Question 1

Suppose we use the bookshelf analogy to explain the capacity of short-term memory.When you use chunking to increase that capacity,____.

Accepted Answer

Chunking does not change the actual capacity of short-term memory; it reorganizes information into larger, meaningful units, allowing more efficient use of the existing capacity.

Question 2

If a new memory has made it to the short-term memory stage,it has definitely been ____.

Accepted Answer

In order for a new memory to make it to the short-term memory stage, it must have been given at least a slight amount of attention. Simply being seen or heard is not enough, as the information needs to be consciously noticed in order to be stored in short-term memory. Rehearsal and processing by the implicit memory system may aid in the consolidation of the memory, but they are not necessary for it to initially enter short-term memory.

Question 3

Short-term memory uses a dual-coding system for storing memories.This means that ____.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory uses a dual-coding system where memories are stored either acoustically (based on sound) or visually (based on sight). This allows for more effective encoding and retrieval of information. Option A is incorrect, as short-term memory and long-term memory are separate processes. Option B is also incorrect, as short-term memory does not necessarily indicate where a memory came from or where it is going. Option C is incorrect, as there is no evidence to suggest that short-term memories are stored twice as quickly as other memories.

Question 4

Short-term memories are encoded either ____ or ____.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memories are encoded either visually (by what we see) or acoustically (by what we hear). This is known as dual-coding theory, which suggests that information is more likely to be remembered when it is encoded both visually and acoustically.

Question 5

If we do not pay attention to sensory memories,they will most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memories are very short-lived and will fade away quickly if not attended to or rehearsed. Therefore, if we do not pay attention to sensory memories, they are most likely to be forgotten forever.

Question 6

Mila received a new DVD player that she is trying to connect to the back of her television by feel alone.The first stage of memorizing how to make the connection would be through ____.

Accepted Answer

Haptic sensory memory is the type of memory that involves touch and allows for the initial memorization of how to make a physical connection using touch and feel alone. Iconic sensory memory is the type of memory that involves visual information and would not be applicable in this scenario. Short-term memory would come into play as Mila attempted to hold and remember the steps involved in making the connection, while long-term memory would come into play if she successfully made the connection and needed to remember how to do it in the future.

Question 7

Which statement is TRUE regarding chunking?

Accepted Answer

Chunking increases the efficiency of short-term memory by grouping information into larger, meaningful units, but as the size of these chunks increases, the number of chunks that can be stored effectively decreases.

Question 8

When you attempt to remember the definition of implicit memory by repeating the definition over and over again,you are using ____ rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal is the repetition of information to keep it in short-term memory. This type of rehearsal does not involve elaboration or deep processing, as it only aims to keep the information in mind temporarily without any effort to relate it to existing knowledge or create meaningful associations with it. The other choices (elaborative, rote, and repetitive) imply more active and sophisticated mental processing of the information, which is not the case with maintenance rehearsal.

Question 9

The process that determines which memory information gets transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory is ____.

Accepted Answer

The process that determines which memory information gets transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory is attention. It is the process of selectively focusing on specific aspects of the environment and incoming sensory information.

Question 10

Imagine that you are participating in a research study in which you are shown a list of numbers and then immediately afterwards you are asked to recall as many of them as you can.Most likely,the researcher is studying the ____.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory is the type of memory responsible for holding a small amount of information in our mind for a short period of time. Asking participants to recall a list of numbers immediately after being shown them tests their capacity for short-term memory.

Question 11

In the 1950s,George Miller showed that the capacity of short-term memory is ____.

Accepted Answer

George Miller's research showed that the capacity of short-term memory is 7 ± 2 bits of information. This means that individuals can typically hold between 5 and 9 pieces of information in their short-term memory at a time. Option B suggests that short-term memory can hold 20 chunks of data, which is not accurate according to Miller's research. Option C is not supported by any research. Option D suggests a specific number of 15 items, which is not in line with the range found by Miller's research.

Question 12

The duration of short-term memory is about ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  The duration of short-term memory is about...

Question 13

If you were trying to store a list of single digit numbers in your short-term memory,about how many should you be able to store on average?

Accepted Answer

The average person can remember about 7 items (+/- 2) in their short-term memory, according to research studies. Therefore, choice C, 7, is the best answer.

Question 14

Imagine that you are a subject in a study in which you are asked to remember a sequence of 20 letters of the alphabet dictated to you at the rate of one letter every two seconds.Immediately after the dictation,you are asked to recall the original sequence of letters.Most likely the researcher is studying what aspect of memory?

Accepted Answer

The researcher is likely studying the capacity of short-term memory, as the participant is asked to immediately recall a sequence of 20 letters, which would likely be stored in short-term memory.

Question 15

You have the phone number of the local pizza parlor in your iconic memory right now.What do you have to do with this information to move it to short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

To move information from iconic memory (a type of sensory memory for visual input) to short-term memory, you need to pay attention to it. This process allows the information to be transferred and retained for a longer period, albeit still temporarily, in short-term memory.

Question 16

The duration and capacity of short-term memory are best described as ____.

