Question 1

Which one of the following statements best describes the claims of the learning model of socialization?
A)Socialization is a lifelong process of learning and relearning gendered expectations and how to negotiate them.
B)Socialization is a learning process in childhood that fits us to our particular culture and which we then use for the rest of our lives.
C)The children who learn how to do gender well at home won't need to try as hard to learn the gender rules once they enter school.
D)Playing with Barbies and baby dolls or trucks and guns as a child will have lifelong effects on the way the child will do gender as an adult.

Accepted Answer

The learning model of socialization emphasizes that socialization is an ongoing process of learning and relearning gendered expectations throughout life. This means that individuals are constantly adapting and adjusting to cultural norms and expectations, regardless of their age or stage in life. This view emphasizes the social and cultural construction of gender, rather than biological determinism.

Question 2

In Belgium,the color pink is seen as a color for boys,while in the United States,the color pink is seen as a color for girls.The different views of pink show how there can be __________ in gender rules.
A)cross-cultural variation
B)historical variation
C)gender accounts
D)gender policing

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural variation refers to differences in beliefs, values, and norms between different cultures. The different views of pink in Belgium and the United States demonstrate how gender rules and expectations can vary across different cultures.

Question 3

The injection idea of socialization fails to explain how people learn to do gender because
A)socialization is finished by the time we are adults.
B)it assumes there is one coherent set of gender rules that children learn and apply throughout their lives.
C)it suggests that people change gender rules,but gender rules do not change over time in a society.
D)it does not account for the innate biological differences between males and females.

Accepted Answer

The injection idea of socialization fails to explain how people learn to do gender because it assumes that there is one coherent set of gender rules that children learn and apply throughout their lives. However, gender is not a static concept and gender rules can vary across time, culture, and social context. There is not one unified set of gender rules that people learn and apply uniformly throughout their lives.

Question 4

The way that children do gender is
A)increasingly inflexible as they learn increasing numbers of rules about doing gender correctly.
B)more flexible and less binary than their parents typically expect.
C)a reflection of greater biological predispositions toward fashion and nurturance among girls and for guns and trucks among boys,which most parents have to acknowledge.
D)more rigid and binary than the way adults do gender because they are still learning the rules in all their complexity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The way that children do gender is
A)increasingly...

Question 5

Many women enjoy dressing up,dancing,and flirting at a club.This is an example of
A)how gender rules become internalized as habits.
B)how gender rules in the United States are unfair to women.
C)how gender rules reflect biological predispositions.
D)how following gender rules can be a source of pleasure.

Accepted Answer

The behavior described in the scenario is an example of how following socially constructed gender rules can be a source of pleasure. While gender rules are not biologically determined, they are often internalized as habits and norms based on societal expectations and socialization. This does not necessarily mean that these rules are fair or unbiased, but rather that they are socially constructed and often perpetuated through everyday behavior and interactions.

Question 6

Which of the following best characterizes gender policing?
A)Policing is always malicious and cruel and,like other forms of bullying,it should never be tolerated.
B)Gender policing is never done to high-status people such as celebrities and politicians.
C)Gender policing is something we sometimes do to ourselves and our best friends with the best of intentions.
D)Gender policing is always harmless because it is often done with jokes and affection.

Accepted Answer

Gender policing refers to the attempt to enforce gender norms and punish those who do not conform to them. It can be done by others or by oneself with the intention of fitting in, gaining acceptance, or avoiding punishment. It often involves criticism, ridicule, or pressure to conform to traditional gender roles and appearances. Therefore, option C best characterizes gender policing as it acknowledges that it can be done with good intentions and can apply to close relationships.

Question 7

Which of the following descriptions best conveys the meaning of the term "gender policing"?
A)culturally specific instructions for how a man or a woman of a certain social status should appear and behave
B)responses to violations of gender rules aimed at promoting conformity
C)the process by which something becomes coded as masculine or feminine
D)the idea that we all have been socialized to fit gender binary roles

Accepted Answer

Gender policing refers to the enforcement of social expectations and rules regarding gender, often through negative responses (such as shaming or belittling) to individuals who violate these rules. This can include anything from wearing clothes deemed inappropriate for one's gender to displaying behavior considered too "masculine" or "feminine".

