Question 1

The largest sector in core economies is the tertiary sector; activities in this sector include

Accepted Answer

The tertiary sector, also known as the service sector, includes activities related to providing services to individuals and businesses. This includes retail and wholesale sales, legal services, entertainment, and other similar activities. Agriculture and manufacturing fall under the primary and secondary sectors, respectively. Therefore, only option C correctly describes activities in the tertiary sector.

Question 2

Basic principles of commercial and industrial location are based on

Accepted Answer

The basic principles of commercial and industrial location are based on access to inputs, proximity to markets, availability of labor, and processing costs. Therefore, all of the options are correct.

Question 3

In the context of economic development over the last 30 years,regional inequality across the globe

Accepted Answer

Regional inequality across the globe has increased with increasing globalization over the last 30 years. The process of globalization has enabled some regions to benefit from increased economic activity and investment, while others have been left behind. This has led to widening disparities between rich and poor regions in many countries.

Question 4

The ability of a country to explore and exploit its resources is based on all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (value of resources, technological innovations, political situation, and economic conditions) are critical factors that influence a country's ability to explore and exploit its resources effectively.

Question 5

One measure of the biologically productive area needed to provide the resources and absorb the waste of a region or country is its

Accepted Answer

Ecological footprint is a measure of biologically productive area required to provide the resources and absorb the waste of a region or country. It takes into account the amount of land, water, and other resources necessary to support the population's lifestyle and consumption patterns. It is a useful tool for measuring sustainability and ecological impact. Carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without degrading its resources. While related, ecological footprint and carrying capacity are distinct concepts.

Question 6

As explained by Gunnar Myrdal,the ________ in one region causes backwash effects in another.

Accepted Answer

The process of cumulative causation, as explained by Gunnar Myrdal, refers to the idea that economic development in one region can lead to positive feedback loops and cumulative effects, while also causing negative backwash effects in other regions. This is because economic development in one region can lead to the concentration of resources and growth of certain sectors, which can draw resources and labor away from other regions and sectors, leading to a potential decline in those areas.

Question 7

With the exception of some oil-rich economies,countries with large primary sectors of the economy have GDPs/capita ________ countries with large tertiary sectors.

Accepted Answer

Countries with large primary sectors of the economy, such as agriculture or mining, tend to have lower GDPs per capita compared to countries with large tertiary sectors, such as services and technology. This is because the primary sector usually offers lower-paying jobs and a less diversified economy. However, it is worth noting that there can be exceptions, such as oil-rich countries with large primary sectors that have a high GDP per capita. Therefore, choice D is not fully accurate as it cannot be generalized for all cases.

Question 8

The cost advantages that manufacturers get from high-volume production are known as

Accepted Answer

Economies of scale refer to the cost advantages that manufacturers get from high-volume production. This can include lower costs for raw materials, labor, and equipment, as well as increased efficiency in production processes.

Question 9

Eco- and alternative tourism are part of what some people are now starting to see as the most recent phase in the progression of economic organization - the production of

Accepted Answer

Eco- and alternative tourism focuses on providing unique experiences and memories for tourists, rather than simply producing personalized goods and services. This aligns with the growth of the experience economy, where consumers prioritize immersive and memorable experiences over traditional material goods.

Question 10

Which of the following would one expect to find in a peripheral country with a large primary sector?

Accepted Answer

Since it is a peripheral country with a large primary sector, it is likely to have a lot of natural resources and agriculture, which in this case are coffee and cocoa bean trees.

Question 11

A large proportion of the world's key industrial resources (basic raw materials)are concentrated in Russia,the United States,Canada,South Africa,and ________.

Accepted Answer

Australia is one of the world's key industrial resources suppliers, as it has significant deposits of minerals such as iron ore, coal, gold, and natural gas.

Question 12

Your text characterizes homogeneous and conglomerate retail chains like Wal-Mart and McDonald's that have replaced diverse and thriving town centers as the economic equivalent of

Accepted Answer

The description of homogeneous and conglomerate retail chains as "voracious, indiscriminate and antisocial" is comparable to the behavior of invasive species, which also have a significant negative impact on their environment and can cause the extinction of native species. This analogy suggests that the proliferation of these chains has a detrimental effect on local businesses and communities, leading to a loss of diversity and cultural identity.

Question 13

In the globalization and industrialization of the world economy,"back office" functions are

Accepted Answer

"Back office" functions, which include administrative and support tasks that can be performed remotely, are decentralizing away from core areas due to advancements in technology and communication. This allows companies to take advantage of lower labor costs and taxes in non-core areas.

Question 14

The International Labour Organization criticizes these "vehicles of globalization" for their lack of meaningful links to their surrounding domestic economies and because they trap people in low-wage and low-skill jobs.

Accepted Answer

The term "EPZs" stands for Export Processing Zones, which are areas within a country set up to promote foreign investment and manufacturing for export. They are criticized by the International Labour Organization for their lack of meaningful links to their surrounding domestic economies and for trapping people in low-wage and low-skill jobs.

Question 15

In the world-system,highest levels of per capita GDP are found in economies where the tertiary and quaternary sectors dominate the workforce.These economies are known as

Accepted Answer

The term "postindustrial" refers to economies that have moved beyond traditional heavy industry and manufacturing, and instead focus primarily on services, information technology, and other knowledge-based sectors. These types of economies tend to have higher levels of per capita GDP, as they rely on advanced skills and technology to generate value.

Question 16

China's current power in the global economy is based on an economic reorientation started in the 1980s and based on

Accepted Answer

China's economic reorientation started in the 1980s with the introduction of market-oriented reforms and the encouragement of private entrepreneurship, which led to the country's rapid economic growth and its ascent to becoming the world's second-largest economy. While there is still some central planning in certain areas, the economy is largely driven by market mechanisms.

Question 17

Economic development that meets the needs and aspirations of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs is the classic definition for

Accepted Answer

The definition given matches the classic definition of sustainable development, which is about promoting economic growth while also considering environmental protection and social development to ensure that resources are available for future generations. Choices A, B, D, and E do not fit the definition provided.

Question 18

To most equitably compare the relative levels of economic development of different countries,and to adjust for their different currencies,it is best to use

Accepted Answer

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) adjusts for the differences in currency values and reflects the relative purchasing power of different countries. It takes into account the prices of goods and services and compares them across different countries, providing a more accurate measure of economic development compared to using just GDP or GNI per capita. PPP provides a better understanding of what a person can buy with their money in different countries.

Question 19

The countries with the most autarky in the world-system are found in the

Accepted Answer

Core countries tend to have more autarky because they have diversified economies with the capacity to produce a wide range of goods and services, making them less dependent on imports.

Question 20

Among radical development theorists,________ is/are believed to impose misery and failure.

Accepted Answer

Among radical development theorists, the International Monetary Fund is believed to impose misery and failure due to its policies that often prioritize market-oriented reforms over the needs of local communities and economies. Localized economies, on the other hand, are often seen as a potential solution to development issues, as they prioritize local decision-making and control over resources.

Quiz 7: Geographies of Economic Development