Question 1

The term "stir crazy" grew out of the experiences of many inmates during which prison era?
A) Community based era
B) Just Deserts era
C) The warehousing era
D) The punitive era

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

The Warehousing Era is a correctional model intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts sentenced to confinement.

Accepted Answer

The Warehousing Era refers to a period in correctional philosophy where the focus was on mass incarceration and holding inmates in confinement without significant emphasis on rehabilitation, education, or labor.

Question 3

__________ is an imprisonment strategy that is based on the desire to prevent recurrent crime and that has abandoned all hope of rehabilitation.
A) warehousing
B) nothing works doctrine
C) punitive model
D) just deserts

Accepted Answer

Warehousing is an imprisonment strategy that focuses on keeping offenders locked up for extended periods with the goal of preventing recurring crime. It is often associated with the belief that rehabilitating offenders is not possible and that long-term incarceration is the only viable option. The nothing works doctrine and punitive model also emphasize punishment over rehabilitation but may not necessarily have abandoned all hope of rehabilitation. Just deserts is a sentencing philosophy that focuses on giving offenders the punishment they deserve based on the severity of their crime, rather than on preventing future crime.

Question 4

The Auburn system of imprisonment became popular during which prison era?
A) community-based
B) punitive
C) mass prison
D) penitentiary

Accepted Answer

The Auburn system, characterized by congregate labor during the day and solitary confinement at night, became popular during the mass prison era.

Question 5

Selective incapacitation is a strategy used by some states to reduce prison populations.

Accepted Answer

Selective incapacitation involves identifying individuals who are deemed to pose the greatest risk to society and focusing resources on incarcerating them for longer periods of time, while diverting low-risk offenders to alternative forms of punishment or rehabilitation. This approach is intended to reduce overall prison populations while still prioritizing public safety.

Question 6

According to the text the largest growing population of jail inmates is:
A) Women
B) Hispanics
C) African-Americans
D) Asians

Accepted Answer

Women have been identified as the fastest-growing segment of the jail population over the past few decades. This trend is attributed to various factors, including changes in law enforcement practices, increased criminalization of drug-related activities, and systemic issues that disproportionately affect women, such as poverty and domestic violence.

Question 7

The Just Deserts philosophy has led to substantial and continued increases in the American prison population.

Accepted Answer

The Just Deserts philosophy advocates for harsh punishments that fit the crime committed, which has led to longer sentences and mandatory minimums in many states. As a result, the American prison population has increased dramatically in recent decades.

Question 8

The California Department of Corrections had an unwritten policy of racially segregating prisoners in order to prevent racial violence.In 2005 the U.S.Supreme Court reviewed that policy and held that it:
A) was acceptable because it was in the prisoner's best interest.
B) violated the 8th Amendment.
C) was acceptable because it served a compelling state interest.
D) was unconstitutional.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court held in 2005 that the unwritten policy of racially segregating prisoners violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment and was therefore unconstitutional.

Question 9

Which early prison system was heralded as the one that was humane and provided inmates with the opportunity for rehabilitation?
A) The Massachusetts system
B) The Pennsylvania system
C) The Irish system
D) The Elmira system

Accepted Answer

The Pennsylvania system, also known as the separate system, was heralded as the one that was humane and provided inmates with the opportunity for rehabilitation. This system encouraged solitary confinement and reflection in order to reform inmates' behavior.

Question 10

Lex Talionis is also known as:
A) The law of retaliation
B) The law of exile
C) The law of talent
D) The law of rated capacity

Accepted Answer

Lex Talionis is a Latin phrase that means "law of retaliation". This law, also known as the principle of an eye for an eye, allows punishment to fit the crime committed.

Question 11

___________ is most noted as the originator of what we know as today's early release program.
A) Sir Walter Crofton
B) Captain Alexander Maconochie
C) Zebulon Brockway
D) Robert Martinson

Accepted Answer

Captain Alexander Maconochie is most noted as the originator of what we know as today's early release program, which he called a "ticket-of-leave" system, while serving as the governor of the Norfolk Island penal settlement in the 1840s. He believed in rehabilitation and introduced a system of marks for prisoners to earn early release based on their behavior and participation in work and education programs.

Question 12

Historically,the most widely used of physical punishments was flogging.

Accepted Answer

Flogging, or whipping, has been a common form of physical punishment throughout history in many cultures and societies. It was used as a way to discipline or punish criminals, slaves, and other individuals deemed to have violated social norms or laws.