Question 8

When the authors emphasize that,when a child gets a pair of gender binary glasses,it's just the first pair,they mean to say that
A)parents are the primary sources of information that show children that gender matters.
B)children can't see gender at all until they are actively taught to follow the gender rules of their culture.
C)adults expect even very young children to follow rigid gender binary rules.
D)young children perceive gender in their society,but they may do so differently than when they are adults.

Accepted Answer

The authors are emphasizing that young children do perceive gender in their society, but their perception may be different from that of adults. Getting a pair of gender binary glasses is just the beginning of a child's socialization into gender norms and expectations. The authors are not saying that parents are the primary source of information about gender, that children can't see gender, or that adults expect very young children to follow rigid gender binary rules.

Question 9

Why do most of us do gender,at least a little,in our everyday interactions?
A)If you don't do gender,you become culturally unintelligible and people will not know how to interact with you.
B)We all find doing gender to be enjoyable and pleasurable.
C)Our biological differences program us to act in specific,gendered ways.
D)It isn't possible to not do gender,so everyone always does it.

Accepted Answer

Gender is a fundamental part of our cultural and social identity, and it is deeply ingrained in our everyday interactions. By doing gender, we signal our identity to others and conform to socially constructed norms and expectations. If we do not conform to these expectations, we may be seen as culturally unintelligible or outside of the norm, which can lead to social exclusion or ostracism. Thus, most of us engage in some form of gendered behavior in our everyday lives.

Question 10

Around age six,children become very concerned with doing gender correctly.What does this rigidity tell us about gender norms?
A)It is strong evidence that there is a biological predisposition toward binary male and female identities.
B)They are learning that gender rules are important,but haven't yet figured out whether and how to break them.
C)It is strong evidence that early childhood socialization is the most powerful force shaping adult gender roles.
D)It is a symptom of nonegalitarian parenting.

Accepted Answer

The rigidity in gender norms observed in six-year-olds suggests that they are beginning to understand the importance of gender rules, but have not yet learned to critically evaluate them or consider alternative ways of expressing gender. This development supports sociocultural theories which suggest that children learn about and internalize gender norms through socialization, rather than biologically predetermined identities. Nonegalitarian parenting could contribute to rigid adherence to gender norms, but it is not the primary driver of this phenomenon.

Question 11

According to the authors of your textbook,American men usually don't deliberate about whether to pee sitting down or standing up.This is an example of
A)how gender rules become internalized as habits.
B)how gender rules are learned over an entire lifetime.
C)how gender rules in the United States are unfair to women.
D)how following gender rules can be a source of pleasure.

Accepted Answer

The statement illustrates how gender rules become internalized as habits, meaning that they are learned unconsciously through socialization over time. Men may not consciously deliberate about peeing standing up or sitting down because societal norms have taught them that standing is the default, accepted behavior for men.

Question 12

Nathan and Olivia have both joined an online dating site.Nathan posts photos of himself playing soccer,while Olivia posts photos of herself wearing dresses,high heels,and makeup.Nathan and Olivia have both demonstrated the importance of __________ in society.
A)cultural traveling
B)gender accounts
C)gender policing
D)gender rules

Accepted Answer

Nathan and Olivia's behavior shows their adherence to gender rules, which dictate how men and women should present themselves and behave in society. Nathan's choice of displaying his interest in sports aligns with the cultural norms associated with masculinity, while Olivia's choice of displaying femininity through fashion and makeup also aligns with cultural expectations for women.

Question 13

Hannah recently married George.Hannah decided to keep her maiden name after marriage,which is a deviation from gender rules.Hannah often tells people that the reason she kept her maiden name is for professional reasons,since she already has published articles under that name.This explanation is a good example of
A)an account.
B)cultural traveling.
C)a gender rule.
D)gender policing.

Accepted Answer

Hannah's explanation for keeping her maiden name is an account, as she is providing a reason for her deviation from the gender rule of taking her husband's last name.

Question 14

Juliana does a lot of __________ in her daily life.She works as a lawyer,so she wears professional pant and skirt suits to work every day.When she comes home,though,she often likes to go to yoga to unwind,so she changes into yoga pants and tank tops to wear to her yoga classes.Depending on the context,how she does femininity changes.
A)cultural traveling
B)gender accounts
C)gender policing
D)gender rules

Accepted Answer

Cultural traveling refers to moving between different cultural or social environments, which in this context relates to Juliana changing her clothing and behavior based on the social setting (work vs. yoga), thus embodying different aspects of femininity.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of gender policing?
A)not being hired for a job you are qualified for because you are a woman
B)a woman being told that she looks attractive when wearing an evening gown
C)calling a guy cute rather than handsome
D)asking a guy why he shaves his legs

Accepted Answer

Gender policing refers to enforcing traditional gender roles and expressions, often by questioning or criticizing behaviors that deviate from societal norms. Asking a guy why he shaves his legs is an example of gender policing because it challenges a man's behavior based on traditional expectations of masculinity, implying that leg shaving is not a masculine behavior.

Question 16

Which individual is the LEAST likely to be policed?
A)a short,thin cisgender man
B)a tall,strong cisgender woman
C)a tall,strong trans woman
D)a short,thin cisgender woman

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that short, thin cisgender women are the least likely to be policed because they are seen as vulnerable and non-threatening. On the other hand, tall and strong individuals, regardless of their gender identity, may be perceived as more aggressive and thus more likely to be policed. Trans women, in particular, may also be subject to increased policing due to transphobia and discrimination. Therefore, option D is the best choice as the person described meets the characteristics of being least likely to be policed.

Question 17

Gender policing works on women because
A)unlike men,they have to pay attention to what others think of their performance of gender.
B)just like men,they have to pay attention to what others think of their performance of gender.
C)women find it harder to come up with explanations for their behavior than men do.
D)the gender rules that apply to women are more consistent than those that apply to men.

Accepted Answer

Gender policing affects both men and women because societal norms and expectations about gender performance are imposed on all individuals, regardless of their gender. Both men and women are subject to scrutiny and pressure to conform to these norms, making them attentive to how others perceive their gender expression.

Question 18

How does one "do gender" in society?
A)Doing gender means that we actively obey,and do not break,gender rules.
B)Doing gender means that we passively obey,and also break,gender rules.
C)Doing gender means that we actively obey,and also break,gender rules.
D)Doing gender means that we actively break gender rules and do not obey any of them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does one "do gender" in society?
A)Doing...

Question 19

The __________ model of socialization suggests that socialization is a lifelong process of learning and relearning gendered expectations.
A)biological
B)injection
C)learning
D)nurturing

Accepted Answer

The learning model of socialization suggests that individuals learn gendered expectations throughout their entire life through social interactions and experiences. This model emphasizes the role of culture and socialization in shaping an individual's gender identity and behavior, rather than biological factors.

Question 20

Which of the following best conveys the meaning of the term "gender rules"?
A)rules stating that we all have been socialized to fit into masculine and feminine roles
B)culturally specific instructions for how to appear and behave as a man or a woman
C)conformity-promoting responses to the violation of the gender binary in particular situations
D)the process by which something becomes coded as masculine or feminine

Accepted Answer

Gender rules refer to culturally specific instructions for how individuals should appear and behave as a man or a woman, which can vary across different societies and cultures. These rules may encompass aspects such as clothing, mannerisms, and occupations that are traditionally associated with a particular gender.

Quiz 3: Performances

Which one of the following statements best describes the claims of the learning model of socialization?

In Belgium,the color pink is seen as a color for boys,while in the United States,the color pink is seen as a color for girls.The different views of pink show how there can be __________ in gender rules.

The injection idea of socialization fails to explain how people learn to do gender because

The way that children do gender is

Many women enjoy dressing up,dancing,and flirting at a club.This is an example of

Which of the following best characterizes gender policing?

Which of the following descriptions best conveys the meaning of the term "gender policing"?

When the authors emphasize that,when a child gets a pair of gender binary glasses,it's just the first pair,they mean to say that

Why do most of us do gender,at least a little,in our everyday interactions?

Around age six,children become very concerned with doing gender correctly.What does this rigidity tell us about gender norms?

According to the authors of your textbook,American men usually don't deliberate about whether to pee sitting down or standing up.This is an example of

Nathan and Olivia have both joined an online dating site.Nathan posts photos of himself playing soccer,while Olivia posts photos of herself wearing dresses,high heels,and makeup.Nathan and Olivia have both demonstrated the importance of __________ in society.

Which of the following is an example of gender policing?

Which individual is the LEAST likely to be policed?

Gender policing works on women because

How does one "do gender" in society?

The __________ model of socialization suggests that socialization is a lifelong process of learning and relearning gendered expectations.

Which of the following best conveys the meaning of the term "gender rules"?