Question 1

When a parent gives into a child's tantrum in order to stop the child's tantrum behavior,this leads to a greater likelihood that when the child throws a tantrum in the future,the parent will give in again.  This change in the parent's behavior is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement is the removal of a negative consequence in order to increase or maintain a behavior. In this case, the negative consequence of the tantrum (i.e. the parent's refusal) is removed when the parent gives in, which reinforces the child's behavior and increases the likelihood of the child throwing a tantrum in the future to get what they want.

Question 2

B.F.Skinner introduced what concept related to Thorndike's law of effect?

Accepted Answer

B.F. Skinner introduced the concept of operant conditioning which built upon Thorndike's law of effect. Operant conditioning suggests that behavior is modified by its consequences, resulting in reinforcement or punishment, leading to either an increase or decrease in the behavior respectively.

Question 3

Compared to classical conditioning,operant conditioning is more likely to result in ____.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning involves the reinforcement or punishment of behaviors, which means that a variety of initial responses can be shaped or modified through the use of consequences. In contrast, classical conditioning typically results in a single, reflexive response to a stimulus.

Question 4

Negative reinforcement leads to ____.

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement increases behavior by removing or avoiding a negative outcome or stimulus when the desired behavior is performed.

Question 5

Teresa has a bad experience at the dentist's office when she had a painful root canal.As a result,Teresa has not been to the dentist in five years.Which type of learning best explains Teresa's failure to go to the dentist in the last five years?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Teresa has a bad experience at the...

Question 6

A researcher who uses a Skinner box to study behavior is probably studying ____.

Accepted Answer

A Skinner box is a controlled environment for studying operant conditioning, which is the use of consequences to shape behavior. Respondent learning and classical conditioning involve pairing stimuli together, while observational conditioning is a type of modeling where behavior is learned through observing others.

Question 7

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends scolded him.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Accepted Answer

Joseph's experience is an example of positive punishment because he received an unpleasant response (scolding) after telling the joke, which decreased the likelihood of him repeating the behavior.

Question 8

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends ignore him for several days.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Accepted Answer

Joseph's friends ignoring him is an example of negative punishment, as it involves the removal of a positive stimulus (social interaction) in response to a behavior (telling a joke that makes fun of women) in order to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future. Positive punishment involves adding an aversive stimulus (such as scolding or reprimanding someone) in response to a behavior, while positive reinforcement involves adding a positive stimulus (such as praise or a reward) to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again in the future. Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an aversive stimulus (such as taking away a chore for good behavior) to increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring again in the future.

Question 9

Positive punishment ____.

Accepted Answer

Positive punishment occurs when something unpleasant is added to an organism's environment. It is the opposite of negative punishment, which occurs when something pleasant is taken away from an organism's environment. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because negative reinforcement is different from positive punishment. Option C is incorrect because it describes negative punishment. Option D is incorrect because positive punishment is a valid term and concept in psychology.

Question 10

Classical conditioning is to ____ as operant conditioning is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves the association of stimuli, such as Pavlov's dogs learning to associate the sound of a bell with the presence of food. Operant conditioning involves the consequences of behavior, such as a rat learning to press a lever to receive a food reward.

Question 11

When you break your curfew and your parents take away your car privileges in order stop you from breaking curfew in the future,they are using ____.

Accepted Answer

Negative punishment involves the removal of a desired stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future. In this case, the car privilege is being taken away to decrease the likelihood of the individual breaking curfew again.

Question 12

What type of consequence is Mayra using when she tells her daughter that she does not have to do the dishes for a week because she did so well on her weekly spelling test at school?

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus (in this case, the chore of doing dishes) to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated (doing well on the spelling test).

Question 13

Thorndike is to ____ as Skinner is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Thorndike is known for his development of the law of effect, which states that behaviors followed by positive consequences are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by negative consequences are less likely to be repeated. Skinner, on the other hand, is known for his development of operant conditioning, which involves shaping behavior through reinforcement and punishment. Option B is the correct answer as it accurately matches the two psychologists with their respective contributions.

Question 14

B.F.Skinner's name for the law of effect is ____.

Accepted Answer

The law of effect refers to the idea that behavior that is followed by consequences that are pleasant or desirable is more likely to be repeated in the future, while behavior that is followed by unpleasant or undesirable consequences is less likely to be repeated. B.F. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning is based on this principle. Therefore, choice C, operant conditioning, is the best answer.

Question 15

Wilson wants to use operant conditioning to teach his son to take out the trash.Every time his son takes out the trash,Wilson gives him a dollar.Wilson is employing what type of consequence?

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement involves adding something desirable in order to strengthen a behavior. In this case, Wilson adds a dollar to reward his son for taking out the trash, which is likely to increase the likelihood that his son will continue to take out the trash in the future.

Question 16

Operant conditioning is to ____ as classical conditioning is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning involves active behavior and consequences that shape future behavior, while classical conditioning relies on passive associations between stimuli and responses.

Question 17

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment are ____.​

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement involves giving a reward to increase a behavior while negative punishment involves taking away something desirable to decrease a behavior. Therefore, they are different in their effects on behavior. Choice A is incorrect because they are not two words describing the same thing. Choice B is incorrect because negative punishment actually decreases a behavior. Choice C is incorrect because positive reinforcement involves adding something (a reward), not taking something away.

