A pregnant woman presents in labor at term,having had no prenatal care.After birth her infant is noted to be small for gestational age with small eyes and a thin upper lip.The infant also is microcephalic.Based on her infant's physical findings,this woman should be questioned about her use of which substance during pregnancy?

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The description of the infant suggests fetal alcohol syndrome,which is consistent with maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy.Fetal brain,kidney,and urogenital system malformations have been associated with maternal cocaine ingestions.Heroin use in pregnancy frequently results in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).The infant may have a shrill cry and sleep cycle disturbances and may present with poor feeding,tachypnea,vomiting,diarrhea,hypothermia or hyperthermia,and sweating.Studies have found a higher incidence of meconium staining in infants born of mothers who used marijuana during pregnancy.

A Pregnant Woman Presents in Labor at Term,having Had No