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory has a limited capacity of storing only 7±2 items on average and its duration is about 20-30 seconds without active rehearsal. Therefore, the best description is that short-term memory is small in capacity and short in duration.

Question 17

The phrase "7 ± 2 bits" describes the ____.

Accepted Answer

"7 ± 2 bits" is commonly referred to as the "magic number" and represents the estimated capacity of short-term memory, which is the amount of information that can be held in the mind at any given moment. The duration of short-term memory is typically around 20-30 seconds, but this is not described by the phrase "7 ± 2 bits". The capacity and duration of sensory memory are not described by the phrase either.

Question 18

You are watching a recording of your professor's lecture.The doorbell rings and you go to see who is there.Assuming that you don't pay further attention to the part of the lecture you were watching,what will likely happen to the information?

Accepted Answer

If you do not pay attention and actively process the information, it will likely not be encoded into long-term memory and will fade away from sensory memory quickly.

Question 19

If you look up a phone number to the local theater and are unable to write it down or rehearse it,how long do you have before this information fades from your short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory typically lasts up to 30 seconds without rehearsal or repetition.

Question 20

The limited capacity of short-term memory may be due to how neurons in the ____ code and store information.​

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is responsible for coding and storing short-term memories before they are either transferred to long-term memory storage or forgotten. Therefore, if the hippocampus has a limited capacity for coding and storing information, it could explain the limited capacity of short-term memory. The corpus callosum and the amygdala are not directly involved in short-term memory storage and processing, and the reticular formation is involved in regulating arousal and attention rather than memory.

Quiz 7: Memory

Suppose we use the bookshelf analogy to explain the capacity of short-term memory.When you use chunking to increase that capacity,____.

If a new memory has made it to the short-term memory stage,it has definitely been ____.

Short-term memory uses a dual-coding system for storing memories.This means that ____.

Short-term memories are encoded either or .

If we do not pay attention to sensory memories,they will most likely ____.

Mila received a new DVD player that she is trying to connect to the back of her television by feel alone.The first stage of memorizing how to make the connection would be through ____.

Which statement is TRUE regarding chunking?

When you attempt to remember the definition of implicit memory by repeating the definition over and over again,you are using ____ rehearsal.

The process that determines which memory information gets transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory is ____.

Imagine that you are participating in a research study in which you are shown a list of numbers and then immediately afterwards you are asked to recall as many of them as you can.Most likely,the researcher is studying the ____.

In the 1950s,George Miller showed that the capacity of short-term memory is ____.

The duration of short-term memory is about ____.

If you were trying to store a list of single digit numbers in your short-term memory,about how many should you be able to store on average?

You have the phone number of the local pizza parlor in your iconic memory right now.What do you have to do with this information to move it to short-term memory?

The duration and capacity of short-term memory are best described as ____.

The phrase "7 ± 2 bits" describes the ____.

You are watching a recording of your professor's lecture.The doorbell rings and you go to see who is there.Assuming that you don't pay further attention to the part of the lecture you were watching,what will likely happen to the information?

If you look up a phone number to the local theater and are unable to write it down or rehearse it,how long do you have before this information fades from your short-term memory?

The limited capacity of short-term memory may be due to how neurons in the ____ code and store information.

Quiz 7: Memory

Suppose we use the bookshelf analogy to explain the capacity of short-term memory.When you use chunking to increase that capacity,____.

If a new memory has made it to the short-term memory stage,it has definitely been ____.

Short-term memory uses a dual-coding system for storing memories.This means that ____.

Short-term memories are encoded either ____ or ____.

If we do not pay attention to sensory memories,they will most likely ____.

Mila received a new DVD player that she is trying to connect to the back of her television by feel alone.The first stage of memorizing how to make the connection would be through ____.

Which statement is TRUE regarding chunking?

When you attempt to remember the definition of implicit memory by repeating the definition over and over again,you are using ____ rehearsal.

The process that determines which memory information gets transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory is ____.

Imagine that you are participating in a research study in which you are shown a list of numbers and then immediately afterwards you are asked to recall as many of them as you can.Most likely,the researcher is studying the ____.

In the 1950s,George Miller showed that the capacity of short-term memory is ____.

The duration of short-term memory is about ____.

If you were trying to store a list of single digit numbers in your short-term memory,about how many should you be able to store on average?

You have the phone number of the local pizza parlor in your iconic memory right now.What do you have to do with this information to move it to short-term memory?

The duration and capacity of short-term memory are best described as ____.

The phrase "7 ± 2 bits" describes the ____.

You are watching a recording of your professor's lecture.The doorbell rings and you go to see who is there.Assuming that you don't pay further attention to the part of the lecture you were watching,what will likely happen to the information?

If you look up a phone number to the local theater and are unable to write it down or rehearse it,how long do you have before this information fades from your short-term memory?

The limited capacity of short-term memory may be due to how neurons in the ____ code and store information.​

Short-term memories are encoded either or .

The limited capacity of short-term memory may be due to how neurons in the ____ code and store information.