Question 1

Two-year-old Vanessa attempts to put her doll's jacket on herself.She then attempts to sit in her doll's highchair.Vanessa is displaying __________.

Accepted Answer

Vanessa is displaying scale errors, which is the tendency for young children to try to use objects that are too big or too small for them. This is evident in her attempts to put on her doll's jacket and sit in the doll's highchair. These actions show that Vanessa has not yet developed an accurate perception of the size and scale of objects in her environment.

Question 2

Between 12 and 18 months,toddlers first become capable of __________.

Accepted Answer

Compliance refers to a toddler's ability to follow simple rules and instructions from a caregiver. This is a significant milestone in their development as they begin to understand and follow basic social norms and expectations. Intermodal perception (A) and an internal working model (B) typically develop earlier, while goodness of fit (D) refers to how well a child's temperament and personality fit with their environment and is not a specific developmental milestone.

Question 3

Describe separation anxiety.When does it occur?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Define temperament.Describe the difficult child,according to Thomas and Chess.Why has the difficult pattern sparked the most research interest?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

What is the goodness-of-fit model? Explain the relationship between temperament and child rearing.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Which toddler would be most likely to display an earlier capacity to comply with adult requests?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that children from collectivist cultures, often found in non-Western, rural settings, tend to comply with adult requests at an earlier age compared to their counterparts in individualistic, Western cultures. This is due to the emphasis on communal values and interdependence. Rural Cameroon, representing a non-Western, collectivist culture, would likely foster these traits more so than the urban and Western contexts of Greece, Germany, and England.

Question 7

When anxious or unhappy,Baby Meredith prefers to be comforted by her mother.Tim,her father,is concerned that Meredith will not become attached to him.What information can you provide to reassure Tim?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

A researcher places a red dot on 2-year-old Raven's nose.When she looks into a mirror,she tries to rub the dot off of her nose rather than off of the mirror.This behavior indicates that she has developed __________.

Accepted Answer

Raven's attempt to rub the dot off her own nose instead of the mirror shows that she understands the reflection in the mirror is a representation of her own body. This is an indication that she has developed self-recognition, which is a key developmental milestone in the emergence of a sense of self. Choices A, B, and C do not relate to this specific behavior.

Question 9

Two-year-old Annmarie tells her mom,"I a good girl." This statement demonstrates that Annmarie is beginning to develop __________.

Accepted Answer

Annmarie's statement "I a good girl" reflects her understanding of herself as a separate individual with distinct characteristics and attributes, which is the beginning of developing a categorical self. This refers to children's developing awareness of themselves as individuals who can be categorized based on their physical and psychological characteristics. Empathy, self-conscious emotions, and scale errors are not demonstrated in this statement.

Question 10

Define social referencing.How do babies use it to guide their actions and gather information about the emotions of others?

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

Describe the development of explicit self-awareness.Include discussion of the concepts of self-recognition and scale errors.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 6: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood