Question 1

SCENARIO 2-2 You are on a team with two individuals who are giving you trouble.The work has been divided among the three of you, and each time your team meets Janet and Jim disagree about the progress that the team has made on the project.Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because some information is still not available to him because Janet has not completed some of her work according to the schedule she agreed to.The truth seems to be that Janet is not doing her part of the work.
You have decided after consultation with your manager that the problem between Janet and Jim must be solved; somehow Janet must be made aware of the impact of her work not being completed within the required timeline.In order to resolve the situation and maintain as much objectivity as possible, you want to create a response that avoids

Accepted Answer

Selective perception and stereotyping can lead to biased judgments and hinder objective problem-solving. Avoiding these will help maintain objectivity in addressing the issue.

Question 2

SCENARIO 2-3 Students in your class are making their oral presentations in front of the entire class.This oral presentation is the final part of a project that students have been working on for the past few months.You know from courses you have taken and from discussions with peers that there are perception shortcuts used when judging others.You are now wondering if your instructor will use any of these.
You have heard that the instructor believes men perform better in oral presentations than women.If this is true, the instructor's perception shortcut is

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping is the perception shortcut where individuals make assumptions about individuals or groups based on their membership in a certain category. In this scenario, the instructor's belief that men perform better in oral presentations than women is an example of stereotyping based on gender.

Question 3

The perception shortcut that involves evaluation of a person based on how they compare to other individuals recently encountered.

Accepted Answer

Contrast effects are the perception shortcut that involves evaluation of a person based on how they compare to other individuals recently encountered. This can lead to skewed evaluations as the person is being judged in comparison to others, rather than evaluated on their own merits.

Question 4

________ generally starts with stereotypes and then has a negative emotional content added.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice involves the formation of negative attitudes and beliefs towards a group of people based on preconceived notions or stereotypes. It often includes emotional reactions, such as anger or fear, towards the group.

Question 5

When Carrie drove up in her new car, Ken told her that she had made a mistake.Even though the car was very sporty, easy on gas, and had lots of trunk space, he ignored these attributes and told her it would need to be repaired frequently.He said this because he had previously owned the same car, and that was his experience.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of selective perception, where Ken is only perceiving and focusing on the negative aspects of the car due to his past experience and ignoring the positive attributes of the car.

Question 6

SCENARIO 2-3 Students in your class are making their oral presentations in front of the entire class.This oral presentation is the final part of a project that students have been working on for the past few months.You know from courses you have taken and from discussions with peers that there are perception shortcuts used when judging others.You are now wondering if your instructor will use any of these.
Allison has just completed a very good presentation.You are afraid that the ________ will operate and you will be perceived less favorably than if you had presented before her.

Accepted Answer

The contrast effect occurs when the evaluation of one person is influenced by comparisons with others, leading to a less favorable perception if following a strong performance.

Question 7

SCENARIO 2-2 You are on a team with two individuals who are giving you trouble.The work has been divided among the three of you, and each time your team meets Janet and Jim disagree about the progress that the team has made on the project.Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because some information is still not available to him because Janet has not completed some of her work according to the schedule she agreed to.The truth seems to be that Janet is not doing her part of the work.
You might attempt to understand Janet and Jim by using ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

Attribution theory attempts to understand the behavior of others by analyzing the reasons for their actions. In this scenario, Janet is attributing Jim's lack of progress to laziness rather than considering other factors such as incomplete information. Understanding this attribution can help the team address the real issue, which is that Janet is not completing her work on schedule.

Question 8

SCENARIO 2-3 Students in your class are making their oral presentations in front of the entire class.This oral presentation is the final part of a project that students have been working on for the past few months.You know from courses you have taken and from discussions with peers that there are perception shortcuts used when judging others.You are now wondering if your instructor will use any of these.
Jennifer has previously made two excellent presentations.The one she completed today is not as good as her first two, yet she still receives the same high grade.Which statement best explains the perception error the instructor may have made when evaluating Jennifer

Accepted Answer

The halo effect is operating when a person's overall evaluation of another is based on one trait or characteristic. In this scenario, the instructor may be giving Jennifer a high grade based on her previous excellent presentations without considering the quality of her current presentation.

Question 9

The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behaviour of others is known as

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute others' behaviour to internal, personal factors rather than external factors. This means that people tend to overemphasize the role that someone's personality or character plays in their actions, and underestimate the impact of situational or environmental factors.

