Question 1

In a well-designed experiment,there is only one systematic difference between the conditions.This difference is manipulated by the experimenter and is called the

Accepted Answer

The manipulated difference between the conditions is known as the independent variable.

Question 2

Research that tries to discover how pure research can best be applied to the solution of practical human problems is called

Accepted Answer

This questions requires the understanding of the concept of translational research.

Question 3

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer...

Question 4

A major shortcoming of case-study research is that

Accepted Answer

The major shortcoming of case-study research is the uncertainty regarding the degree to which its results can be generalized to a larger population or different circumstances. Case-study research typically involves a small sample size and a specific context, which limits the generalizability of the findings. Option A is incorrect because case-study research can be conducted on both healthy and sick individuals. Option B is incorrect because case-study research may be applied to laboratory animals. Option C is incorrect because case-study research is usually specific and not general.

Question 5

Research that is intended to bring about direct benefit to humankind is

Accepted Answer

This question requires students to understand the meaning of applied research.

Question 6

Which of the following makes it difficult to make causal interpretations of experimental results?

Accepted Answer

Confounded variables are those that are not controlled in an experiment and may affect the dependent variable, making it difficult to determine if the independent variable truly caused a change in the dependent variable. This can lead to inaccurate or unclear causal interpretations of experimental results.

Question 7

The posture of lordosis in a female rodent indicates that she

Accepted Answer

Lordosis is a posture that involves arching the back, lifting the hindquarters, and exposing the genitals. This posture is a sign of sexual receptivity in female rodents and is seen during mating behavior.

Question 8

The advantage of humans over other primates as subjects in biopsychological research is that they

Accepted Answer

Humans can report their subjective experiences, follow verbal directions, and are often cheaper to study than other primates, making all the options correct.

Question 9

What do Hubel,Sperry,Axelrod,Moniz,Pavlov,and Golgi have in common? They are all

Accepted Answer

All of the listed individuals are Nobel Prize winners in the field of neuroscience or physiology.

Question 10

The Coolidge effect refers to the fact that

Accepted Answer

The Coolidge effect refers to the phenomenon where a sexually fatigued animal will often resume sexual activity if its current partner is replaced with a new one. This has been observed in various species including rats, mice, and prairie voles.

Question 11

The experiment of Lester and Gorzalka (1988 is significant because it constitutes the first strong evidence of a Coolidge effect)in

Accepted Answer

The experiment by Lester and Gorzalka in 1988 provided the first strong evidence of the Coolidge effect in females, demonstrating that females also exhibit renewed sexual interest when introduced to a new partner.

Question 12

The division of biopsychology that studies the neural mechanisms of behavior through the direct manipulation of the brains of laboratory animals in controlled experiments is

Accepted Answer

Physiological psychology focuses on studying the neural mechanisms of behavior by directly manipulating the brains of laboratory animals in controlled experiments, distinguishing it from the other fields listed.

Question 13

The research of a biopsychologist working for a drug company would likely be

Accepted Answer

The answer is not in the text; the student must infer the correct answer from concepts of applied research and psychopharmacology.

Question 14

In a successful experiment,the independent variable affects the

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed in the experiment, while the dependent variable is the variable that is being measured and affected by the independent variable. Therefore, in a successful experiment, the independent variable should affect the dependent variable, not confounded or correlated variables.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the major divisions of biopsychology?

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology is not considered one of the major divisions of biopsychology, although it is related to biopsychology in that it studies the interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors in mental health and illness. The major divisions of biopsychology are physiological psychology, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, and psychopharmacology. Physiological psychology focuses on the neural mechanisms of behavior, neuropsychology studies the relationship between behavior and brain function, psychophysiology examines the physiological bases of psychological processes, and psychopharmacology studies the effects of drugs on behavior and brain function.

Question 16

Which subdiscipline of biopsychology is most likely to be identified with the assessment of the memory deficits of patients with damage to the frontal portions of the neocortex?

Accepted Answer

Neuropsychology is a subdiscipline of biopsychology that focuses on understanding the relationship between the brain and behavior, particularly in individuals with brain damage or dysfunction. Therefore, it is most likely to be associated with the assessment of memory deficits in patients with damage to the frontal portions of the neocortex.

Question 17

The term "within-subjects design" refers to experiments in which

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects design means that each subject is exposed to each condition of the experiment. This is in contrast to between-subjects design where different groups of subjects are tested in each condition. Therefore, option A is the correct choice.

Question 18

The corpus callosum is a

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is a neural pathway that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, allowing communication and coordination between the two sides. It plays a crucial role in integrating sensory, motor, and cognitive information between the two hemispheres.

Question 19

In some studies,subjects are not assigned to particular conditions; instead subjects are selected because they are already living under these conditions (e.g.,alcohol consumers and alcohol nonconsumers).Such studies are

Accepted Answer

Quasi-experiments are studies where subjects are not randomly assigned to conditions, but instead are already living under these conditions. In this case, the study is comparing alcohol consumers and nonconsumers, which is a comparison of already existing groups. Therefore, it is a quasi-experiment.

Question 20

Which subdivision of biopsychology is most likely to be identified with an experiment in which the effects of the drug fluoxetine on the ability of mice to learn a maze is studied?

Accepted Answer

The answer is not in the text; the student must infer the correct answer from a concept of psychopharmacology.

Quiz 1: Biopsychology As a Neuroscience