Question 1

A person from which of the following countries would most likely NOT value love as a prerequisite for marriage?
A)China
B)Canada
C)Australia
D)England

Accepted Answer

In traditional Chinese culture, marriages were often arranged by parents and based on practical considerations like financial stability and family connections, rather than love. While attitudes towards love and marriage may have shifted in modern times, traditional values may still influence some individuals in China.

Question 2

Which term describes the action of intentionally insulting or orally abusing the other person in an interaction,according to Gottman (1994)?
A)Criticism
B)Contempt
C)Explosiveness
D)Defensiveness

Accepted Answer

According to Gottman (1994), the term that describes intentional insults and verbal abuse in an interaction is contempt.

Question 3

When Sandy tries to tell Mel about a problem,Mel turns away and starts watching television.What Mel did is called
A)contempt
B)assertive behaviour
C)withdrawal
D)defensiveness

Accepted Answer

Mel displayed withdrawal behavior by turning away from Sandy and watching television instead of engaging and listening to her.

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding self-disclosure in relationships is NOT supported by research?
A)When one partner in a relationship self-discloses,the other is likely to do so as well.
B)Men and women in dating relationships reveal more about sexual feelings than nonsexual feelings.
C)Men and women in dating relationships reveal more about what they don't like sexually than what they do like sexually.
D)More self-disclosure is related to greater relationship satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

Research generally supports the idea that self-disclosure leads to greater relationship satisfaction and that reciprocal self-disclosure is common. However, the statement that men and women in dating relationships reveal more about sexual feelings than nonsexual feelings is not supported by research. In fact, self-disclosure encompasses a wide range of topics, including personal interests, fears, and aspirations, not just sexual feelings.

Question 5

If Chris says to Lou,"How did you even graduate grade school?" Chris is demonstrating _______ toward Lou.
A)assertiveness
B)defensiveness
C)withdrawal
D)contempt

Accepted Answer

Chris is showing contempt towards Lou by insulting their intelligence and their ability to complete basic education.

Question 6

Marta comes home and sees that her boyfriend has eaten the last of the potato chips.Marta says "Jim you are so selfish;you never think of anyone else!" According to Gottman's (1999)research how would Marta's comment be labelled?
A)criticism
B)contempt
C)explosiveness
D)defensiveness

Accepted Answer

Marta's comment can be labeled as criticism as she is attacking Jim's character rather than the specific behavior of eating the last of the potato chips.

Question 7

Patterns of both cross-cultural similarity and cross-cultural differences have been recognized in attraction and marriage.Which of the following shows more similarity than difference across cultures?
A)Independence-dependence.
B)agreement on choosing women more on their cues of reproductive capacity.
C)Definitions of love.
D)That passionate love be present first before marriage.

Accepted Answer

There is evidence to suggest that, across cultures, men tend to choose women based on cues of reproductive capacity (such as youth, beauty, and health). This pattern appears to be more similar than different across cultures. The other options (independence-dependence, definitions of love, and the importance of passionate love before marriage) are examples of cross-cultural differences in attraction and marriage.

Question 8

The type of culture where two people who have agreed to marry describe their love for one another as companionate or as a friendship with a great deal of respect for the other is a _______ society such as _______.
A)collectivist;China
B)individualist;France
C)individualist;Canada
D)collectivist;United States

Accepted Answer

In collectivist societies like China, relationships often emphasize companionship and respect, aligning with the concept of companionate love.

Question 9

Being an effective communicator can play an important role in sexual satisfaction for a couple.Which of the following statements is an example of effective communication that will probably lead to self-disclosure on the part of both?
A)"I know that you think women aren't very interested in sex,but I really wish I had more orgasms."
B)"You're not giving me any orgasms when we have sex."
C)"What part of 'no' don't you understand?"
D)"What can I/we do to make things better?"

Accepted Answer

Option D is an example of effective communication that encourages self-disclosure and promotes finding a solution together. It's important to avoid blaming or accusing language, and instead, focus on expressing feelings and inviting a conversation to improve sexual satisfaction. Option A and B may create defensiveness, while option C is aggressive and dismissive of the partner's needs.

Question 10

Whereas ________ refers to what the speaker means,________ refers to what someone else understands the speaker to mean.
A)intent;impact
B)impact;intent
C)intent;editing
D)editing;impact

Accepted Answer

Intent refers to the speaker's intended meaning or message, while impact refers to how that message is received or understood by the listener or audience. Therefore, A is the correct choice. B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the difference between intent and impact.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the four patterns of destructive interaction identified by Gottman (1994)?
A)criticism
B)contempt
C)explosiveness
D)defensiveness

Accepted Answer

The four patterns of destructive interaction identified by Gottman (1994) are criticism, contempt, defensiveness, and stonewalling. "Explosiveness" is not one of the patterns identified by Gottman.

Question 12

The authors of your text report on a large-scale survey of 10,000 men and women from 37 societies.In asking what kind of things one values in a potential mate,the researchers found that men placed more weight on cues of ________ while women rated cues of ________ as more important.
A)physical attraction;intelligence
B)resources;understanding
C)physical attraction;resources
D)kindness;understanding

Accepted Answer

The survey findings indicate that men prioritize physical attraction in a potential mate, while women value resources more. This reflects common evolutionary psychology perspectives on mate selection criteria, where physical attractiveness in women can be seen as a cue for health and fertility, and resources in men as a cue for the ability to provide and protect.

Question 13

Which kind of love is most often associated with individuals in a collectivistic society?
A)The love that will come after marriage between two individuals of similar social status.
B)Passionate love.
C)Two-component love.
D)Misattributive love.

