Question 1

Which statement about adolescent moodiness is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that mood swings in younger adolescents are strongly related to situational changes, such as transitioning between classes or being around peers. As adolescents get older, their moods become more stable and less reactive to situational changes. Options A, C, and D do not have sufficient evidence to support them.

Question 2

Western adolescents __________.

Accepted Answer

The statement "are granted partial adult status at many different ages" accurately reflects the diversity in Western cultures regarding the age at which adolescents are considered partial adults, such as being able to vote, drive, or drink. The other choices are not accurate as there is no formal recognition of moving from adolescence to adulthood, and initiation ceremonies are not common in Western cultures.

Question 3

Both adults and peers view Randy as relaxed,independent,and physically attractive.Both groups view Maria as physically attractive,lively,and sociable.Which statement is likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

Randy is viewed as independent and relaxed, which are traits associated with early maturation in boys. Maria is viewed as sociable and lively, which are traits associated with late maturation in girls. Thus, it is likely that Randy is an early-maturing boy, and Maria is a late-maturing girl. Both of them are viewed as physically attractive, which is a trait independent of maturation.

Question 4

One of the most common nutritional problems of adolescence is __________ deficiency.

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems among adolescents, particularly among females due to their menstrual cycle. Iron is essential for the growth and development of the body, and a deficiency can lead to anemia, fatigue, weakness, and decreased cognitive function. It is important for adolescents to consume iron-rich foods such as red meat, poultry, fish, beans, nuts, and fortified cereals to meet their daily requirements.

Question 5

Ceremonies such as the Jewish bar or bat mitzvah and the quinceañera in Hispanic communities resemble the initiation ceremonies of many tribal and village societies,but they __________.

Accepted Answer

Although these ceremonies resemble initiation ceremonies of tribal and village societies, they do not mark a significant change in social status in the larger society. The young person may gain privileges within their family or community, but they do not gain any legal or political rights.

Question 6

Follow-up research reveals that __________-maturing __________,especially,are at risk for lasting difficulties.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Follow-up research reveals that __________-maturing __________,especially,are at...

Question 7

Early-maturing European-American girls tend to report a __________.

Accepted Answer

Early-maturing European-American girls often report a less positive body image than their on-time agemates, likely due to the physical changes and societal pressures that come with early puberty.

Question 8

Jason,a late-maturing boy,is likely to __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jason,a late-maturing boy,is likely to __________.
...

Question 9

Disturbed eating is highest in __________.

Accepted Answer

Disturbed eating is most prevalent in Western nations, which typically have a culture that idealizes thinness and places a high value on appearance. Research suggests that rates of disturbed eating are also increasing globally, particularly in developing countries that are adopting Westernized ideals of beauty and thinness.

Question 10

Virtually all __________ know about __________ ahead of time,but many say that no one spoke to them before or during puberty about physical changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Virtually all __________ know about __________ ahead...

Question 11

__________ is strongly associated with greater intake of fruits,vegetables,grains,and calcium-rich foods.

Accepted Answer

The frequency of family meals is strongly associated with greater intake of fruits, vegetables, grains, and calcium-rich foods. This is because having regular family meals promotes a healthy eating pattern and allows for the opportunity to model and encourage healthy eating habits. It also creates a supportive and positive environment for making healthier food choices.

Question 12

Sleep-deprived adolescents __________.

Accepted Answer

Sleep deprivation in adolescents is associated with increased levels of anxiety and irritability. They may also experience changes in mood, behavior, and cognitive performance. Although they can try to catch up on missed sleep later, it is not as effective as getting enough sleep on a regular basis. Studies have shown that sleep-deprived adolescents are more likely to engage in high-risk behaviors, such as drug use and reckless driving, rather than being less likely. Executive function, such as decision making and impulse control, can also be impaired by sleep deprivation.

Question 13

In the United States and a few European countries,__________ are responsible for a modest,continuing trend toward earlier menarche.

Accepted Answer

The soaring rates of overweight and obesity in the United States and a few European countries are responsible for a modest, continuing trend toward earlier menarche. This is because adipose tissue produces estrogen, which can cause early onset of menstruation. Increased rates of infectious disease (A) and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia (C) may contribute to delayed or irregular menstruation rather than earlier onset. Lack of standardized healthcare and high poverty rates (D) may contribute to poor reproductive health outcomes but are unlikely to directly cause earlier menarche.

Question 14

Early-maturing adolescents of both sexes __________.

Accepted Answer

Early-maturing adolescents of both sexes often seek out older companions, as they may feel misunderstood by their same-age peers who have not yet experienced the same physical changes.

Question 15

fMRI evidence reveals that adolescents __________ than adults do.

Accepted Answer

The question asks what adolescents do less effectively compared to adults, and the fMRI evidence suggests that they recruit the prefrontal cortex's network of connections with other brain areas less effectively.

Question 16

Ann-Marie is having frequent disagreements with her teenage daughter.You can let her know that by late adolescence,__________.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that by late adolescence, only a small minority of families experience continuing friction. While conflicts may still occur, overall communication tends to improve and relationships become more positive during this time.

Question 17

Which statement about parent‒child relationships in adolescence is true?

Accepted Answer

Psychological distancing during adolescence serves as a modern mechanism for establishing independence, substituting for the historical trend where young individuals would physically leave their families around puberty to start their own independent lives. This process reflects the adolescent's natural progression towards autonomy and self-identity, fitting within the context of contemporary family dynamics and societal structures.

Question 18

Sixteen-year-old Manuel is going to bed later and later because of increased neural sensitivity to evening light.Manuel's parents should know that he needs about __________ hours of sleep per night.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Sleep Foundation's recommendations, teenagers between 14-17 years old need 8-10 hours of sleep per night, on average. Therefore, Manuel needs about 9 hours of sleep per night.

Question 19

Which statement about the onset of puberty is true?

Accepted Answer

Boys typically receive less social support than girls regarding puberty changes, as societal norms often discourage open discussions about male puberty, while conversations about female puberty are more encouraged and supported.

Question 20

Which teenage boy is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely?

Accepted Answer

Maurice is the most likely to feel profoundly lonely because he is the only one who spends a weekend night at home, indicating that he may not have many social connections or activities to engage in outside of his home. The others are all actively participating in social or extracurricular activities, which may provide them with a sense of belonging and prevent feelings of loneliness.

Quiz 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence