Question 1

Peer (or cooperative)learning tends to increase satisfaction yet is not so effective for bringing about changes in behavior.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that peer (or cooperative) learning can be effective for bringing about changes in behavior, particularly when combined with other methods such as feedback and goal setting. It also tends to increase satisfaction, motivation, and engagement among learners. Therefore, the statement "peer (or cooperative) learning tends to increase satisfaction yet is not so effective for bringing about changes in behavior" is false.

Question 2

Terry has a long history of cheating on his expense accounts. As a result he engages in projection by checking extra carefully to see if any of his subordinates are cheating on their expense account.

Accepted Answer

Terry is engaging in projection, which is when someone attributes their own negative qualities or behaviors onto others. In this case, Terry is checking his subordinates' expense accounts extra carefully because he himself has a history of cheating on his own expense accounts.

Question 3

A person can often capitalize on the halo effect by denying to others that he or she has any work-related problems.

Accepted Answer

The halo effect refers to the cognitive bias where our overall impression of a person influences how we feel and think about their character. Simply denying work-related problems does not capitalize on the halo effect; it's more about creating a positive overall impression that might lead to others overlooking flaws or issues.

Question 4

One finding of the attribution theory is that people tend to attribute their achievements to good inner qualities, whereas they attribute their failures to adverse factors within the environment.

Accepted Answer

This is a well-known finding of the attribution theory, also referred to as the self-serving bias, which suggests that individuals tend to take credit for their successes and blame external circumstances for their failures. This bias serves to protect their self-esteem and maintain a positive self-image.

Question 5

Jade is a store manager at a Kmart. She engages in stereotyping when she says, ________
A)"I am going to hire a Mexican-American as our grounds supervisor because Mexicans are such hard workers."
B)"I am going to conduct a background investigation of anybody I would like to hire as our grounds supervisor."
C)"I am going to hire a woman as a grounds supervisor because I believe in equal opportunity."
D)"I am going to hire a senior for the grounds supervisor position because about one-half of our customers are seniors."

Accepted Answer

Jade's statement is based on a sweeping generalization about a whole group of people. This is an example of stereotyping, which is unfair and can lead to discrimination.

Answer: B, C, D
 These statements do not involve stereotyping or making assumptions about people based on their race, gender, or age. Instead, they are based on qualifications, experience, or demographics that are relevant to the job position.

Question 6

Jason has a passive learning style so he will most likely acquire new information best by ________.
A)physical demonstrations of learning material
B)studying written material
C)interacting with other people
D)being stimulated with bright lights and loud noises

Accepted Answer

Passive learners typically prefer to process information through reading or listening, so studying written material would be the best choice for Jason. Physical demonstrations and bright lights and loud noises are typically more effective for active learners, and interacting with other people may be helpful for social learners, but not necessarily for passive learners.

Question 7

When applying the Golden Personality Type Profiler to learning, ________ individuals prefer to concentrate on logical analysis, whereas ________ individuals prefer to focus on understanding and harmony.
A)introverted; extroverted
B)sensing; intuiting
C)thinking; feeling
D)judging; perceiving

Accepted Answer

The Golden Personality Type Profiler uses the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, which has four dichotomies: extraversion vs. introversion, sensing vs. intuition, thinking vs. feeling, and judging vs. perceiving. In this context, individuals who prefer to concentrate on logical analysis are likely to have a thinking preference, while those who prefer to focus on understanding and harmony are likely to have a feeling preference. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 8

Cecelia has a teenage brain, so she is likely to be easily influenced by her environment and prone to ________.
A)impulsive behavior
B)careful reflection before acting
C)allowing reason to conquer her emotion
D)being extra thoughtful about the welfare of others

Accepted Answer

Adolescents, including those with a teenage brain like Cecelia, often have an underdeveloped prefrontal cortex, which can cause them to struggle with impulse control and decision-making. This can make them more likely to engage in risky or impulsive behavior.

Question 9

According to the Golden Personality Type Profiler, an important influence on your learning style is your personality.

Accepted Answer

The Golden Personality Type Profiler assesses an individual's personality traits, and these traits can have an impact on one's learning style. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 10

According to the eight stages of human development formulated by Erikson, a person has to learn to resolve a crisis at each stage before successfully negotiating the next stage of life.

Accepted Answer

This is correct as Erikson's theory states that individuals must successfully resolve a crisis at each stage of development in order to move on to the next stage. Failure to do so can result in difficulties later in life.

Question 11

Hotel manager Pearl wants her staff to improve their customer service. Which one of the following approaches is the most likely to lead to improvements?
A)Conducting small discussion groups about the importance of good customer service
B)Requiring that the staff access the same app about good customer service
C)Requiring that the staff all read the same article about good customer service
D)Suggesting that the staff access the same YouTube video about terrible customer service

Accepted Answer

Conducting small discussion groups is the most interactive and engaging approach, allowing staff members to share their own experiences and ideas about customer service. This can lead to more meaningful and practical improvements compared to simply requiring them to access an app or read an article. Suggesting a YouTube video about terrible customer service may have the opposite effect and discourage staff members.

Question 12

According to Erikson's eight stages of development, ________ is the first stage.
A)autonomy versus shame
B)initiative versus guilt
C)trust versus mistrust
D)industry versus inferiority

Accepted Answer

Trust versus mistrust is the first stage in Erikson's eight stages of development, which refers to the period between birth to 18 months of age. During this stage, infants learn to trust or mistrust the world depending on how their needs for nourishment and care are met by their primary caregivers. A sense of trust in the environment and people around them is considered essential for healthy development in later stages.

