Question 1

Having a grandmother who sits on the board of trustees for your college is an example of social capital.

Accepted Answer

Social capital refers to the resources and benefits that come from one's social networks and relationships. In this case, having a grandmother who sits on the board of trustees for your college can provide access to opportunities and resources that may not be available to others without such a connection, thus demonstrating social capital.

Question 2

Harriet Martineau and IdaB.Wells prevented the implementation of a racial segregation policy in the Chicago public school system in the early 1900s and helped to establish settlement houses in that city.

Accepted Answer

Harriet Martineau and Ida B. Wells were both prominent figures in social reform, but Martineau's work primarily focused on sociology and the abolition of slavery during the 19th century, while Ida B. Wells was an African American journalist and activist who led an anti-lynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s. The efforts to prevent the implementation of a racial segregation policy in the Chicago public school system and the establishment of settlement houses in Chicago were not directly attributed to them.

Question 3

An effective sociological theory may have both explanatory and predictive power.

Accepted Answer

An effective sociological theory should have both explanatory power, meaning it should be able to explain why certain social phenomena occur, and predictive power, meaning it should be able to make accurate predictions about future social behavior or events.

Question 4

In the middle of the twentieth century,the focus of sociology shifted from theorizing and information gathering to a more active interest in transforming society.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Herbert Spencer and W.E.B.Du Bois shared the same perspective when it came to sociological theory.

Accepted Answer

Herbert Spencer and W.E.B. Du Bois had very different perspectives on sociological theory. Spencer believed in Social Darwinism, which stated that societies and individuals developed and evolved in a similar way to biological organisms. Du Bois, on the other hand, believed in the importance of studying race and ethnicity in understanding social dynamics and inequalities.

Question 6

Explain what W.E.B.Du Bois meant by his term "double consciousness." Does a white person have this consciousness? What consequences would such a consciousness have on "the self"?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Describe the similarities and differences between conflict theory and the feminist perspective.

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

Despite their differences,functionalists,conflict theorists,and interactionists would all agree that there is much more to sports than exercise or recreation.

Accepted Answer

Despite their differing perspectives, all three theoretical frameworks recognize that sports play an important role in society and involve social dynamics beyond just physical activity.

Question 9

Karl Marx saw the factory as the center of conflict between society's exploiters and its exploited masses.

Accepted Answer

Marx believed that the capitalist factory system created a class struggle between the owners of the means of production (the bourgeoisie) and the workers who were forced to sell their labor for wages (the proletariat). The factory represented the power and control of the bourgeoisie over the labor of the proletariat, leading to exploitation and alienation.

Question 10

Herbert Spencer suggested that sociologists should be highly critical of the status quo and should work actively for social change.

Accepted Answer

Herbert Spencer was a proponent of social Darwinism and believed in the idea of the "survival of the fittest," suggesting that society naturally evolves through competition and individual achievement, rather than advocating for active efforts to change the status quo.

Question 11

Explain the similarities and differences between the three major sociological perspectives of functionalism,conflict theory,and symbolic interactionism.Identify which perspectives use a macrolevel or a microlevel of analysis.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

Sociology is the systematic study of social behavior and the study of individual personality differences.

Accepted Answer

Sociology is the systematic study of social behavior and the study of society, social institutions, and social relationships. Personality differences are typically studied in psychology.

Question 13

Studies show women do talk more daily than men.

Accepted Answer

Most studies have found that the difference in the average number of words spoken daily by men and women is minimal, with some studies showing men speak slightly more and others showing the opposite, but overall, there is no significant difference in their verbal output.

Question 14

Describe whatC.Wright Mills meant by the term "sociological imagination."

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

Knowledge of Van Gogh,Rembrandt,and others' work would be an example of cultural capital.

Accepted Answer

Cultural capital refers to the knowledge, skills, and cultural experiences that an individual possesses, which can be used to gain social and economic advantages. Knowledge of famous artists like Van Gogh and Rembrandt can be considered cultural capital, as it is a valuable cultural asset that can be leveraged in certain social situations.

Question 16

Discuss what separates sociology from common sense.Be sure to give some examples of how sociological research might dispel commonly accepted views.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

Define the concepts "social capital" and "cultural capital." Then,perform some reflexive thinking and list all the examples of social and cultural capital you possess so far.How does it differ from your friends? How about your classmates?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Applied sociology is dedicated to facilitating change by altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions.

Accepted Answer

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Question 19

One of Robert Merton's most significant contributions to sociology was the attempt to merge the microlevel and macrolevel approaches to the study of society.

Accepted Answer

Robert Merton was influential in developing structural functionalism, which attempted to bridge the gap between the macro-level and micro-level approaches in sociology. He emphasized the need to examine how social structures and institutions affect individual behavior and outcomes. Merton argued that understanding the relationship between individual actions and larger social forces was essential for explaining social inequality and other social phenomena.

Question 20

Summarize the contributions of Émile Durkheim,Max Weber,and Karl Marx to the field of sociology.Be sure to note any theoretical differences they may have had with one another.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 1: Understanding Sociology