The abuse of which substance during pregnancy is a significant cause of mental retardation in the United States?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Alcohol abuse during pregnancy is recognized as one of the leading causes of mental retardation in the United States.Alcohol is a teratogen;maternal ethanol abuse during gestation can lead to identifiable fetal alcohol spectrum disorders that include alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders.Cigarette smoking is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.The risk for placenta previa,abruption,and premature rupture of membranes is twice that of nonsmokers.Marijuana is the most common illicit drug used by pregnant women.Marijuana crosses the placenta,and its use during pregnancy can result in shortened gestation and a higher incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Heroin crosses the placenta and often results in IUGR,stillbirth,and congenital anomalies.

The Abuse of Which Substance During Pregnancy Is a Significant