Question 1

In the context of organizational market,which of the following statements best describes influencers?
A)They provide information for evaluating alternative products and suppliers.
B)They have the authority to contact suppliers and negotiate the purchase transaction in most organizations.
C)They control the flow of information to other people in the purchasing process.
D)They are the people in the organization who must use or work with the product or service purchaseD.

Accepted Answer

Influencers are individuals or groups that provide information and advice for evaluating alternative products and suppliers, but do not have the authority to make the final purchase decision. They may include technical experts, consultants, or end-users who have knowledge and experience with the product or service being considered. They can play an important role in shaping the purchase decision by providing input and recommendations to the decision-maker or decision-making group.

Question 2

A straight rebuy:
A)occurs when an organization faces a new and unique need or problem,one in which buying center members have little or no experience.
B)occurs when purchased goods have to be returned or exchanged because the organization's needs have changed.
C)involves purchasing a common product or service the organization has bought many times before.
D)involves purchasing products that are somewhat different from,but extensions of,products previously purchaseD.

Accepted Answer

A straight rebuy involves purchasing a common product or service that the organization has bought many times before.

Question 3

A modified rebuy typically involves:
A)an organization realizing a new and unique need or problem.
B)purchasing a common product or service the organization has bought many times before.
C)comparison of alternative products and services with the current product and vendor.
D)controlling of the flow of information to other people in the purchasing process.

Accepted Answer

A modified rebuy involves the comparison of alternative products and services with the current product and vendor. While the organization may have previously bought the product or service, they are now considering alternatives and evaluating their options. This is different from a straight rebuy where the organization simply makes the same purchase again without any evaluation or consideration of alternatives. A and B are not correct because a new and unique need or problem would be a new task buying situation, and purchasing a common product multiple times is a straight rebuy. D is not correct because controlling the flow of information is not indicative of a modified rebuy.

Question 4

In the context of organizational market,technical experts from various departments of a firm who help determine which specifications and criteria to use in making the purchase decisions are known as:
A)deciders.
B)ultimate consumers.
C)influencers.
D)gatekeepers.

Accepted Answer

Technical experts who help determine specifications and criteria for purchases are considered influencers within the organizational market. Deciders are the individuals who make the final purchase decision, ultimate consumers are the end-users of the product/service, and gatekeepers are individuals who control access to decision-makers within the organization.

Question 5

The situation in which a company favors a supplier that is also a customer for that company is termed as _____.
A)cross-purchasing
B)reciprocity
C)computing
D)direct selling

Accepted Answer

This situation is termed as reciprocity, which is a practice of giving preference to a supplier that also happens to be a customer. This creates a mutually beneficial relationship between the two companies. Cross-purchasing refers to buying from multiple suppliers to reduce dependency on a single supplier. Computing is not related to this concept, and direct selling refers to selling products directly to consumers without intermediaries.

Question 6

Due to the lack of experience of the buying center in case of ________,the buying center tends to view the supplier's reputation as a critical factor,and generally choose a well-known and respected supplier to reduce the risk of making a poor decision.
A)dealing with an ultimate consumer
B)new-task buying
C)straight rebuy
D)buying a common service

Accepted Answer

New-task buying involves purchasing a product or service for the first time or a situation where the buying center has little or no experience with a product. In such cases, the buying center tends to view the supplier's reputation as a critical factor in decision-making to reduce the risk of making a poor decision. On the other hand, in straight rebuy, the buying center has been buying the product or service for a long time and is familiar with the suppliers and their reputation. Buying a common service also may not necessarily require the buying center to consider the supplier's reputation as a critical factor. Dealing with an ultimate consumer is not relevant in this case, as it does not involve the buying center.

Question 7

Value analysis refers to the:
A)systematic appraisal of an item's design,quality,and performance requirements.
B)assessment of the value of the product compared to comparable products on the market.
C)appraisal of the value of the business unit in terms of its contribution to the corporation.
D)comparison of the worth of publicly traded company stock to the book value of the company.

Accepted Answer

Value analysis involves the systematic evaluation of a product's design, quality, and performance requirements in order to determine if changes can be made to reduce costs without sacrificing value. It is a process used by companies to identify opportunities for cost savings in their products or processes. Choices B, C, and D are unrelated to value analysis.

