Question 1

The left hemisphere plays a greater role in controlling the left hand than
A) it does in controlling the right hand.
B) the right hemisphere does in controlling the left hand.
C) the right hemisphere does in controlling the right hand.
D) all of the above
E) both B and C

Accepted Answer

The answer of The left hemisphere plays a greater role...

Question 2

The study of how left and right hemispheres differ in their approach to cognitive tasks has led to the concept of a left hemisphere
A) interpreter.
B) reporter.
C) responder.
D) calculator.
E) scientist.

Accepted Answer

The interpreter is a hypothetical left-hemisphere neural mechanism that continuously assesses patterns of events and tries to make sense of them.

Question 3

Evidence that the perception of music is lateralized comes from demonstrations that
A) the left ear is superior to the right in the melodic dichotic listening test.
B) the right ear is superior to the left in the melodic dichotic listening test.
C) left temporal-lobe damage is more likely than right temporal-lobe damage to disrupt musical abilities.
D) both A and C
E) both B and C

Accepted Answer

The left ear is superior to the right in the melodic dichotic listening test, indicating right hemisphere dominance for music perception.

Question 4

The hypothetical neural mechanism in humans that continuously assesses patterns of events and tries to make sense of them is termed the
A) right-hemisphere interpreter.
B) left-hemisphere interpreter.
C) right prefrontal lobe.
D) left prefrontal lobe.
E) left-hemisphere dominatrix.

Accepted Answer

Paradoxically, the left hemisphere performs poorly on tasks in which its continuous search for meaning is a disadvantage.

Question 5

A structural MRI study found that the __________ in the left hemisphere in musicians with perfect pitch than it is in musicians without perfect pitch.
A) planum temporale is larger
B) planum temporale is smaller
C) frontal operculum is larger
D) frontal operculum is smaller
E) Heschl's gyrus is larger

Accepted Answer

The question states that the study found a difference in the left hemisphere in musicians with perfect pitch compared to those without. The only answer choice that mentions a specific brain structure in the left hemisphere is A) planum temporale. The study found that this area was larger in musicians with perfect pitch.

Question 6

One theory of why lateralization of function evolved is that there are two fundamentally different modes of thinking,each requiring different neural circuitry.These two modes of thinking are referred to as
A) positive and negative.
B) scientific and nonscientific.
C) logical and illogical.
D) synthetic and analytic.
E) motor and sensory.

Accepted Answer

The theory suggests that the two modes of thinking are synthetic and analytic, which require different neural circuitry, leading to the evolution of lateralization of function in the brain. Option D is the correct choice that represents these two modes of thinking. Option A is incorrect as positive and negative are not modes of thinking. Option B is incorrect as scientific and nonscientific are not modes of thinking, but rather approaches to inquiry. Option C is incorrect as logical and illogical are not comprehensive enough to capture the complexity of the two modes of thinking. Option E is incorrect as motor and sensory do not represent modes of thinking, but rather sensory and motor functions.

Question 7

According to the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry,
A) the left hemisphere thinks in an analytic mode.
B) the left hemisphere operates in a logical computer-like fashion.
C) the right hemisphere is concerned with overall stimulus configuration and processes information in Gestalts or wholes.
D) the left hemisphere abstracts relevant details and attaches verbal labels to them.
E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the choices are correct and supported by the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry. The left hemisphere is associated with analytic thinking, logical processing, and abstraction of relevant details with verbal labeling. In contrast, the right hemisphere is concerned with holistic processing, gestalt perception, and overall stimulus configuration.

Question 8

According to the text,the main problem with the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry is its
A) excessive specificity.
B) brevity.
C) vagueness.
D) simplicity.
E) age.

Accepted Answer

The text states that the main problem with the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry is its vagueness, as it does not explain specific cognitive functions that are associated with each hemisphere.

Question 9

With respect to cerebral lateralization of function,evidence clearly shows that
A) the left hemisphere plays the greater role in many aspects of language in most people.
B) the right hemisphere plays the greater role in many aspects of spatial perception in many people.
C) lateralization of neither language nor spatial perception is total.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are correct regarding cerebral lateralization. The left hemisphere is indeed more involved in language functions for most people, while the right hemisphere is more involved in spatial perception. Additionally, lateralization is not absolute, meaning both hemispheres play a role in these functions to some extent.

Question 10

Heschl's gyrus is the location of the primary
A) visual cortex.
B) language area.
C) somatosensory cortex.
D) auditory cortex.
E) reading area.

Accepted Answer

Heschl's gyrus, also known as the transverse temporal gyrus, is located in the temporal lobe of the brain and is responsible for processing auditory information. It is considered the primary auditory cortex.

Question 11

As a result of mounting evidence that broad categories of cognitive function are not lateralized,research on the lateralization of function has started to focus on
A) language.
B) constituent cognitive processes.
C) emotion.
D) spatial ability.
E) cognitive tasks.

Accepted Answer

As per the passage, the research on the lateralization of function has started to focus on constituent cognitive processes, which means the functions that make up the larger categories of cognition. Thus, option B - constituent cognitive processes, is the best choice.

Question 12

Both the planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus are in
A) the temporal lobe.
B) the frontal lobe.
C) primary olfactory cortex.
D) Wernicke's area.
E) Broca's area.

