Cigarette Manufacturers Have Had to Eliminate the Use of Vending

Cigarette manufacturers have had to eliminate the use of vending machines due to the machine's inability to check the buyers' ages.A cigarette manufacturer has developed vending machines that operate only after the user inserts a card verifying his or her age.By developing this machine,and by modifying its external environment through the use of technology,what has the cigarette manufacturer engaged in?

A) re-engineering
B) environmental management
C) social machinations
D) technology diversity