Question 8

In markets characterized by complex and uncertain technical environments,such as where competing technologies are emerging simultaneously,as in the networking software industry,customers are:
A)more likely to keep their options open by spreading their purchases across multiple suppliers.
B)more likely to develop a long-term orientation toward a single supplier.
C)more likely to continue with their original supplier,even if their product is losing ground as the industry standard.
D)more likely to buy goods and services only for their own personal use and consumption.

Accepted Answer

In complex and uncertain technical environments where competing technologies are emerging simultaneously, customers are more likely to keep their options open by spreading their purchases across multiple suppliers. This allows them to hedge their bets and avoid getting locked into any one technology or vendor.

Question 9

If Wal-Mart agrees to share sales information with Coca-Cola for the purpose of keeping stocks replenished,they would be creating a(n):
A)just in time system.
B)supply chain management alliance.
C)annual requirements contract.
D)reciprocity arrangement.

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes a supply chain management alliance, in which Wal-Mart and Coca-Cola work together to optimize the flow of goods from supplier to end customer. By sharing sales information, Coca-Cola can produce and deliver the right amount of product to meet demand, reducing the risk of overstocking or stockouts.

Question 10

In the context of organizational market,individuals who controls the flow of information to other people in the purchasing process is referred to as:
A)deciders.
B)buyers.
C)users.
D)gatekeepers.

Accepted Answer

Gatekeepers are individuals who control the flow of information to other people in the purchasing process. They may be administrative assistants or other employees who determine which suppliers or salespeople have access to key decision-makers. Identifying and building relationships with gatekeepers is important for marketers looking to sell to organizations. Deciders make the final decision about whether to purchase a product or service, buyers are responsible for executing the purchase, and users are the individuals who will actually use the product or service once it is purchased.

Question 11

In the context of the purchase decision-making process,requirements planning consists of:
A)performing a value analysis on suppliers.
B)engaging in an in-depth investigation before qualifying a firm as a potential supplier.
C)attempting to forecast future requirements of the firm so as to plan their purchases in advance.
D)determining how best to advertise a company's product.

Accepted Answer

Requirements planning involves forecasting future requirements of the firm to plan their purchases in advance. It is focused on identifying the quantity and quality of goods and services required to meet the needs and demands of the organization. Performing a value analysis on suppliers (option A) is a part of supplier evaluation process, while engaging in an in-depth investigation before qualifying a firm as a potential supplier (option B) is a part of supplier selection process. Determining how best to advertise a company's product (option D) is a part of marketing strategy development process and is not directly related to requirements planning.

Question 12

Swansa,a garment manufacturing company,was not satisfied with the cotton provided by a particular supplier.Their material did not meet the company's quality standards.Eventually they terminated their contract with the former supplier and started buying cotton from a new supplier.This is an example of a_____.
A)straight rebuy
B)modified rebuy
C)new-task buy
D)direct buy

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a modified rebuy as the company had experience with the former supplier but decided to switch to a new supplier due to quality issues.

Question 13

An appropriate example of reciprocity would be:
A)an agreement by a personal computer manufacturer to buy components from a source that agrees,in turn,to buy the manufacturer's computers.
B)an agreement by a forest products firm to buy chemical products in bulk,if the price of the products are reduced.
C)the equal commitment by two firms to a joint venture,in which the profits are equally divided.
D)the lowering of trade barriers in equal amounts by two countries trading together.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocity involves a mutual exchange of benefits or privileges. In this example, both the personal computer manufacturer and the component supplier agree to buy from each other, creating a reciprocal relationship in which both parties benefit.

Question 14

Buyers' auctions are most akin to a _____ situation.
A)straight rebuy
B)modified rebuy
C)new-task buying
D)reciprocity

Accepted Answer

In a buyers' auction, the buyer is looking for suppliers for a product or service that they have previously purchased but are seeking modifications or better terms. This scenario aligns with a modified rebuy, where the purchase involves some change in specifications, price, requirements, or suppliers from a straight rebuy.

Question 15

The buying center:
A)comprises of several people from different departments who participate in the organizational purchasing process.
B)comprises of only those people in the firm who would be using the goods or services purchased by the firm.
C)is a separately staffed department in large organizations involved only in the purchase of goods and services for the company.
D)is a platform where buyers and sellers congregate and take decisions regarding their future transactions.

Accepted Answer

The buying center in an organization comprises of several people from different departments who participate in the organizational purchasing process. The individuals involved may have varying degrees of influence and decision-making power in the purchase. Therefore, understanding the buying center and their roles is crucial for successful sales and marketing.

