Question 1

A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors.These lists,which would be used to evaluate all instructors,are an example of a (an):

Accepted Answer

The lists of characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors are an example of an ideal type, which is a concept developed by Max Weber in sociology. An ideal type is a construct or model used by sociologists to evaluate social phenomena. In this case, the ideal type is a model of the perfect and worst instructor, which can be used to assess the actual instructors in a given context. A typology is a classification scheme used to categorize social phenomena, Verstehen is an interpretive understanding of social phenomena, and a hypothesis is a tentative explanation of a phenomenon that needs to be tested through research.

Question 2

An ideal type is:

Accepted Answer

An ideal type is a construct or model that serves as a standard against which actual cases can be evaluated. It is used in social science research as a measuring rod to compare and contrast different social phenomena. The concept was developed by Max Weber to help understand social phenomena by creating an abstract model that captures the essential features of the phenomenon being studied.

Question 3

In Karl Marx's analysis,society was fundamentally divided between:

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx believed in a class struggle where society was divided between the bourgeoisie (the capitalist class) and the proletariat (the working class). He argued that the bourgeoisie exploited the proletariat for their own economic gain, and therefore there was a constant struggle between the two classes. Marx believed that this struggle would eventually lead to a revolution where the working class would overthrow the capitalist system and establish a communist society.

Question 4

Which of the following was a central focus for Charles Horton Cooley?

Accepted Answer

Charles Horton Cooley's central focus was on intimate face-to-face groups and their impact on society. He developed the concept of the "looking-glass self," which suggests that individuals' self-esteem and self-concept are strongly influenced by how they perceive others perceive them in small face-to-face groups.

Question 5

Although some of the early sociologists saw themselves as social reformers,by the middle of the twentieth century,the focus of the discipline of sociology had shifted to:

Accepted Answer

By the middle of the twentieth century, the discipline of sociology had primarily shifted its focus to theorizing and gathering information, rather than social reform or advocacy for specific causes. This is evidenced by the influential works of sociologists such as Talcott Parsons and Robert Merton, who emphasized the development of theoretical frameworks and empirical research methods. While some sociologists continue to engage in applied sociology, the dominant trend in the field has been towards a more abstract and scientific approach.

Question 6

What term do we use to describe the experience of being Black in White America; a division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities?

Accepted Answer

Double consciousness, a term coined by W.E.B. Du Bois, refers to the experience of being Black in White America and the division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities. It is the idea that African Americans must navigate their own cultural identity while constantly being aware of how they are perceived by the dominant white culture. This can create a sense of tension and conflict within the individual, leading to a constant struggle to reconcile their own sense of self with the expectations and stereotypes placed upon them by society.

Question 7

Marx viewed the relationship between the capitalists and the exploited workers in systemic terms; that is,he believed that a system of _____________ relationships maintained the power and dominance of the owners over the workers.

Accepted Answer

Marx believed that the relationship between capitalists and workers was maintained through a combination of economic, political, and social relationships, all of which worked together to uphold the power and dominance of the owners over the workers.

Question 8

Early female sociologists such as Jane Addams were often active in poor urban areas as leaders of community centers known as:

Accepted Answer

Jane Addams was most notably associated with the Hull House settlement house in Chicago, which provided education, healthcare, and social services to impoverished residents of the city. Other early female sociologists, such as Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Mary Parker Follett, also worked in similar community centers as part of their research and advocacy for social reform.

Question 9

In The Communist Manifesto,Marx argued that the working class must:

Accepted Answer

Marx believed that the working class, who he referred to as the proletariat, should overthrow the capitalist system, which he viewed as exploitative and oppressive. He argued that only through revolution and the establishment of a socialist society could the working class achieve true equality and freedom. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. The other options are incorrect as they go against Marx's central tenets and beliefs.

Question 10

For W.E.B.Du Bois,which of the following was considered essential in combating prejudice and achieving tolerance and justice?

Accepted Answer

Du Bois believed that knowledge was essential in combatting prejudice and achieving tolerance and justice. He advocated for education and the dissemination of information as a means to challenge discriminatory beliefs and practices. While statistics and surveys are important tools in gathering information, they are not necessarily effective on their own in combatting prejudice. Common sense may also play a role, but it is not as concrete and reliable as knowledge gained through education and research.

Question 11

A construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated is called a (an):

Accepted Answer

An ideal type is a construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. It is used in social science research as a tool for comparing and analyzing different cases or phenomena. Ideal types are not intended to represent a perfect or complete representation of reality, but rather as a framework for understanding and categorizing complex social phenomena. Therefore, option A is the most appropriate answer to this question.

Question 12

W.E.B.Du Bois conducted important social research on the lives of African Americans in which of the following cities?

Accepted Answer

W.E.B. Du Bois conducted his famous study "The Philadelphia Negro" in 1896, which was one of the first sociological studies focused on the experiences of African Americans in a large urban city.

Question 13

_______________ stresses the study of small groups and often uses experimental study in laboratories.

Accepted Answer

The description matches microsociology, which focuses on the study of small groups and often uses experimental study in laboratories.

Question 14

Which of the following sociologists advocated basic research on the lives of Blacks?

Accepted Answer

W.E.B. Du Bois was a prominent sociologist who advocated for basic research on the lives of Blacks. He is best known for his book "The Souls of Black Folk" which provides a sociological analysis of the experiences of Black Americans.

Question 15

In 1909,W.E.B.Du Bois helped found which of these organizations?

Accepted Answer

W.E.B. Du Bois helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.

Question 16

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels said,"the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.[...] The _______________ have nothing to lose but their chains.They have a world to win.WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES UNITE!"

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were writing about the class struggle between the bourgeoisie (wealthy capitalists) and the proletariat (working class). In this quote, they are addressing the working class and urging them to unite and overthrow their oppressors. Therefore, the correct answer is B) proletarians.

Question 17

The concept of verstehen was introduced into sociology by:

Accepted Answer

The concept of verstehen was introduced into sociology by Max Weber. Verstehen refers to understanding social behavior from the perspective of those who are experiencing it, and it emphasizes the importance of subjective meanings and interpretations in shaping social action. Weber believed that social scientists needed to use both verstehen and scientific methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of social phenomena.

Question 18

A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs)to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level.This sociologist is employing:

Accepted Answer

Verstehen is a sociological method that involves empathetically understanding the subjective experiences of individuals to gain insight into their behavior and attitudes. The sociologist in this scenario is using this method to understand the experiences and feelings of CEOs in high-pressure corporate environments. A and B are not applicable to this scenario, and D is not a sociological method.

Question 19

Sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations are defined as:

Accepted Answer

Macrosociology is the term used for sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations. Microsociology, on the other hand, focuses on smaller groups and individual interactions. Interactionism is a theoretical perspective within sociology, and dramaturgy is a theoretical perspective that focuses on social interactions as akin to a theater performance. Therefore, only option C is the correct answer.

Question 20

Which sociologist made an important contribution to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research?

Accepted Answer

Robert Merton made a significant contribution to sociology by successfully combining theory and research. He is famous for his development of the theory of social structure and anomie, which describes the disjunction between socially approved goals and the availability of legitimate means to achieve them. Merton's work involves a blend of theoretical perspectives and empirical data analysis, emphasizing the importance of both in advancing the discipline of sociology.

Quiz 1: Understanding Sociology

A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors.These lists,which would be used to evaluate all instructors,are an example of a (an) :