Question 1

Triglycerides are composed of

Accepted Answer

A triglyceride is composed of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol base.

Question 2

The recommended total calories provided by fat in an 1800 calorie diet would be

Accepted Answer

It is recommended that no more than 20% to 35% of total calories come from fat.In an 1800 calorie diet: 1800 x .20 = 360 calories.1800 x .35 = 630 calories.

Question 3

Most fatty acids in plant foods are

Accepted Answer

Plant foods are mostly composed of unsaturated fats.However,tropical oils such as palm,palm kernel,and coconut as well as hydrogenated oils are composed of saturated fats.

Question 4

An example of a food that contains a high level of saturated fatty acids is

Accepted Answer

Saturated fats are commonly found in animal products.Unsaturated and monounsaturated fats are mostly derived from plant sources.However,tropical oils such as coconut and palm oils as well as hydrogenated oils are saturated.

Question 5

A patient is concerned with her weight.Her energy intake is calculated to be 1600 calories.Intake records reveal that her fat intake for the past month has been 120 calories or less per day.The appropriate intervention would be to

Accepted Answer

An essential fatty acid is one that is essential for the body; its absence will create a specific deficiency.The body cannot manufacture essential fatty acids and must obtain them from the diet.

Question 6

Factors that increase the risk of heart disease include

Accepted Answer

Heart disease is a leading cause of death in developed countries.Various risk
factors are associated with heart disease,including excess dietary fat,especially saturated fat and cholesterol,along with obesity,diabetes,elevated blood fats,and elevated blood pressure.Additional lifestyle factors include smoking,stress,and lack of exercise.

Question 7

The functions of fat in the body include

Accepted Answer

In the body,fat around vital organs and under the skin provides insulation and helps regulate body temperature; fat is also a component of cell membrane structure.

Question 8

The best food choice to provide linolenic acid is

Accepted Answer

Linolenic acid is primarily found in soybean,canola,and flaxseed oil.

Question 9

The body needs linoleic acid for

Accepted Answer

The body needs linoleic acid for functions related to tissue strength,cholesterol metabolism,muscle tone,blood clotting,and heart action.

Question 10

The chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid is the

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated depending on whether they are filled with hydrogen.A fatty acid that is not completely filled with all the hydrogen it can hold is unsaturated; the structure of a saturated fatty acid is completely filled with all the hydrogen bonds it can hold.

Question 11

An example of a food that does not contain cholesterol is

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol is a substance that naturally occurs in all animal foods but not in plant foods.

Question 12

A change brought about as the result of hydrogenation is

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation is the process of introducing hydrogen into the fat molecule; liquid fats such as vegetable oil are made into solids such as margarine and shortening in this manner.

Question 13

The process of adding hydrogen to fatty acids is called

Accepted Answer

Hydrogenation is the process of introducing hydrogen into the fat molecule; this makes the fat more saturated.

Question 14

Cholesterol is synthesized by the body mainly in the

Accepted Answer

Endogenous cholesterol is synthesized in many body tissues,particularly the liver.Small amounts are synthesized in the adrenal cortex,skin,intestines,testes,and ovaries.

Question 15

After a dietary assessment is completed,it reveals that a client consumes 50% of daily calories from fat.This amount of fat places the client at risk for

Accepted Answer

According to the Dietary Reference Intakes,no more than 20% to 35% of total calories should come from fat.Excess fat intakes places a person at risk for health problems,including obesity,elevated blood fats,and diabetes.

Question 16

An example of a food that contains hidden fats is

Accepted Answer

Even when all the visible fat has been removed from meat,approximately 6% of the total fat that surrounds the muscle fibers remains.

Question 17

Of the following fats,the one that is least saturated is

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats listed in order of degree of unsaturation are safflower,corn,cottonseed,and soybean.

Question 18

An element not found in triglycerides is

Accepted Answer

Carbon,hydrogen,and oxygen make up fat,whereas nitrogen is found as part of the protein molecule.

Question 19

The number of kilocalories from fat in a meal that contains 35 g fat is

Accepted Answer

Fat contains 9 kcal/g,so 35 g × 9 kcal/g = 315 kcal.

Question 20

The substances that serve as the major vehicles for fat transport in the bloodstream are

Accepted Answer

After absorption,monoglycerides and fatty acids are reformed into triglycerides,which are then packaged into lipoproteins called chylomicrons.Chylomicrons are made of triglycerides,cholesterol,phospholipids,and proteins,and allow fatty substances to enter the circulation.

Quiz 3: Fats