Question 13

Brian receives an e-mail message explaining how he can earn hundreds of extra dollars per month by selling food supplements that prolong life. Brian engages in selective attention when he ________.
A)carefully thinks through who is sending this message
B)overlooks the clause that he will have to purchase $500 of the supplements so he will have the necessary inventory
C)is happy to know that he might be able to earn extra money
D)deletes the message immediately

Accepted Answer

Brian is selectively attending to the idea of earning extra money but is overlooking the fact that he has to spend $500 to purchase the inventory, which is a crucial detail that should not be overlooked.

Question 14

If Jeremy, who is 86 years old, regularly engages in mental workouts so he has a good chance of preserving his ________.
A)job satisfaction
B)physical fitness
C)cognitive fitness
D)e-learning

Accepted Answer

Engaging in mental workouts can help preserve cognitive fitness, which refers to the ability to think, reason, remember and solve problems. Given Jeremy's age, preserving cognitive fitness can be particularly important in maintaining overall quality of life.

Question 15

An example of a work-related stereotype would be that people under age 25 become anxious and disoriented if they are not carrying a smart phone.

Accepted Answer

This is a common stereotype that associates technology use with younger generations. However, it is important to recognize that individuals of all ages and backgrounds may use or not use technology in varying ways, and generalizations can be harmful and inaccurate.

Question 16

Bert is the metal recycling supervisor at a recycling center. Tammy, one of his recycling technicians, is frequently late for work. Which one of the following explanations for Tammy's tardiness, most closely fits attribution theory? "Tammy is usually late because she ________
A)is a single parent without much support."
B)lacks reliable transportation."
C)has to cope with our over-crowded highway system."
D)is irresponsible."

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory suggests that people try to determine why others do what they do, attributing causes to behavior that can either be internal or external. Choice D ("is irresponsible") is an example of an internal attribution, where the behavior (tardiness) is attributed to an internal characteristic of the person (irresponsibility), fitting the concept of attribution theory closely.

Question 17

An important learning advantage of sleep is that it leads to stronger memory and better attention spans.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that sleep plays a crucial role in consolidating memories and facilitating the formation of new connections in the brain, resulting in improved memory and attention.

Question 18

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, people resolve moral dilemmas by applying principles of equality and justice at the pre-conventional level.

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg's theory, people at the pre-conventional level resolve moral dilemmas based on personal interests and avoiding punishment or gaining rewards, rather than principles of equality and justice. The application of these principles occurs at the later stages of moral development.

Question 19

An example of perceptual congruence would be if the members of a work group and the group leader have a different perception of the group's mission.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual congruence refers to the similarity of perception and interpretation of a situation among different individuals or groups. In this case, since the members of the work group and the group leader have a different perception of the group's mission, there is a lack of perceptual congruence.

Question 20

Lower mental ability and personality traits that detract from concentration tend to enhance how much people learn.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Lower mental ability and personality traits that detract from concentration tend to hinder, not enhance, how much people learn.

Quiz 15: Learning Strategies, Perception, and Life Span Changes

Peer (or cooperative)learning tends to increase satisfaction yet is not so effective for bringing about changes in behavior.

Terry has a long history of cheating on his expense accounts. As a result he engages in projection by checking extra carefully to see if any of his subordinates are cheating on their expense account.

A person can often capitalize on the halo effect by denying to others that he or she has any work-related problems.

One finding of the attribution theory is that people tend to attribute their achievements to good inner qualities, whereas they attribute their failures to adverse factors within the environment.

Jade is a store manager at a Kmart. She engages in stereotyping when she says, ________

Jason has a passive learning style so he will most likely acquire new information best by ________.

When applying the Golden Personality Type Profiler to learning, individuals prefer to concentrate on logical analysis, whereas individuals prefer to focus on understanding and harmony.

Cecelia has a teenage brain, so she is likely to be easily influenced by her environment and prone to ________.

According to the Golden Personality Type Profiler, an important influence on your learning style is your personality.

According to the eight stages of human development formulated by Erikson, a person has to learn to resolve a crisis at each stage before successfully negotiating the next stage of life.

Hotel manager Pearl wants her staff to improve their customer service. Which one of the following approaches is the most likely to lead to improvements?

According to Erikson's eight stages of development, ________ is the first stage.

Brian receives an e-mail message explaining how he can earn hundreds of extra dollars per month by selling food supplements that prolong life. Brian engages in selective attention when he ________.

If Jeremy, who is 86 years old, regularly engages in mental workouts so he has a good chance of preserving his ________.

An example of a work-related stereotype would be that people under age 25 become anxious and disoriented if they are not carrying a smart phone.

Bert is the metal recycling supervisor at a recycling center. Tammy, one of his recycling technicians, is frequently late for work. Which one of the following explanations for Tammy's tardiness, most closely fits attribution theory? "Tammy is usually late because she ________

An important learning advantage of sleep is that it leads to stronger memory and better attention spans.

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, people resolve moral dilemmas by applying principles of equality and justice at the pre-conventional level.

An example of perceptual congruence would be if the members of a work group and the group leader have a different perception of the group's mission.

Lower mental ability and personality traits that detract from concentration tend to enhance how much people learn.