Question 16

A miner working for a mining company requests the purchasing agent of the company to buy a particular brand of high powered LED mining helmets as it would help him to work more efficiently.The miner belongs to the category of _____ in the organizational purchasing process.
A)deciders
B)gatekeepers
C)users
D)buyers

Accepted Answer

The miner who is requesting the purchase of a specific brand of mining helmets is a user of the product in the organizational purchasing process. The deciders would be the individuals responsible for making the final decision on which product to purchase, the gatekeepers would control the access to information or approvals needed in the purchasing process, and the buyers would be the individuals responsible for placing the order and physically purchasing the product.

Question 17

A sales report from a top salesperson points out that a major competitor has added a new,more expensive feature to one of its products and that several of his top customers have stopped buying their products as they lack in this new feature.Which stage of the purchase decision-making process does this situation most accurately represent?
A)Value analysis
B)Vendor analysis
C)Problem recognition
D)Purchase decision

Accepted Answer

The situation described in the sales report represents the stage of problem recognition in the purchase decision-making process. The customers have identified a problem (lack of a new feature) with the competitor's product and have stopped buying it. This indicates that they have recognized the need for a product with that feature, which is the first stage in the purchase decision-making process. The salesperson can use this information to position their own product as a better alternative. Value analysis and vendor analysis are stages that come later in the process, while purchase decision is the final stage.

Question 18

In the context of organizational market,the buyer is usually referred to as the:
A)purchasing agent.
B)ultimate consumer.
C)purchasing influencer.
D)gatekeeper.

Accepted Answer

In the context of organizational market, the buyer is usually a purchasing agent who is responsible for making purchasing decisions on behalf of the organization. Other members of the organization, such as influencers or gatekeepers, may also play a role in the decision-making process, but ultimately it is the purchasing agent who makes the final buying decision. Therefore, option A, "purchasing agent," is the best choice.

Question 19

An annual requirements contract:
A)is an inventory check of an organization's supplies at the end of the fiscal year.
B)is an individual spot contract on the open market.
C)is a buyer's obligation to fill a buyer's need for a product consistently over a year
D)is a buyer's responsibility to list out the requirements that a buyer should provide over an year.

Accepted Answer

An annual requirements contract is a long-term agreement between a buyer and a seller in which the seller agrees to provide goods or services to the buyer over the course of a year. The buyer commits to purchasing a certain amount over that time period, and the seller agrees to supply that amount at a set price. It is not an inventory check, a spot contract, or a list of requirements, but rather a specific type of contract between a buyer and a seller.

Question 20

Which of the following is the last step of the purchase decision-making process?
A)Purchase decision
B)Evaluation and selection of suppliers
C)Postpurchase evaluation and feedback
D)Make-or-buy decisions

Accepted Answer

Postpurchase evaluation and feedback is the last step in the purchase decision-making process as it involves the assessment of the purchased product or service to determine its level of satisfaction and whether it met the buyer's expectations. The other options listed are steps in the decision-making process but not the last step.

Quiz 5: Understanding Organizational Markets and Buying Behavior

In the context of organizational market,which of the following statements best describes influencers?

A straight rebuy:

A modified rebuy typically involves:

In the context of organizational market,technical experts from various departments of a firm who help determine which specifications and criteria to use in making the purchase decisions are known as:

The situation in which a company favors a supplier that is also a customer for that company is termed as _____.

Due to the lack of experience of the buying center in case of ________,the buying center tends to view the supplier's reputation as a critical factor,and generally choose a well-known and respected supplier to reduce the risk of making a poor decision.

Value analysis refers to the:

In markets characterized by complex and uncertain technical environments,such as where competing technologies are emerging simultaneously,as in the networking software industry,customers are:

If Wal-Mart agrees to share sales information with Coca-Cola for the purpose of keeping stocks replenished,they would be creating a(n) :

In the context of organizational market,individuals who controls the flow of information to other people in the purchasing process is referred to as:

In the context of the purchase decision-making process,requirements planning consists of:

An appropriate example of reciprocity would be:

Buyers' auctions are most akin to a _____ situation.

The buying center:

A miner working for a mining company requests the purchasing agent of the company to buy a particular brand of high powered LED mining helmets as it would help him to work more efficiently.The miner belongs to the category of _____ in the organizational purchasing process.

In the context of organizational market,the buyer is usually referred to as the:

An annual requirements contract:

Which of the following is the last step of the purchase decision-making process?