ERG theory explains both progression need and gratification up the hierarchy and regression when people are faced with frustration.

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ERG theory proposes that people have three basic types of needs - existence, relatedness, and growth, arranged in a hierarchy. As people satisfy lower-level needs, they progress up the hierarchy to satisfy higher-level needs. However, if higher-level needs cannot be satisfied or are frustrated, people may regress back to lower-level needs. Therefore, the theory explains both progression and regression up and down the hierarchy.

ERG Theory Explains Both Progression Need and Gratification Up the Hierarchy