Question 18

Skinner referred to the type of behavior learned from classical conditioning as ____,and the type of behavior learned from operant conditioning as ____.

Accepted Answer

Skinner referred to the behavior learned from classical conditioning as respondent behavior and the behavior learned from operant conditioning as operant behavior.

Question 19

Classical conditioning is to____ as operant conditioning is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves learning through association, typically of simple, automatic responses to stimuli (e.g., Pavlov's dogs salivating at the sound of a bell). Operant conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior, which can shape more complex behaviors (e.g., a rat learning to press a lever to receive food).

Question 20

Positive reinforcement is to ____ as negative reinforcement is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement is adding something pleasant to increase a behavior, while negative reinforcement is the removal of something unpleasant to increase a behavior. Similarly, negative reinforcement is the removal of something unpleasant to decrease a behavior, while positive punishment is the addition of something unpleasant to decrease a behavior. Option A is incorrect because praise is a form of positive reinforcement, while spanking is an example of positive punishment. Option B is incorrect because it describes the general concept of conditioning, rather than specifically addressing reinforcement. Option C is incorrect because classical conditioning involves pairing two stimuli to create a learned response, while operant conditioning involves using rewards and punishments to increase or decrease a behavior.

Quiz 6: Learning

When a parent gives into a child's tantrum in order to stop the child's tantrum behavior,this leads to a greater likelihood that when the child throws a tantrum in the future,the parent will give in again. This change in the parent's behavior is an example of ____.

B.F.Skinner introduced what concept related to Thorndike's law of effect?

Compared to classical conditioning,operant conditioning is more likely to result in ____.

Negative reinforcement leads to ____.

Teresa has a bad experience at the dentist's office when she had a painful root canal.As a result,Teresa has not been to the dentist in five years.Which type of learning best explains Teresa's failure to go to the dentist in the last five years?

A researcher who uses a Skinner box to study behavior is probably studying ____.

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends scolded him.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends ignore him for several days.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Positive punishment ____.

Classical conditioning is to as operant conditioning is to .

When you break your curfew and your parents take away your car privileges in order stop you from breaking curfew in the future,they are using ____.

What type of consequence is Mayra using when she tells her daughter that she does not have to do the dishes for a week because she did so well on her weekly spelling test at school?

Thorndike is to as Skinner is to .

B.F.Skinner's name for the law of effect is ____.

Wilson wants to use operant conditioning to teach his son to take out the trash.Every time his son takes out the trash,Wilson gives him a dollar.Wilson is employing what type of consequence?

Operant conditioning is to as classical conditioning is to .

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment are ____.

Skinner referred to the type of behavior learned from classical conditioning as ,and the type of behavior learned from operant conditioning as .

Classical conditioning is to as operant conditioning is to .

Positive reinforcement is to as negative reinforcement is to .

Quiz 6: Learning

When a parent gives into a child's tantrum in order to stop the child's tantrum behavior,this leads to a greater likelihood that when the child throws a tantrum in the future,the parent will give in again. This change in the parent's behavior is an example of ____.

B.F.Skinner introduced what concept related to Thorndike's law of effect?

Compared to classical conditioning,operant conditioning is more likely to result in ____.

Negative reinforcement leads to ____.

Teresa has a bad experience at the dentist's office when she had a painful root canal.As a result,Teresa has not been to the dentist in five years.Which type of learning best explains Teresa's failure to go to the dentist in the last five years?

A researcher who uses a Skinner box to study behavior is probably studying ____.

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends scolded him.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Joseph tells his buddies at work a joke that makes fun of women.To his surprise,his friends ignore him for several days.As a result,Joseph decides never again to tell a joke like that at work.Joseph's experience is an example of what type of consequence?

Positive punishment ____.

Classical conditioning is to ____ as operant conditioning is to ____.

When you break your curfew and your parents take away your car privileges in order stop you from breaking curfew in the future,they are using ____.

What type of consequence is Mayra using when she tells her daughter that she does not have to do the dishes for a week because she did so well on her weekly spelling test at school?

Thorndike is to ____ as Skinner is to ____.

B.F.Skinner's name for the law of effect is ____.

Wilson wants to use operant conditioning to teach his son to take out the trash.Every time his son takes out the trash,Wilson gives him a dollar.Wilson is employing what type of consequence?

Operant conditioning is to ____ as classical conditioning is to ____.

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment are ____.​

Skinner referred to the type of behavior learned from classical conditioning as ____,and the type of behavior learned from operant conditioning as ____.

Classical conditioning is to____ as operant conditioning is to ____.

Positive reinforcement is to ____ as negative reinforcement is to ____.

Classical conditioning is to as operant conditioning is to .

Thorndike is to as Skinner is to .

Operant conditioning is to as classical conditioning is to .

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment are ____.

Skinner referred to the type of behavior learned from classical conditioning as ,and the type of behavior learned from operant conditioning as .

Classical conditioning is to as operant conditioning is to .

Positive reinforcement is to as negative reinforcement is to .