge one another's secrets to anyone, inside or outside this group." The preceding statement reflects

Accepted Answer

The statement reflects a group norm, which is an unwritten rule or expectation that guides behavior within the group. In this case, the norm is focused on maintaining trust and confidentiality among group members.

Question 19

According to research, most people will recall a room temperature that is ________ when they are asked to recall being rejected by others.Why is this?

Accepted Answer

When experiencing negative emotions such as rejection, our body temperature tends to drop as our heart rate and blood pressure decrease. This can lead to the perception that the surrounding temperature is lower than it actually is. Therefore, most people will recall a lower room temperature when they are asked to recall being rejected by others.

Question 20

What do a sorority, your family, and the L.A.Lakers have in common?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are groups, making choice B the correct answer. The fact that one is a sorority, another is a family, and the third is a sports team is insignificant in determining their commonality as groups.

Quiz 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups