Question 1

Which of the following is one of the five core areas of knowledge in the national examination written by the National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE)?

Accepted Answer

The national examination covers the five core areas of knowledge offered in CEPH-accredited schools and programs as well as interdisciplinary cross-cutting areas relevant to contemporary public health. The core areas include biostatistics, environmental health sciences, epidemiology, health policy and management, and social and behavioral sciences. Cross-cutting areas include communication and informatics, diversity and culture, leadership, public health biology, professionalism, programs planning, and systems thinking.

Question 2

Which of the following factors that influence the health of individuals and populations is considered to be a contributor to well-being rather than a broader determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Language, learning, meaningful work, recreation, self-esteem, and personal control are considered contributors to well-being. Employment, education, environment, income, shelter, food, social justice and equity, family, friends, and social supports, peace and safety, culture, and race relations are all factors generally recognized as broader determinants of health.

Question 3

Embedded into the basic planning cycle is a framework for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A framework for a community oral health improvement process is embedded into the basic planning cycle. The community health improvement process has been described as a comprehensive approach for communities to achieve sustained improvements in community health. The community oral health assessment is one component of a community oral health improvement process.

Question 4

The "epidemiologic triangle" depicts disease as the outcome of the interactions among which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiology is based on a multifactorial perspective, with consideration given to the interacting relationships among host factors, agent factors, and environmental factors.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly depicts the steps in the planning cycle?

Accepted Answer

The planning cycle is a model commonly used in public health practice; it provides a basic flow chart of steps in a process to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate. The planning cycle is used to develop an oral health plan and measure oral health outcomes at a population level.

Question 6

Biologic or mechanical means of causing disease, illness, injury, or disability is which of the following factors in the epidemiologic triangle?

Accepted Answer

Agent factors are the biologic or mechanical means of causing disease, illness, injury, or disability, such as microbial, parasitic, viral, or bacterial pathogens or vectors; physical or mechanical irritants; chemicals; drugs; trauma; and radiation. Biology, marketing, engineering, regulations, and legislation can influence agent factors.

Question 7

Which type of epidemiologic study involves a subset of a defined population that can be identified and observed for a sufficient number of person-years to generate reliable incidence or mortality rates?

Accepted Answer

A cohort study is the method of epidemiologic study in which subsets of a defined population can be identified and observed for a sufficient number of person-years to generate reliable incidence or mortality rates in the population subsets; usually a large population, a study lasting for a prolonged period (years), or both. (Synonyms: concurrent, follow-up, incidence, longitudinal, prospective study.)

Question 8

Which of the following is important in data collection?

Accepted Answer

During data collection, it is important to conduct a broad search of available information systematically and to organize an inventory of this information. It is essential to compile the information from secondary sources carefully. Understanding an anticipated outcome can create an unwanted bias in the method selected and in the process.

Question 9

Which of the following is thought to have the least impact on health?

Accepted Answer

To a large extent, factors such as where people live, the state of the environment, genetic, income, and education levels, and relationships with family and friends all have considerable impacts on health. The more commonly considered factors such as access and use of health care services often have less of an impact.

Question 10

Which three core public health functions specified by the CDCP must health agencies and departments perform in order to protect health, wellness, and quality of life and prevent disease, injury, disability, and death?

Accepted Answer

The three core public health functions are assessment, policy development, and assurance. These shape the basic practice of public health at the federal, state, and local levels. Health agencies and health departments must perform these functions to protect and promote health, wellness, and quality of life and to prevent disease, injury, disability, and death.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of host factors when studying epidemiology?

Accepted Answer

Host factors relate primarily to susceptibility and resistance to disease through biologic immunity, knowledge and cognition, behavior modification, screening, and personal power. The host may be a person, an animal, or a plant. A vector is an agent, not a host. Agent factors are the biologic or mechanical means of causing disease, illness, injury, or disability.

Question 12

According to Healthy People 2020, congenitally missing teeth, cancer, and cleft lip are considered examples of which of the following determinants of health?

Accepted Answer

Age, sex, inherited conditions, family history of a condition, and birth defects are examples of biologic and
genetic determinants of health.

Question 13

Epidemiology in public health has many uses EXCEPT which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Epidemiology can be used to provide different types of data and information. Epidemiologists in public health agencies are responsible for surveillance, investigation, analysis, and evaluation of health. It would be used to evaluate services, measure the habits of a given population, and predict diseases, disabilities, injuries, and deaths. It is not used to determine dental fee structures.

Question 14

Which of the following is considered to be a physical rather than social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Physical determinants include our natural and built environments. Exposure to natural toxins or to human-made pollutants and substandard housing are examples of physical determinants that can adversely affect health. Social determinants include family, community, income, education, gender, race or ethnicity, place of residence, and access to health care, among others.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of a case control study?

Accepted Answer

A case control study is an epidemiologic study that compares persons with a disease or condition (cases) with another group of people from the same population without the disease or condition (controls). The study is used to identify risks and trends, suggest some possible causes for disease, or for particular outcomes.

Question 16

The context of people's lives determines their health. Individuals are likely to be able to control many of the determinants of health directly.

Accepted Answer

The context of people's lives determines their health; however, individuals are unlikely to be able to control many of the determinants of health directly.

Question 17

Which of the following was established in 2005 to ensure that graduates from schools and programs of public health accredited by the Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) have mastered the knowledge and skills relevant to contemporary public health?

Accepted Answer

The NBPHE has developed and now administers an examination for the credential CPH. The national examination covers the five core areas of knowledge offered in CEPH-accredited schools and programs as well as interdisciplinary cross-cutting areas relevant to contemporary public health.

Question 18

Changing perspectives of health in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries include all except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The result of many factors, the paradigm shift in the perspectives of health in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, includes changes in professional ethos, a migration of populations, teledentistry. A shift in third-party reimbursement is not among them.

Question 19

Which of the following is the regular and systematic collection, assemblage, analysis, and communication on the health of the community?

Accepted Answer

The Institute of Medicine report stated that assessment includes statistics on health status, community health needs, and epidemiologic and other studies of health problems.

Question 20

The correct order for implementing a community oral health assessment is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The correct order is collecting data from existing sources, determining the necessity of primary data collection (planning and collecting primary data), analyzing and interpreting the data (identifying critical oral health issues and selecting priorities), and communicating and publicizing the findings,

Quiz 3: Assessment for Community Oral Health Program Planning

Which of the following is one of the five core areas of knowledge in the national examination written by the National Board of Public Health Examiners (NBPHE) ?