Question 1

Lillian does not have a fixed gender identity.What term best describes them?
A)cisgender
B)gender fluid
C)female-bodied
D)transgender

Accepted Answer

Gender fluidity means that someone's gender identity is not fixed and can shift between different genders. This is the best choice for Lillian based on the given information. The other options do not accurately describe Lillian's gender identity.

Question 2

What types of people are recognized within society's gender binary?
A)male-bodied people who are masculine and female-bodied people who are feminine
B)male-bodied people who are masculine or feminine and female-bodied people who are masculine or feminine
C)male-bodied people who are feminine and female-bodied people who are masculine
D)male-bodied people who are masculine,female-bodied people who are feminine,and intersex people who are masculine and feminine

Accepted Answer

Society generally recognizes only two genders: male and female. Within this binary system, male-bodied people are expected to be masculine and female-bodied people are expected to be feminine. This binary system has been challenged by the recognition and inclusion of non-binary identities in recent years, but it remains the dominant societal understanding of gender. Therefore, choice A is the most accurate reflection of current societal gender norms.

Question 3

The word "sex" refers to
A)biological differences in primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
B)the symbolism of masculinity and femininity that we connect to being male-bodied or female-bodied.
C)the fact that the shape of our body may not extend to how a person feels or acts.
D)the primary way we naturalize and justify inequality.

Accepted Answer

The word "sex" refers specifically to biological differences in primary and secondary sexual characteristics, such as genitalia, reproductive organs, and hormones.

Question 4

According to the textbook,how do gender ideologies operate around the world?
A)All societies throughout history have viewed gender through a gender binary.
B)In the 1600s and 1700s,societies around the world acknowledged three,four,or five genders,but today all societies view gender through a gender binary.
C)Most societies throughout history have acknowledged three,four,or five genders.
D)Some societies view gender through a gender binary while others acknowledge three,four,or five genders.

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that while some societies view gender through a gender binary, others acknowledge three, four, or five genders. This suggests that gender ideologies operate differently around the world and are not universal.

Question 5

How do transgender people provide evidence that the gender binary fails to describe reality?
A)They have chromosomes that do not match either XX or XY.
B)Their gender identities don't match their perceived sex.
C)Their gender identities always match their perceived sex.
D)They have chromosomes that match either XX or XY.

Accepted Answer

Transgender people provide evidence that the gender binary fails to describe reality because their gender identities do not match their perceived sex. This challenges the notion that gender is solely determined by biological sex and demonstrates the existence of a spectrum of gender identities beyond the binary. Chromosomes are not always indicative of one's gender identity and therefore are not a reliable factor in this context. Choice D is incorrect because it suggests that adhering to the binary is the norm, which is not accurate.

Question 6

Henry has categorized fish as feminine and sharks as masculine.On further reflection,he has refined the categorization of fish.He categorizes passive fish,such as goldfish and clownfish,as feminine,while he categorizes aggressive,carnivorous fish,like piranhas and goliath tigerfish,as masculine.Henry has done a good job of demonstrating
A)gender binary glasses.
B)gender binary subdivision.
C)gender fluid glasses.
D)gender fluid subdivision.

Accepted Answer

Henry's categorization of fish is based on a gender binary subdivision, where certain traits are associated with being either masculine or feminine. He has created two distinct categories based on the perceived aggression levels of the fish, which align with traditional gender stereotypes of masculine and feminine traits. This demonstrates a gender binary subdivision, rather than a fluid or non-binary approach to categorization.

Question 7

Danielle was born with XXY chromosomes.She is someone who is
A)gender fluid.
B)gender queer.
C)intersex.
D)transgender.

Accepted Answer

Danielle's condition of having XXY chromosomes falls under the umbrella term of intersex, which refers to individuals whose physical or biological sex characteristics do not fit typical male or female classifications. It is important to note that intersex is not the same as gender identity, which refers to a person's internal sense of being male, female, or somewhere in between.

Question 8

How have ideas about the categories of male and female changed over time?
A)Seventeenth-century European anatomists believed that females had the same bodies as males,only inverted,while today we know that female and male bodies are completely opposite.
B)Seventeenth-century European anatomists believed the female body was completely opposite from the male body.By contrast,we now know that all female and male genitalia develop from the same fetal tissue.
C)Seventeenth-century European anatomists believed that females had the same bodies as males,only inverted;however,today we know that female and male bodies are neither the same nor absolute opposites.
D)Seventeenth-century European anatomists believed the female body was completely opposite from the male body;however,today we know that female and male bodies are neither the same nor absolute opposites.