Question 13

How many security levels are there in the federal prison system?
A) four
B) two
C) five
D) three

Accepted Answer

The federal prison system in the United States has five security levels: minimum, low, medium, high, and administrative.

Question 14

A private prison:
A) is a prison for terrorists that does not reveal the prisoners' identities.
B) is operated by a private firm on behalf of government.
C) house no more than 50 prisoners.
D) houses military prisoners

Accepted Answer

A private prison is a facility that is owned and operated by a private company, but is contracted and funded by a government agency to house inmates. These companies are responsible for providing all aspects of the prison's management, including staffing, food, healthcare, and security. Private prisons are controversial because critics argue that they prioritize profits over inmate rehabilitation and safety.

Question 15

Work release is representative of which era in the development of U.S.prisons?
A) The reform era
B) The treatment era
C) The just deserts era
D) The community based era

Accepted Answer

Work release is a characteristic of the community-based era, which focuses on reintegrating the offender into the community through various programs, including work release, halfway houses, and other community-centered initiatives. This era emphasizes rehabilitation and the smooth transition of inmates back into society.

Question 16

ADMAX or Administrative maximum is the term used by the federal government to denote:
A) prisons for white collar criminals.
B) maximum security prisons for females.
C) prisons for offenders who have violated administrative law.
D) ultra-high-security prisons.

Accepted Answer

ADMAX refers to ultra-high-security prisons also known as supermax facilities. These are designed to hold the most dangerous and violent criminals and maintain the highest level of security.

Question 17

_____________ are jails that are built and run using the combine resources of a variety of local jurisdictions.
A) Regional Jails
B) Privately run jails
C) Direct supervision jails
D) Female jails

Accepted Answer

Regional Jails are built and managed with funds from multiple local jurisdictions. They house inmates from various jurisdictions in a particular geographic region.

Question 18

The stocks and the pillory are examples of what type of punishment?
A) exile
B) branding
C) public humiliation
D) flogging

Accepted Answer

The stocks and the pillory were forms of public humiliation where the offender would be locked into a device and left on display in public for hours or days at a time, with people free to hurl insults or objects at them.

Question 19

Physical barriers in direct-supervision jails are far more common than in traditional jails.

Accepted Answer

In direct-supervision jails, the emphasis is on open floor plans and fewer physical barriers, allowing staff to interact more directly with inmates, unlike traditional jails which rely more on physical barriers for control and separation.

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of jails?
A) hold inmates who have been sentenced to long periods of incarceration
B) operated by the state police
C) hold 44% female inmates
D) hold suspects following arrest and pending trial

Accepted Answer

Jails typically hold suspects who have been arrested and are awaiting trial or sentencing, as well as those who have been sentenced to short-term incarceration (usually less than one year). They are operated at the local level, not by state police. While the percentage of female inmates in jails may vary by jurisdiction, it is not a defining characteristic of jails. Holding inmates who have been sentenced to long periods of incarceration is more commonly associated with prisons.

Quiz 13: Prisons and Jails

The term "stir crazy" grew out of the experiences of many inmates during which prison era?

The Warehousing Era is a correctional model intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts sentenced to confinement.

__________ is an imprisonment strategy that is based on the desire to prevent recurrent crime and that has abandoned all hope of rehabilitation.

The Auburn system of imprisonment became popular during which prison era?

Selective incapacitation is a strategy used by some states to reduce prison populations.

According to the text the largest growing population of jail inmates is:

The Just Deserts philosophy has led to substantial and continued increases in the American prison population.

The California Department of Corrections had an unwritten policy of racially segregating prisoners in order to prevent racial violence.In 2005 the U.S.Supreme Court reviewed that policy and held that it:

Which early prison system was heralded as the one that was humane and provided inmates with the opportunity for rehabilitation?

Lex Talionis is also known as:

___________ is most noted as the originator of what we know as today's early release program.

Historically,the most widely used of physical punishments was flogging.

How many security levels are there in the federal prison system?

A private prison:

Work release is representative of which era in the development of U.S.prisons?

ADMAX or Administrative maximum is the term used by the federal government to denote:

_____________ are jails that are built and run using the combine resources of a variety of local jurisdictions.

The stocks and the pillory are examples of what type of punishment?

Physical barriers in direct-supervision jails are far more common than in traditional jails.

Which of the following is a characteristic of jails?