Question 1

Physical exercise has been shown to ____.

Accepted Answer

Physical exercise has been shown to reduce both the physical and emotional effects of stress. Research has demonstrated that exercise can lower blood pressure and heart rate, as well as decrease feelings of anxiety and depression.

Question 2

Rohini was scared by a big dog as she was walking home from the bus stop.Now,Rohini has calmed down.According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome which event promotes her calming down?

Accepted Answer

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system helps the body to relax and return to a state of calm after the sympathetic nervous system has been activated in response to a stressor. In this case, Rohini's parasympathetic nervous system being activated would promote her calming down after the initial fear response.

Question 3

According to the information presented in the textbook about optimists and pessimists,____.

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that optimists are generally healthier than pessimists, citing research that shows optimists have better immune function and are less likely to develop chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.

Question 4

In cognitive reappraisal,coping involves ____.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive reappraisal involves changing the way one thinks about a stressful event or situation, and this is done through altering one's interpretation or perspective on the event. Choices B and D describe other forms of coping strategies, and choice C describes a maladaptive coping mechanism.

Question 5

Miguel is a cowboy who loves to tame horses.When a wild horse is delivered to Miguel's ranch one day,it is likely that Miguel's appraisal of this event will lead to feelings of ____.

Accepted Answer

Given that Miguel loves to tame horses, it is likely that the arrival of a wild horse will cause excitement rather than anxiety, fear, or anger.

Question 6

As an adult,dealing with stress by throwing a child-like temper tantrum would be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

Regression involves reverting back to a child-like state in order to deal with stress or anxiety. In this case, throwing a temper tantrum, which is a behavior typically seen in children, is an example of regression.

Question 7

Altering the way you think or feel in order to reduce stress is most likely to occur in ____.

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping involves regulating one's emotional response to stressors, which can include altering one's thoughts or feelings in order to reduce stress.

Question 8

Dory is an avid hiker and is looking forward to her vacation in the mountains.It is most likely that Dory's vacation will be appraised as ____.

Accepted Answer

Since Dory is an avid hiker and is looking forward to her vacation in the mountains, her vacation will most likely be seen as challenging.

Question 9

Refusing to deal with,or even be aware of,the stress associated with something traumatic would be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

Repression is a defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously blocks out a traumatic event or memory to avoid dealing with the associated stress. The individual may not even be aware of the repressed memory or the stress it causes. Projection involves attributing one's own thoughts or feelings to someone else, reaction formation involves displaying the opposite of one's true feelings in a situation, and sublimation involves channeling negative impulses into positive, socially acceptable behavior.

Question 10

Effective time management requires that we make a serious commitment to ____.

Accepted Answer

Effective time management requires a commitment to balancing various activities such as studying, working, and playing. It is not just about working as many hours as possible or alternating between studying and working. Relaxing and taking breaks are also important aspects of time management, but they should be balanced with productivity and achieving goals. Therefore, choice D is the best option.

Question 11

When you feel that you can actually do something about a situation,you will be most likely to use what type of coping strategy?

Accepted Answer

Problem-focused coping is the type of coping strategy that involves taking action to directly address the problem causing stress. It is most likely to be used when a person feels that they can do something about the situation. Options A and B (defense mechanisms and emotion-focused coping) are types of coping strategies that are used when a person feels helpless or overwhelmed by a situation. Option C (primary appraisal) is the process of evaluating the significance of a situation for our well-being, but it doesn't relate to coping strategies.

Question 12

When you hear your teacher talk about the body's "flight or fight" response,you should know that she is referring to the ____.

Accepted Answer

The "flight or fight" response is a natural physiological response of the body when faced with stress or danger. It involves the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to an increase in heart rate, breathing rate, and the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. This response prepares the body to either face the stressor or flee from it. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer.

Question 13

Which mechanism relies least on changing one's thought processes in order to manage stress?

Accepted Answer

Progressive relaxation focuses on physical relaxation techniques rather than altering thought processes.

Question 14

Daily use of relaxation procedures has been shown to ____.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that daily use of relaxation procedures, regardless of the specific form (such as muscle relaxation, meditation, or deep breathing exercises), leads to decreased physical symptoms of stress. This includes reductions in blood pressure, heart rate, and muscle tension.

Question 15

Rick's mother died eight months ago.For the past two weeks,Rick has been sick with the flu and does not seem to be improving.According to Selye,Rick is most likely in the ____.

Accepted Answer

The exhaustion phase is the third and final stage of the general adaptation syndrome, which occurs when the body's resources are depleted and it can no longer adapt to the stressor. Rick's recent illness combined with the previous stress of losing his mother has likely put him in this phase.

Question 16

Whatever you do to manage a situation that you perceive as threatening is called ____.

Accepted Answer

Coping refers to the strategies or actions taken to manage a situation perceived as stressful or threatening. Appraisal refers to the process of evaluating the situation and determining its implications. Focusing refers to directing attention to a particular task or goal. Stressing refers to experiencing psychological or physiological distress.

Question 17

Which of the following is a recommended method of stress management?

Accepted Answer

Progressive relaxation is a recommended method of stress management as it involves tensing and then relaxing various muscle groups in the body, leading to a sense of relaxation and reduced stress. Options A, B, and D are not recommended methods of stress management and can actually have negative consequences on a person's physical and mental health.

Question 18

While driving in heavy traffic,Nathan narrowly misses hitting another car.After the event,his heart rate and blood pressure increase.According to Selye,Nathan is MOST likely in which phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes a sudden and acute stressor, which aligns with the alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome. During this phase, the body responds to the stressor by releasing hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, causing an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. The resistance phase involves continued adaptation to the stressor over time, and the exhaustion phase occurs when the body can no longer cope with the chronic stressor and experiences physical and mental fatigue. Primary appraisal is the initial evaluation of a stressor to determine its potential threat or harm.

Question 19

Religiousness,prayer,and spirituality have been shown to ____.

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have shown that religiousness, prayer, and spirituality are associated with better health outcomes. This may be due to the social support and sense of purpose that these practices can provide. However, it should be noted that this association does not necessarily imply causation, and there may be other factors at play.

Question 20

Progressive relaxation training involves ____.

Accepted Answer

Progressive relaxation training involves alternately tensing and relaxing muscle groups in order to reduce muscle tension and promote relaxation. It does not involve the use of medications, free weights, or time management skills.

Quiz 12: Health, stress, and Coping