Accepted Answer

Seventeenth-century European anatomists believed that females had the same bodies as males, only inverted. However, today we know that female and male bodies are neither the same nor absolute opposites. This is because the idea of gender as a binary category has evolved over time. We now understand that gender is a complex interplay of physical, social, and cultural factors that cannot be reduced to simple categories of male and female. Additionally, advances in scientific knowledge have shown that there is a wide range of biological variation within and between sexes.

Question 9

What percentage of the population are estimated to be intersex or transgender?
A)10 percent
B)0.2 percent
C)95 percent
D)1 percent

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of the population are estimated...

Question 10

The word "gender" refers to
A)biological differences in primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
B)the symbolism of masculinity and femininity that we connect to being male-bodied or female-bodied.
C)the fact that the shape of our body may not extend to how we feel or act.
D)the primary way we naturalize and justify inequality.

Accepted Answer

Gender refers to the social and cultural meanings we attach to being male or female, including cultural norms and expectations of behavior and expression. It is distinct from biological sex, which refers to physical and physiological differences between males and females.

Answer: C 
 Gender identity is not always congruent with biological sex. Some people may identify as male or female regardless of the sex assigned to them at birth, and may present themselves in ways that do not conform to traditional gender norms.

Answer: D 
 Gender is often used to naturalize and justify inequality, such as through gender-based discrimination and gender role expectations that limit opportunities and perpetuate societal hierarchies.

Question 11

Our brains often form ideas that are clustered around the concepts of masculinity and femininity.Children,for example,will often assume that a firefighter is male.This assumption,which is based on learned ideas about masculinity,is a good example of the term
A)"associative memory."
B)"binary memory."
C)"collective memory."
D)"patriarchal memory."

Accepted Answer

This assumption is an example of "associative memory," where the brain links concepts (in this case, a profession) with gender roles or characteristics based on societal norms and learned associations.

Question 12

During her research in the community of Gerai in West Borneo,anthropologist Christine Helliwell described how her gender was uncertain among the Dayak for the duration of her fieldwork.This was because
A)they didn't know she had breasts and a vulva due to the sarong she wore.
B)for the Dayak,a "woman" has children,and at that time Helliwell didn't have any.
C)for the Dayak,a "woman" is a person who excels at distinguishing types of rice and its preparation,but Helliwell had not mastered these tasks.
D)for the Dayak,a high-ranking "woman" counts as a man,and they were uncertain how to classify her position in society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During her research in the community of...

Question 13

Michael is a male-bodied person.He says to Alex that he views himself as a male.What is Michael communicating to Alex?
A)the gender binary
B)his gender expression
C)his gender fluidity
D)his gender identity

Accepted Answer

Michael is communicating his gender identity, or the internal sense of being male, to Alex.

Question 14

In the Dominican Republic,a rare genetic condition made male children appear to be female until puberty,at which time what had been thought to be a clitoris grew into a penis and their testes suddenly descended from their abdomen.What happened then?
A)These children would keep their feminine identities and cover their genitals for the rest of their lives.
B)These children would be women but would remain sexually inactive for the rest of their lives.
C)These children would grow with the stigma of having abnormal bodies.
D)These children would adopt masculine identities and live as men the rest of their lives.

Accepted Answer

In this particular case, the male children with the rare genetic condition were raised as girls until puberty, but once they experienced the natural hormonal changes and physical developments during puberty, they identified as male and underwent a transition to live as men. This phenomenon is known as "Guevedoces" or "machihembras" in the Dominican Republic, and it highlights the importance of gender identity and the complexity of gender and sexual development. Therefore, the best choice is D, as it reflects the cultural and social realities of this unique circumstance.

Question 15

If Anna is a female-bodied individual who identifies as female,how could she best use gender expression to communicate her identity to those around her?
A)through her occupational choices
B)through her appearance,dress,and behavior
C)through her choice of romantic partners
D)through her political ideologies

Accepted Answer

Gender expression involves the ways in which an individual presents their gender to society through appearance, dress, and behavior. Therefore, Anna could best use her gender expression to communicate her identity to those around her through her clothing choices, hairstyle, makeup, and mannerisms or behaviors that are stereotypically associated with femininity. Occupational choices, romantic partners, and political ideologies may also play a role in shaping one's identity and expression, but they are not directly related to gender expression.

