Question 1

Which of the following terms best reflects the perspective of the life-span developmental model on human health?

Accepted Answer

The term "integrated" best reflects the perspective of the life-span developmental model on human health. This model emphasizes the importance of understanding development across the entire lifespan, and recognizes that health is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors that evolve over time. This approach emphasizes the importance of understanding how these factors relate to one another in shaping health outcomes, and of taking a holistic, integrated approach to promoting health and well-being throughout the lifespan.

Question 2

Rhonda is in fifth grade and eats on average 2,000 calories a day.About how many of these calories come from snacks that she eats?

Accepted Answer

According to the American Heart Association, snacks should make up no more than 200-300 calories per day. Assuming Rhonda adheres to this recommendation, 500 calories (25% of her daily intake) would be allotted for snacks. Therefore, the best estimate of the number of calories coming from Rhonda's snacks would be around 500.

Question 3

Chou was born to an unemployed teenage mother and raised in a housing project in a decaying urban neighborhood.When Chou enters school he will have difficulty due to a decreased amount of ________.

Accepted Answer

Gray matter refers to the brain tissue responsible for processing information and making decisions, and it has been shown in research to be negatively affected by poverty and stress. Chou's upbringing in a housing project in a decaying urban neighborhood increases the likelihood of exposure to stressors, which in turn may impact the development of gray matter in his brain, potentially resulting in learning difficulties.

Question 4

Despite being in top condition,65-year-old Lane notices that his maximum heart rate during an aerobic exercise has declined significantly from when he was in his 20s.This change is best explained in terms of diminished

Accepted Answer

Reserve capacity refers to the ability of a physiological system to handle additional stress beyond what is normally required for daily living. As we age, our reserve capacity decreases, which can result in a reduction in maximum heart rate during exercise. Diminished dopamine levels, neural plasticity, and estrogen levels are not directly related to changes in maximum heart rate.

Question 5

Which statement accurately reflects the multidimensional nature of health under the life-span developmental model?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement accurately reflects the multidimensional nature...

Question 6

During Jorge's recent period of depression over the loss of his job,he seemed to have less capacity to fight off infections and catches a cold every week.This is an example of the ________ aspect of health.

Accepted Answer

The multidimensional aspect of health recognizes that physical, mental, emotional, and social factors all contribute to overall well-being. In this case, Jorge's period of depression is affecting his physical health and susceptibility to infections, highlighting the interconnectedness of these different dimensions.

Question 7

Osteoporosis occurs when

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and brittle due to a loss of minerals, particularly calcium. This leads to decreased bone mass and an increased risk of fractures.

Question 8

Who is likely to have the highest BMI?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children living in low socio-economic status neighborhoods are at a higher risk of having a high BMI, as they may have limited access to healthy food options and safe outdoor spaces for physical activity. The fact that Leslie's parents are inactive and unemployed also suggests that they may not prioritize healthy habits or have the resources to provide healthy meals.

Question 9

The earliest evidence of lateralization in the brain is ________.

Accepted Answer

The preference for using a particular hand is the earliest evidence of lateralization in the brain. This is usually observed during infancy, with babies showing a consistent preference for using their right or left hand for reaching and grasping objects.

Question 10

During adolescence,the physical activity levels of males continue to increase,while those of females tend to level off,or even decline.This is most likely due to the

Accepted Answer

Traditional gender-role socialization may lead to boys being encouraged to engage in more physical activity, while girls are often encouraged to be more passive and focus on other aspects of their identity such as appearance or social relationships. This can contribute to the gender differences in physical activity levels during adolescence. Hormonal changes across adolescence (C) do occur but are not the primary driver of differences in physical activity levels. Degeneration of muscle tissue (A) is not a typical phenomenon during adolescence. The secular trend (D), which refers to the increase in average height and weight over generations, is not relevant to this specific question.

Question 11

States that have banned smoking in the workplace and in restaurants and bars have seen a decrease in the incidence of heart disease and other illnesses caused by second-hand smoke.This is an example of the ________ aspect of health.

Accepted Answer

The sociohistorical aspect of health refers to the way in which health is influenced by social and historical factors. In this case, the ban on smoking in the workplace and in restaurants and bars is a social factor that has led to a decrease in the incidence of heart disease and other illnesses caused by second-hand smoke.

Question 12

Reserve capacity tends to be most important in _____ situations.

Accepted Answer

Reserve capacity refers to the ability for the body or mind to handle unexpected demands or stressors. In emergency situations, having reserve capacity could be the difference between life and death. Therefore, reserve capacity tends to be most important in emergency situations.

Question 13

Most physical systems peak sometime between

Accepted Answer

Physical systems typically peak during late adolescence to early adulthood, encompassing the transition from childhood to early adulthood. This period is characterized by peak physical health, strength, and cognitive abilities.

Question 14

Although HRT using estrogen and progesterone appears to help relieve the physical symptoms of menopause,it

Accepted Answer

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) using estrogen and progesterone has been found to increase the risk of breast cancer, heart attacks, and strokes. This has led to a decline in the use of HRT for menopausal symptom relief.

Question 15

Which best describes recent research on PMS?

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that expectations, rather than hormonal changes, may be a major factor in many cases of PMS. This challenges previous beliefs that PMS was primarily caused by hormonal imbalances.

Question 16

Most people would agree that the most positive aspect of the life-span developmental model is that

Accepted Answer

The most positive aspect of the life-span developmental model is that we have some control over our own health. This means that we can take steps to improve our health and well-being throughout our lives. While genetics do play a role in our development, social factors also have an impact on our health. The life-span developmental model recognizes the importance of these factors and encourages individuals to take an active role in improving their health. Additionally, developmental health is not just measured in gains, but also takes into account losses and transitions throughout the lifespan. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 17

Now that Kurt is in his 40s,he isn't able to lift the same heavy weights at the gym that he could in college.How much has Kurt's strength declined since his college workouts?

Accepted Answer

It is common for individuals to experience a decline in strength as they age, particularly after their 30s. According to research, the average decline in strength for individuals in their 40s is around 20%. Therefore, option D is the most accurate answer.

Question 18

Martha has been having difficulty dealing with the effects of menopause,so Dr.Dhillon prescribed ________ as HRT.

Accepted Answer

Estrogen and progesterone are the most commonly prescribed Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) for women going through menopause. They help alleviate symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and vaginal dryness. Progesterone is usually recommended in combination with estrogen to protect the uterus from potential cancerous growth. Testosterone and androgen are not typically prescribed as HRT for menopause.

Question 19

Morgan just got home from school and is famished! What will he likely have for a snack while doing his homework?

Accepted Answer

Potato chips are a common and convenient snack choice for many people, especially when they are looking for something quick and satisfying.

Question 20

One of the more interesting findings from the "Nun Study" was that _____ levels affected both longevity and health.

Accepted Answer

The "Nun Study" found that education levels affected both longevity and health. Nuns who had higher levels of education (based on the complexity and grammatical accuracy of their autobiographical essays) tended to live longer and had a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This suggests that intellectual stimulation and cognitive reserve may play a role in maintaining brain health and ultimately impacting overall health and longevity.

Quiz 5: Body, Brain, and Health