Question 1

Diversity arises from ______.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

Which of the following descriptions best characterizes aversive racists?

Accepted Answer

Aversive racists hold racist beliefs, but they do not believe they are prejudiced. They may consciously believe in racial equality, but they still engage in discriminatory behavior, often unconsciously or subtly, due to their implicit biases.

Question 3

When facing a conflict concerning whether they should act as they personally desire or act in such a way as to please their important reference groups,people who are allocentric would

Accepted Answer

Allocentric individuals prioritize the needs and expectations of their reference groups over their own desires, so they would be more likely to act in a way that pleases the reference group rather than acting solely based on their personal desires.

Question 4

Tim works in a country in which great inequalities in social status are accepted.He is not permitted to question the authority of his boss and is expected to address him formally.It is likely that Tim works in a country that would score high on ______.

Accepted Answer

The scenario described in the question suggests a high power distance culture, where there is a clear hierarchy and those in positions of power are expected to be treated with formal respect and are not to be questioned. In contrast, femininity, masculinity, and individualism are dimensions that relate to values such as assertiveness, competition, and the importance of relationships, which are not directly relevant to the scenario presented.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a component of the definition of culture?

Accepted Answer

The statement "It is manifested the same way by all members of a particular culture" is not true as individuals within a culture can exhibit variations in attitudes, values, beliefs, norms, and behaviors based on factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and personal experiences.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding group diversity and creativity?

Accepted Answer

While diversity has the potential to bring in new perspectives and ideas, it is still unclear which specific aspects of diversity (e.g. race, gender, age, background) will contribute positively or negatively to group creativity. Some research suggests that too much diversity can lead to conflict and difficulty in communication, which can hinder creativity. Ultimately, the impact of diversity on group creativity is complex and depends on a variety of contextual factors.

Question 7

A group that has built-in diversity as a result of the different strengths and talents of its members is said to have ______ diversity.

Accepted Answer

Functional diversity refers to diversity of skills, abilities, and knowledge within a group. This type of diversity often leads to greater creativity and problem-solving abilities, as each member brings a unique perspective and set of skills to contribute to the group's goals. Productive diversity, background diversity, and innovative diversity are not commonly used terms in the field of diversity and inclusion.

Question 8

Which is true?

Accepted Answer

Axioms are implicit beliefs about how the world works and concern beliefs about oneself, the social and physical environment, or the spiritual world. This is the definition of axioms provided in social psychology. Option A is incorrect because axioms are not ideas that are unclear, but rather implicit beliefs that are taken for granted. Option B is partially correct as axioms are cultural statements, but they are not always explicitly taught to others. Option D is incorrect as axioms are not limited to beliefs about one's position in the world.

Question 9

According to the text,gender is the result of sociocultural influences.This means that gender develops partly because

Accepted Answer

The text states that gender is the result of sociocultural influences, indicating that behavior that matches social expectations is a factor in gender development. The text does not suggest that genetics play no role in gender development or that benevolent sexism contributes to gender development. The text also does not mention whether behavior that matches social expectations is necessarily rewarded or goes unnoticed, so choices A and D are incorrect.

Question 10

Research by Fiske and her colleagues (1999)showed that the only group of people (among 16 groups)that was rated by university students as both disliked and disrespected was ______.

Accepted Answer

The research by Fiske and her colleagues (1999) showed that the group of people who were rated by university students as both disliked and disrespected was people receiving welfare, as indicated in option D. This suggests negative stereotypes and stigma attached to individuals who receive welfare.

Question 11

The set of 10 value types developed by Schwartz (1992)is based on the idea that

Accepted Answer

Schwartz's theory of value types is based on the idea that certain values are universally important and shared across all cultures. He suggests that there are 10 basic value types, such as power, achievement, benevolence, and tradition, that are present in varying degrees across cultures. Thus, choice A is the best answer as it accurately reflects the underlying premise of Schwartz's theory.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of culture as defined by Hofstede (2002)?

Accepted Answer

The dimension of aggressive/passive is not one of the dimensions defined by Hofstede. The correct dimensions are individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/femininity, and power distance.

Question 13

Hofstede (2002)suggests that culture is like the ______ of the mind.

Accepted Answer

Hofstede's comparison of culture to software implies that culture is not a fixed, unchangeable trait but is rather dynamic and can be adapted or altered, similar to how software can be updated or changed. This comparison also suggests that culture influences the way individuals think and behave, just as software programs direct the functions of a computer. Choices A, B, and D do not align with Hofstede's specific comparison of culture to software.

Question 14

Some people are not overtly prejudiced.They recognize racial disparities but also believe that hard work will result in success for all those who are willing to invest the necessary effort.These people may be characterized as ______.

Accepted Answer

Ambivalent racists recognize racial disparities but also believe that hard work will result in success for all those who are willing to invest the necessary effort.

Question 15

Which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

This statement contradicts the statement in option A, which suggests that those who believe in hard work paying off would score high on a measure for reward for application. Option B is the opposite of this statement and is thus not true. Options A, C, and D are all true statements.

Question 16

Research on social axioms examines culture from a unique perspective.How is culture examined from this perspective?

Accepted Answer

Social axioms are beliefs or understandings that people hold to be true about themselves, others, and the world. Therefore, research on social axioms examines culture by looking at "what is" - the beliefs and understandings that are widely shared and accepted within the culture. This provides insight into the cultural values, social norms, and psychological tendencies that shape how people think, behave, and interact with others in that culture.

Question 17

Gender is a product of ______.

Accepted Answer

Gender is largely understood as a social construct influenced by sociocultural factors, rather than purely biological or physiological factors.

Question 18

Sandeep believes in karma,that there are many equally valid ways to achieve goals,and that governments can't be trusted.Which pattern of social axioms describes Sandeep?

Accepted Answer

Sandeep's belief in karma suggests a high level of fate control, believing that actions have predetermined outcomes. His view that there are many equally valid ways to achieve goals indicates high social flexibility, showing openness to different methods and approaches. His distrust in governments points to high social cynicism, reflecting skepticism about societal institutions and leaders. Therefore, the pattern that describes Sandeep is high fate control, high social flexibility, and high social cynicism.

Question 19

In the research conducted by Swim and Hyers (1999),women were more likely to react verbally to sexist comments when other women were absent.Swim and Hyers explained this phenomenon by drawing upon which of the following social psychological concepts or theories?

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon can be explained by the concept of diffusion of responsibility, which suggests that individuals feel less personal responsibility for taking action in a situation when there are other people present who could potentially help. In this case, when other women are present, there is a belief that someone else will speak up, leading to inaction on the part of any individual.

Question 20

During a business meeting,Peter tells Mary that she looks good in the suit she is wearing.According to Glick and Fiske (1996)this could be interpreted as ______.

Accepted Answer

Peter's comment about Mary's appearance in her suit could be seen as benevolent sexism, because it is a positive compliment, but it is still based on gender stereotypes about women's appearance and appropriate attire in the workplace. Hostile sexism would involve more overtly negative and disrespectful behavior towards women, while ambivalent sexism encompasses both benevolent and hostile attitudes towards women. Racist sexism is not applicable in this case as it pertains to discrimination based on both race and gender.

Quiz 14: Applying Social Psychology to Diversity