Question 16

How do people with intersex bodies provide evidence that the gender binary fails to describe reality?
A)They have chromosomes that do not match either XX or XY.
B)Their gender identities do not match their perceived sex.
C)Their gender identities always match their perceived sex.
D)They have chromosomes that match either XX or XY.

Accepted Answer

Intersex individuals may have chromosomal patterns that do not fit the typical XX or XY binary, demonstrating that biological sex is not strictly binary.

Question 17

In our gender binary,__________chromosomes are associated with males,while __________ chromosomes are associated with females.
A)XX;XY
B)XXY;XY
C)XY;XX
D)XYY;XX

Accepted Answer

In our gender binary system, individuals with XY chromosomes are typically associated with being male, while individuals with XX chromosomes are typically associated with being female. Therefore, option C is the correct choice as it reflects this association. Options A, B, and D all contain combinations of chromosomes that do not align with our current understanding of male and female biology.

Question 18

The fact that men are more likely than women to get breast reductions and women are more likely than men to get breast implants is an example of
A)efforts to enhance the illusion of the gender binary.
B)efforts by intersex people to fit into their given sex.
C)gender dysphoria.
D)the personal exception theory of gender.

Accepted Answer

This pattern reflects societal expectations and norms related to gender and appearance, where men are expected to have a flat and muscular chest while women are expected to have breasts. The fact that men getting breast reductions and women getting breast implants reinforces the binary idea of gender and appearance.

Question 19

Distinction is an important concept for understanding the sociology of gender because
A)without distinguishing men from women,there would be no basis for gender difference or inequality.
B)empowering women is based on achievement and distinguishing oneself from others.
C)there are two,distinct sexes,and the difference is gender.
D)gender inequality is distinctively different from other types of inequality and operates on different principles.

Accepted Answer

Without distinguishing between men and women, there would be no basis for gender difference or inequality. Gender is a social construct that is built upon the biological differences between sexes. The distinction made between men and women creates the foundation for gender roles and expectations, which in turn shape the dynamics of gender inequality.

Question 20

What does it mean to say that gender is a social construct?
A)Gender arises from biological differences between males and females.
B)Gender arises from both biological and social differences between males and females.
C)Gender has no set meaning or understanding in society.The terms "masculine" and "feminine" are very ambiguous,and their use leads to confusion among members of society.
D)Gender is understood through shared interpretations and meaning.The terms "masculine" and "feminine" are easily understood and shared by members of a society.

Accepted Answer

Saying that gender is a social construct means it is understood through shared societal interpretations and meanings. The concepts of "masculine" and "feminine" are defined and understood within the context of cultural norms and values, rather than being strictly determined by biological differences.

Quiz 1: Ideas

Lillian does not have a fixed gender identity.What term best describes them?

What types of people are recognized within society's gender binary?

The word "sex" refers to

According to the textbook,how do gender ideologies operate around the world?

How do transgender people provide evidence that the gender binary fails to describe reality?

Danielle was born with XXY chromosomes.She is someone who is

How have ideas about the categories of male and female changed over time?

What percentage of the population are estimated to be intersex or transgender?

The word "gender" refers to

Our brains often form ideas that are clustered around the concepts of masculinity and femininity.Children,for example,will often assume that a firefighter is male.This assumption,which is based on learned ideas about masculinity,is a good example of the term

During her research in the community of Gerai in West Borneo,anthropologist Christine Helliwell described how her gender was uncertain among the Dayak for the duration of her fieldwork.This was because

Michael is a male-bodied person.He says to Alex that he views himself as a male.What is Michael communicating to Alex?

In the Dominican Republic,a rare genetic condition made male children appear to be female until puberty,at which time what had been thought to be a clitoris grew into a penis and their testes suddenly descended from their abdomen.What happened then?

If Anna is a female-bodied individual who identifies as female,how could she best use gender expression to communicate her identity to those around her?

How do people with intersex bodies provide evidence that the gender binary fails to describe reality?

In our gender binary,chromosomes are associated with males,while chromosomes are associated with females.

The fact that men are more likely than women to get breast reductions and women are more likely than men to get breast implants is an example of

Distinction is an important concept for understanding the sociology of gender because

What does it mean to say that gender is a social construct?