Accepted Answer

Both the planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus are located in the temporal lobe of the brain, specifically in the superior temporal gyrus. The planum temporale is involved in language processing, auditory perception, and music cognition, while Heschl's gyrus is responsible for processing auditory information.

Question 13

Left-hemisphere damage is more likely than right-hemisphere damage to be associated with
A) contralateral motor problems.
B) ipsilateral motor problems.
C) motor problems of the left hand.
D) both A and C
E) both B and C

Accepted Answer

This is a little known clinical fact.

Question 14

Although several average neuroanatomical asymmetries have been reported in the areas of the human neocortex that are thought to play important roles in language,there is no strong evidence that these anatomical asymmetries
A) occur in healthy people.
B) are related to the lateralization of language function in individuals.
C) occur in women.
D) occur in musicians.
E) occur in the left hemisphere.

Accepted Answer

The passage states that although average neuroanatomical asymmetries have been reported in the areas of the neocortex that are thought to play important roles in language, there is no strong evidence that these asymmetries are related to the lateralization of language function in individuals. Therefore, choice B is the best answer. Choices A, C, D, and E are all incorrect based on the information provided in the passage.

Question 15

A major difficulty in studying the asymmetry of the cortical language areas is
A) their boundaries are unclear.
B) they differ greatly from person to person.
C) that it is unclear how anatomical asymmetries are related to functional asymmetries.
D) all of the above
E) both A and C

Accepted Answer

The major difficulty in studying the asymmetry of the cortical language areas includes unclear boundaries, significant individual differences, and the unclear relationship between anatomical and functional asymmetries, making all of the provided options correct.

Question 16

The left planum temporale roughly corresponds to
A) Wernicke's area.
B) Broca's area.
C) the frontal operculum.
D) Heschl's gyrus.
E) primary auditory cortex.

Accepted Answer

The left planum temporale is located in the posterior part of the temporal lobe and is thought to correspond to Wernicke's area, which is important for language comprehension.

Question 17

Most people palpate with their
A) prefrontal cortex.
B) fingers.
C) right hemispheres.
D) visual cortex.
E) mouths open.

Accepted Answer

Palpation is a technique used to examine the body using touch by applying pressure with the fingers. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is B - fingers.

Question 18

Which of the following structures was found to be larger in the left hemisphere in about 65% of human brains?
A) Heschl's gyrus
B) planum temporale
C) frontal operculum
D) Broca's area
E) both C and D

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that the planum temporale, which is an area in the temporal lobe associated with language processing, is larger in the left hemisphere in about 65% of human brains. The other structures mentioned (Heschl's gyrus, frontal operculum, and Broca's area) are also involved in language processing, but their lateralization varies across individuals. Option E (both C and D) is not the correct answer because only option B (planum temporale) is consistently found to be larger in the left hemisphere.

Question 19

Kimura found that the __________ ear was better at identifying digits and the __________ ear was better at identifying melodies in the __________ test.
A) left; right; sodium amytal
B) right; left; dichotic listening
C) left; right; dichotic listening
D) right; left; sodium amytal
E) left; right; cross-cuing

Accepted Answer

The dichotic listening test, a technique used in psychology to investigate the differences in perception between the left and right ear, found that the right ear (which is connected to the left hemisphere of the brain) is better at processing verbal information like digits, while the left ear (connected to the right hemisphere) is better at processing non-verbal information like melodies.

Question 20

Broca's area roughly corresponds to
A) the left planum temporale.
B) the left frontal operculum.
C) the left Heschl's gyrus.
D) Wernicke's area.
E) the right frontal operculum.

Accepted Answer

Broca's area is located in the left frontal cortex, specifically in the left frontal operculum, which is involved in language production and speech formation. The other options listed are either not located in the frontal cortex or do not have a specific association with Broca's area.

Quiz 16: Lateralization, language, and the Split Brain

The left hemisphere plays a greater role in controlling the left hand than

The study of how left and right hemispheres differ in their approach to cognitive tasks has led to the concept of a left hemisphere

Evidence that the perception of music is lateralized comes from demonstrations that

The hypothetical neural mechanism in humans that continuously assesses patterns of events and tries to make sense of them is termed the

A structural MRI study found that the __________ in the left hemisphere in musicians with perfect pitch than it is in musicians without perfect pitch.

One theory of why lateralization of function evolved is that there are two fundamentally different modes of thinking,each requiring different neural circuitry.These two modes of thinking are referred to as

According to the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry,

According to the text,the main problem with the analytic-synthetic theory of cerebral asymmetry is its

With respect to cerebral lateralization of function,evidence clearly shows that

Heschl's gyrus is the location of the primary

As a result of mounting evidence that broad categories of cognitive function are not lateralized,research on the lateralization of function has started to focus on

Both the planum temporale and Heschl's gyrus are in

Left-hemisphere damage is more likely than right-hemisphere damage to be associated with

Although several average neuroanatomical asymmetries have been reported in the areas of the human neocortex that are thought to play important roles in language,there is no strong evidence that these anatomical asymmetries

A major difficulty in studying the asymmetry of the cortical language areas is

The left planum temporale roughly corresponds to

Most people palpate with their

Which of the following structures was found to be larger in the left hemisphere in about 65% of human brains?

Kimura found that the ear was better at identifying digits and the ear was better at identifying melodies in the __ test.

Broca's area roughly corresponds to