Question 1

The functionalists were interested in how thoughts,feelings,perceptions,and habits help people and animals

Accepted Answer

Functionalism was focused on how an organism adapts to its environment through its thoughts, feelings, perceptions, and habits. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it directly relates to the main concern of functionalists.

Question 2

Edward Titchener is known for

Accepted Answer

Edward Titchener is most known for bringing structuralism to America, which was a school of psychology focused on identifying the basic elements of consciousness through introspection. He was heavily influenced by the work of Wilhelm Wundt, who is often considered the founder of psychology as a scientific discipline. While Titchener made significant contributions to the field, such as his development of the method of introspection, his ideas were eventually overshadowed by behaviorism and other approaches to psychology.

Question 3

The American psychologist known as the founder of functionalism was

Accepted Answer

William James is considered the founder of functionalism, an early theoretical approach in psychology that focused on how mental processes and behaviors function to adapt to the environment.

Question 4

Who was the American scholar,who broadened psychology to include animal behavior, religious experience,and abnormal behavior and helped to establish psychology as a
Separate discipline with his first book,Principles of Psychology?

Accepted Answer

William James was the American scholar who broadened psychology to include animal behavior, religious experience, and abnormal behavior and helped to establish psychology as a separate discipline with his first book, Principles of Psychology.

Question 5

The ideas of which psychologist were most similar to those of Charles Darwin?

Accepted Answer

William James was the psychologist whose ideas were most similar to those of Charles Darwin. James was a proponent of evolutionary theory and believed that the mind developed and evolved over time in response to environmental pressures, much like physical traits.

Question 6

Which school of thought brought the study of animals to psychology and also promoted educational psychology and industrial psychology?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism brought the study of animals to psychology and also promoted educational psychology and industrial psychology. Functionalists such as William James believed that behavior evolved in order to adapt to the environment and fulfill specific purposes. This led to the development of applied psychology, including educational and industrial psychology.

Question 7

Wundt's ideas were carried to the United States by Edward Titchener with these ideas forming the school of thought known as

Accepted Answer

Edward Titchener was one of Wundt's students who brought his ideas to the United States and established the school of thought known as structuralism.

Question 8

Functionalism promoted the study of people at work,which is called __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Industrial/organizational psychology focuses on studying human behavior in the workplace, which aligns with the emphasis on studying people at work promoted by functionalism. Forensic psychology concerns legal issues, comparative psychology examines similarities and differences in behavior across species, and humanistic psychology emphasizes individuals' unique experiences and personal growth.

Question 9

Which of the following theorists used introspection as a scientific technique for investigating consciousness?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt is known as the founder of psychology as a scientific discipline and he used introspection as a scientific technique for investigating consciousness in his laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.

Question 10

In their attempts to analyze consciousness into its elements,the structuralists used a method called

Accepted Answer

The method used by the structuralists to analyze consciousness into its elements was introspection. This involved having participants report their subjective experiences of sensory stimuli and the elements that made them up. The structuralists believed that by breaking down conscious experience into its basic components, they could better understand how consciousness worked.

Question 11

William James founded the school of thought known as

Accepted Answer

William James is considered the founder of functionalism, a school of thought that was concerned with how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environment and achieve their goals. Structuralism, behaviorism, and humanism are distinct schools of thought that are not associated with William James.

Question 12

Edward Titchener called Wundt's ideas structuralism because he tried to analyze the structure of mental life into

Accepted Answer

Titchener called Wundt's ideas structuralism because he believed that mental life could be broken down into basic "elements" or "building blocks". Titchener focused on identifying the elements of consciousness, such as sensations, feelings, and thoughts, and analyzing how they combined to form more complex experiences.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding the process of introspection is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Introspection was not a main technique utilized by behaviorists. In fact, behaviorists rejected it as subjective and unreliable.

Question 14

William James regarded consciousness as

Accepted Answer

William James believed that consciousness was an ever-changing flow of images and sensations, which he referred to as the stream of consciousness. He rejected the notion that consciousness could be broken down into simple building blocks and analyzed through introspection.

Question 15

Learning makes us more adaptable,so the functionalists tried to find ways to improve education and promoted the study of learning,teaching,classroom dynamics,and related
Topics called __________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

Educational psychology focuses on the study of learning, teaching, and classroom dynamics in order to improve education. This aligns with the functionalist perspective of seeking to improve and adapt to societal needs. Community psychology focuses on the well-being of individuals within their community, forensic psychology focuses on legal issues, and comparative psychology focuses on animal behavior.

Question 16

The structuralist school of psychology

Accepted Answer

The structuralist school of psychology, pioneered by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener, focused on breaking down mental processes into the most basic components. They utilized introspection, where subjects reported their thoughts and feelings, to analyze and understand conscious experiences.

Question 17

Wundt's ideas were carried to the United States by

Accepted Answer

Edward Titchener, a student of Wundt's, founded the school of thought known as structuralism, which relied heavily on Wundt's ideas. He then brought these ideas to the United States where he became a prominent figure in psychology.

Question 18

The concept of natural selection was adapted to the study of human behavior by the followers of which school of thought in psychology?

Accepted Answer

The concept of natural selection was adapted to the study of human behavior by the followers of functionalism in psychology. Functionalists believed that behavior and mental processes serve a purpose and can be best understood by examining their functions in helping an organism adapt and survive in its environment. This approach was heavily influenced by the theory of evolution, including natural selection.

Question 19

The functionalists primarily followed the principles of

Accepted Answer

Functionalists in sociology primarily followed the principles of biology and natural selection. They believed that society operates like a living organism, with different parts working together to maintain the overall function and stability of the system. They also argued that certain social arrangements persist because they serve a necessary function in society and contribute to its overall harmony and stability.

Question 20

Which school of thought in psychology emphasizes the study of overt,observable behavior?

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology that emphasizes the study of overt, observable behavior. It suggests that behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, whereby individuals learn to respond to various stimuli in their environment. Gestalt psychology focuses on perception and cognition, structuralism focuses on breaking down mental processes into basic components, and functionalism emphasizes the practical functions of behavior and the mind.

Quiz 1: A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods