Question 1

Alternative forms of a gene are called ________.

Accepted Answer

alleles

Question 2

In many species,there are two representatives of each chromosome.In such species,the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the ________ number.It is usually symbolized as ________.

Accepted Answer

In species with two representatives of each chromosome, the characteristic number of chromosomes is called the diploid number, which is symbolized as 2n. Option A is not correct as it refers to the number of chromosomes in gametes, which have only one representative of each chromosome. Option B and D are partially correct in terms of the symbol, but they are incorrect in terms of the definition. Option E is not correct as there is a correct answer option on the list.

Question 3

The various characteristics of organisms that result from their genetic makeup are collectively referred to as an organism's ________.

Accepted Answer

phenotype

Question 4

What is a mutation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a mutation?...

Question 5

In the 1600s,William Harvey studied reproduction and development.What is the term given to the theory which states that an organism develops from the fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that lead to an adult?

Accepted Answer

The term given to the theory that an organism develops from the fertilized egg by a succession of developmental events that lead to an adult is epigenesis. This theory was proposed by William Harvey in the 1600s and contrasted with the previously held theory of preformation, which stated that organisms were pre-formed in miniature within the egg or sperm. Sequential pattern formation, equational transformation, and transduction are not the terms used to describe this theory.

Question 6

Early in the twentieth century,Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri noted that the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis is identical to the behavior of genes during gamete formation.They proposed that genes are carried on chromosomes,which led to the basis of the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early in the twentieth century,Walter Sutton and...

Question 7

Name two individuals who provided the conceptual basis for our present understanding that genes are on chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name two individuals who provided the conceptual...

Question 8

What term is used to describe the fact that different genes in an organism often provide differences in observable features?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term is used to describe the...

Question 9

What term refers to the similarity between parents and offspring and what term refers to the lack of similarity between parents and offspring?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term refers to the similarity between...

Question 10

Who,along with Alfred Wallace,formulated the theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin, along with Alfred Wallace, formulated the theory of natural selection. Mendel discovered the basic principles of genetics, Harvey described the circulation of blood, Pasteur developed pasteurization, and Watson, along with Crick, discovered the structure of DNA.

Question 11

Name the substance that serves as the hereditary material in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the substance that serves as the...

Question 12

What does the term genetics mean?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the term genetics mean?...

Question 13

What is a simple definition of an allele?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a simple definition of an...

Question 14

Genetics is the study of ________.

Accepted Answer

Genetics is concerned with the study of inheritance, which involves the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring, as well as the variation that occurs within and between populations. This includes the study of genes, chromosomes, and genetic material. Option B is incorrect because it refers to specific types of genetic mechanisms, whereas genetics as a field is more broad. Option C is only a part of the genetic process of gene expression, and option D refers to specific types of cells. Option E is a part of the genetic process, but not a comprehensive definition of genetics as a field.

Question 15

Until the mid-1940s,many scientists considered proteins to be the likely candidates for the genetic material.Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Until the mid-1940s,many scientists considered proteins to...

Question 16

Who was the Augustinian monk that conducted a decade of experiments on the garden pea,eventually showing that traits are passed from parents to offspring in predictable ways?

Accepted Answer

The Augustinian monk who conducted a decade of experiments on the garden pea and showed that traits are passed from parents to offspring in predictable ways was Gregor Mendel. Francis Crick, Alfred Wallace, Hippocrates, and Aristotle are important figures in the history of science but are not known for their work on genetics.

Question 17

What is the term given to the theory which states that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult?

Accepted Answer

The term given to the theory which states that the fertilized egg contains a complete miniature adult is preformation. This theory suggests that all the structures and characteristics of an adult organism are already present in the fertilized egg and just need to grow and develop over time.

Question 18

Name the individual who,while working with the garden pea in the mid-1850s,demonstrated quantitative patterns of heredity and developed a theory involving the behavior of hereditary factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the individual who,while working with the...

Question 19

What is the term given to the theory that put forth the idea that living organisms could arise by incubating nonliving components?

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous generation is the term given to the theory that living organisms could arise from nonliving components without the need for a living organism or a specific process. This theory was eventually disproven by Louis Pasteur, who showed that living organisms only arise from other living organisms through a process called biogenesis.

Question 20

Name one of the botanists who,in 1900,rediscovered the work of Gregor Mendel.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name one of the botanists who,in 1900,rediscovered...

Quiz 1: Introduction to Genetics