Question 10

SCENARIO 2-2 You are on a team with two individuals who are giving you trouble.The work has been divided among the three of you, and each time your team meets Janet and Jim disagree about the progress that the team has made on the project.Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because some information is still not available to him because Janet has not completed some of her work according to the schedule she agreed to.The truth seems to be that Janet is not doing her part of the work.
Janet seems to be guilty of

Accepted Answer

Janet is committing the fundamental attribution error by attributing Jim's lack of progress solely to his personality (laziness) instead of considering external factors such as incomplete work from her end that might be affecting his progress.

Question 11

Sidney generally had a negative view of life, and felt that everyone else he worked with had a similar view.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Projection is when someone attributes their own thoughts, feelings, or attitudes to others. Sidney assumes his coworkers share his negative view, which is an example of projection.

Question 12

Sally is normally a very calm and composed manager, but the other day she raised her voice on the telephone.Her staff heard her angry tone, and were trying to figure out what caused her to be upset.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This situation describes attribution theory, which is the process of interpreting and explaining the causes of people's behavior. Sally's staff are trying to understand the reason for her change in behavior and are likely making internal attributions (e.g. Sally must be upset because of something related to work) or external attributions (e.g. Sally must be upset because of something unrelated to work, such as personal issues). None of the other answer choices apply to this scenario.

Question 13

Because Northern Beverages wants to expand and grow, the HR Manager knows she needs to hire an individual who is highly skilled in business strategy.She believes that university graduates who participated extensively in athletics are ambitious and hard working, compared to university students who did not.When she interviews university grads that were athletes, she is likely to engage in:

Accepted Answer

The HR Manager is using a stereotype by assuming that all university graduates who participated in athletics are ambitious and hardworking, which is an overgeneralization and can lead to bias in the hiring process. It is important to evaluate each candidate based on their individual qualifications and experiences rather than making assumptions based on a stereotype.

Question 14

The tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors while putting the blame for failures on external factors is called

Accepted Answer

The tendency described in the question is known as self-serving bias, which means people take credit for their successes and blame external factors for their failures. This bias protects our self-esteem and ego. Thus, the best choice is D - self-serving bias.

Question 15

The unfounded belief that younger workers are more appealing than older workers is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of The unfounded belief that younger workers are...

Question 16

SCENARIO 2-2 You are on a team with two individuals who are giving you trouble.The work has been divided among the three of you, and each time your team meets Janet and Jim disagree about the progress that the team has made on the project.Janet is convinced that Jim's lack of progress is because he is inherently lazy and not because some information is still not available to him because Janet has not completed some of her work according to the schedule she agreed to.The truth seems to be that Janet is not doing her part of the work.
Janet may be attributing to Jim some of her own characteristics.She might exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Janet is projecting her own laziness onto Jim, instead of recognizing her own lack of progress on the project. Projection is a defense mechanism that involves attributing one's own thoughts, feelings, or characteristics to someone else.

Question 17

When a person stereotypes another person, the individual is making generalizations based upon

Accepted Answer

Stereotyping involves making assumptions about an individual based on the group to which they belong. It is a form of generalization that may not accurately reflect the individual's unique characteristics or experiences.

Question 18

When a fire truck's siren was heard, everyone ran to the window to see what was happening.That everyone responded in the same way is an example of which aspect of Attribution Theory

Accepted Answer

Consensus refers to whether or not other people would respond in the same way to a particular situation. In this case, everyone running to the window suggests high consensus, as everyone in the situation responded in the same way to the sound of the fire truck's siren.

Question 19

John usually responds positively when asked to do something, but recently his boss has noticed that he was does not seem as enthusiastic and positive when requests are made of him.Which aspect of Attribution Theory does this observation relate to

Accepted Answer

This observation relates to the consistency aspect of Attribution Theory, which refers to whether the behavior is consistent over time. In this case, John's behavior is not consistent with his usual positive response to requests, which is why his boss has noticed a change.

Question 20

Terry is such a good communicator that others assume that she is very competent at her job.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of the halo effect, where a positive impression in one area causes a positive bias towards the individual's abilities in other areas. In this case, Terry's communication skills are positively affecting others' perceptions of her job competence.

Quiz 2: Perception Personality and Emotions