Question 1

For persons with hematopoietic syndrome,survival time shortens as the radiation dose:

Accepted Answer

Hematopoietic syndrome occurs when an individual is exposed to a high dose of radiation that damages the bone marrow, leading to a decrease in production of blood cells. Survival time shortens as the radiation dose increases because higher doses cause more severe damage to the bone marrow, leading to a more rapid onset of symptoms and a higher risk of death. Therefore, a higher radiation dose means a shorter survival time for individuals with hematopoietic syndrome.

Question 2

A single absorbed dose of 2 Gyt can cause a radiation-induced skin erythema within:

Accepted Answer

Radiation-induced skin erythema typically appears 24 to 48 hours after irradiation, making option D the best choice.

Question 3

A term that is synonymous with epilation is:

Accepted Answer

Alopecia is synonymous with epilation as both terms are related to hair loss.

Question 4

As a result of numerous reported patient injuries that have been associated with the use of ____________________,better management of the use of such procedures is essential.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking for the imaging technique that has been associated with patient injuries, and only option B (high-level fluoroscopy) fits this description. Both computed tomography and routine chest radiography are commonly used imaging procedures that have not been widely associated with patient injury, whereas routine fluoroscopy is not typically used on its own but rather as part of a larger procedure. Therefore, better management of high-level fluoroscopy is essential to prevent patient harm.

Question 5

The prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome is also referred to as the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The prodromal stage of acute radiation syndrome...

Question 6

In 1898,after sustaining severe burns attributed to radiation exposure,this Boston dentist began investigating the hazards of radiation exposure and became the first known advocate of radiation protection:

Accepted Answer

The Boston dentist who sustained severe radiation burns and became the first known advocate of radiation protection is William Herbert Rollins. Marie Curie made significant contributions to the study of radiation, but she did not sustain radiation burns and was not the first advocate of radiation protection. Clarence Madison Dally was a glassblower who worked closely with Roentgen and suffered from radiation burns, but he is not considered the first advocate of radiation protection. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was the discoverer of X-rays, but he was not the first advocate of radiation protection.

Question 7

Some local tissues sustain immediate consequences from high radiation doses.Examples of such tissues include:
1)bone marrow.
2)male and female reproductive organs.
3)skin.

Accepted Answer

Bone marrow, male and female reproductive organs, and skin are all examples of local tissues that sustain immediate consequences from high radiation doses. Bone marrow produces blood cells and is highly sensitive to radiation. Damage to bone marrow can result in a decrease in the number of blood cells and put someone at risk for infections and bleeding. The reproductive organs are sensitive to radiation, and high doses of radiation can lead to infertility, birth defects, and an increased risk of certain cancers. Skin is another tissue that can be severely damaged by high doses of radiation, resulting in skin burns or radiation dermatitis. Therefore, options A, B and C are incorrect.

Question 8

The correct order of development for the female germ cell from the stem cell phase to the mature cell is:

Accepted Answer

The correct development sequence for the female germ cell is from a primordial follicle, which matures into a mature follicle. After ovulation, the remnant of the follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, and the released egg cell is known as the ovum.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a form of acute radiation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Carcinogenic syndrome is not a form of acute radiation syndrome. Instead, it refers to the long-term effects of radiation exposure, which may increase the risk of developing cancer. The other options, hematopoietic syndrome, gastrointestinal syndrome, and cerebrovascular syndrome, are all forms of acute radiation syndrome that refer to different types of damage to the body caused by high levels of radiation in a short period of time.

Question 10

The correct order of development of the male germ cell from the stem cell phase to the mature cell is:

Accepted Answer

The correct order of development of the male germ cell is spermatogonia (stem cell), which undergo mitosis to form primary spermatocytes. The primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis I to form secondary spermatocytes, which then undergo meiosis II to give rise to haploid spermatids. Finally, the spermatids differentiate into mature and functional sperm. Therefore, the correct order is spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm, which is represented by choice A.

Question 11

Studies of radiation therapy patients who received orthovoltage radiation therapy treatments provide:

Accepted Answer

Studies of radiation therapy patients who received orthovoltage radiation therapy treatments provide significant evidence of skin damage caused by radiation exposure. The high energy of orthovoltage radiation means that it is more likely to damage the skin compared to lower energy radiation treatments. Skin damage can include redness, blistering, ulceration, and scarring.

Question 12

Revised atomic bomb data for Hiroshima and Nagasaki suggest that radiation-induced leukemias and solid tumors occurring in the survivors may be attributed to exposure to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Revised atomic bomb data for Hiroshima and...

Question 13

The hematopoietic form of acute radiation syndrome is also called the:

Accepted Answer

The hematopoietic form of acute radiation syndrome, also known as the bone marrow syndrome, is characterized by damage to the bone marrow and decreased production of blood cells. This can lead to symptoms such as anemia, increased risk of infections, and bleeding disorders.

Question 14

In females the oogonia,the ovarian stem cells:

Accepted Answer

Oogonia multiply to millions of cells only during fetal development, reaching their peak number before birth and then decreasing in number as they either undergo further development into primary oocytes or degenerate.

Question 15

The term LD 50/30 signifies the whole-body dose of radiation that can be lethal to:

Accepted Answer

The term LD 50/30 refers to the lethal dose of radiation that will kill 50% of the exposed population within 30 days.

Question 16

Atrophy refers to:

Accepted Answer

Atrophy refers to the shrinkage of organs and tissues. This can occur after a high radiation dose is received.

Question 17

Research has shown that repeated radiation injuries have a:

Accepted Answer

Repeated radiation injuries have a cumulative effect, meaning the damage to cells and tissues adds up over time. This can ultimately lead to significant harm such as cancer or other illnesses.

Question 18

Genetic mutations have been produced in experimental female animals when their ovaries were irradiated with doses as low as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genetic mutations have been produced in experimental...

Question 19

Which of the following are classified as early deterministic somatic effects of ionizing radiation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are classified as...

Question 20

Attempts have been made to measure chromosome aberrations after diagnostic x-ray imaging procedures:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Attempts have been made to measure chromosome...

Quiz 8: Early Deterministic Radiation Effects on Organ Systems