Accepted Answer

In a collectivistic society, individuals prioritize the needs and desires of their family and group above their own individual desires. Therefore, love that is arranged and based on similarities in social status is more common as it benefits the family and larger community. Passionate love or two-component love, which prioritizes individual feelings and desires, may be less valued in such a society. Misattributive love is not a recognized type of love.

Question 14

Let's say that your society emphasizes passionate love as one of the reasons for marriage.You also will use such characteristics as physical attractiveness,similarity and wealth and resources to select a mate.What country do you most likely live in?
A)Canada
B)China
C)India
D)Pakistan

Accepted Answer

In societies like Canada, passionate love is often emphasized as a primary reason for marriage. Additionally, mate selection based on physical attractiveness, similarity, and wealth/resources aligns with Western ideals of romantic partnerships, which are prevalent in countries like Canada. In contrast, countries like China, India, and Pakistan may place a greater emphasis on family involvement, tradition, and other factors in mate selection.

Question 15

According to Gottman (1994),_______ refers to denying responsibility,making excuses,replying with a complaint of one's own,and other self-protective responses,instead of addressing the problem.
A)criticism
B)contempt
C)explosiveness
D)defensiveness

Accepted Answer

Defensiveness is a self-protective response that involves denying responsibility, making excuses, and responding with a complaint of one's own, rather than addressing the problem. This is one of the "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse" identified by Gottman (1994) as destructive patterns of communication in relationships.

Question 16

According to research,what might 'distressed' couples be an indication of?
A)Poor communication.
B)Not enough premarital sexual experience.
C)Sexual boredom.
D)Physical dysfunctions of the sexual organs.

Accepted Answer

Distressed couples are often an indication of poor communication, which can lead to a breakdown in the relationship and cause tension and conflict. This is commonly cited as a leading cause of divorce and can impact all aspects of a relationship, including sexual intimacy. However, it is important to note that sexual issues may also be present in distressed couples.

Question 17

The definition of an effective communicator is one whose
A)impact modifies his or her intent.
B)impact introduces his or her intent.
C)impact matches his or her intent.
D)impact undermines his or her intent.

Accepted Answer

An effective communicator is one whose impact matches his or her intent, meaning the message conveyed is received by the audience in the way it was intended. If a communicator's impact modifies, undermines or introduces their intent, then the communication may not be effective.

Question 18

In which of the following societies would an individual be quite willing to marry someone whom they do not love?
A)Australia
B)India
C)Mexico
D)Japan

Accepted Answer

In India, arranged marriages are still common and the emphasis is on family arrangements rather than personal preferences. Parents and relatives play a dominant role in choosing a suitable partner for their children, and it is considered important to prioritize factors such as family background, educational qualifications, and financial stability over romantic love.

Question 19

One variation in how standards of beauty DIFFER across cultures was discussed in a study that indicated that Asian students (when compared with white and Hispanic students,)were INDIFFERENT to
A)indicators of sexual maturity (i.e.,facial narrowness).
B)narrow hips.
C)clear skin.
D)bright eyes.

Accepted Answer

The study found that Asian students were indifferent to indicators of sexual maturity such as facial narrowness, which suggests that this aspect of physical appearance might not be as valued in their culture as it is in white and Hispanic cultures. Therefore, A is the correct answer.

Question 20

Cross-cultural psychologists have identified two dimensions on which cultures vary on the meaning of love.What are they?
A)individualism and independence
B)commitment and intensity
C)morality and independence
D)individualism and morality

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cross-cultural psychologists have identified two dimensions on...

Quiz 12: Attraction, Love, and Communication

A person from which of the following countries would most likely NOT value love as a prerequisite for marriage?

Which term describes the action of intentionally insulting or orally abusing the other person in an interaction,according to Gottman (1994) ?

When Sandy tries to tell Mel about a problem,Mel turns away and starts watching television.What Mel did is called

Which of the following statements regarding self-disclosure in relationships is NOT supported by research?

If Chris says to Lou,"How did you even graduate grade school?" Chris is demonstrating _______ toward Lou.

Marta comes home and sees that her boyfriend has eaten the last of the potato chips.Marta says "Jim you are so selfish;you never think of anyone else!" According to Gottman's (1999) research how would Marta's comment be labelled?

Patterns of both cross-cultural similarity and cross-cultural differences have been recognized in attraction and marriage.Which of the following shows more similarity than difference across cultures?

The type of culture where two people who have agreed to marry describe their love for one another as companionate or as a friendship with a great deal of respect for the other is a _ society such as _.

Being an effective communicator can play an important role in sexual satisfaction for a couple.Which of the following statements is an example of effective communication that will probably lead to self-disclosure on the part of both?

Whereas refers to what the speaker means, refers to what someone else understands the speaker to mean.

Which of the following is NOT one of the four patterns of destructive interaction identified by Gottman (1994) ?

The authors of your text report on a large-scale survey of 10,000 men and women from 37 societies.In asking what kind of things one values in a potential mate,the researchers found that men placed more weight on cues of while women rated cues of as more important.

Which kind of love is most often associated with individuals in a collectivistic society?

Let's say that your society emphasizes passionate love as one of the reasons for marriage.You also will use such characteristics as physical attractiveness,similarity and wealth and resources to select a mate.What country do you most likely live in?

According to Gottman (1994) ,_______ refers to denying responsibility,making excuses,replying with a complaint of one's own,and other self-protective responses,instead of addressing the problem.

According to research,what might 'distressed' couples be an indication of?

The definition of an effective communicator is one whose

In which of the following societies would an individual be quite willing to marry someone whom they do not love?

One variation in how standards of beauty DIFFER across cultures was discussed in a study that indicated that Asian students (when compared with white and Hispanic students,) were INDIFFERENT to

Cross-cultural psychologists have identified two dimensions on which cultures vary on the meaning of love.What are they?