Question 1

The growing _____ throughout middle age can be linked to factors such as increased expertise and income.

Accepted Answer

The growing job satisfaction throughout middle age can be linked to factors such as increased expertise and income.

Question 2

Maureen is a 45-year-old woman who radiates warmth and kindness. She gets along well with everyone in the family and also has a lot of friends who trust her completely. According to the "big five" model of personality factors, Maureen displays _____.

Accepted Answer

Maureen's characteristics of radiating warmth and kindness, getting along well with everyone, and having friends who trust her completely are all indicative of high levels of agreeableness.

Question 3

In the context of scales used to assess development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood, which of the following themes assesses the sense of authority over others?

Accepted Answer

Confident power assesses the sense of authority over others. Identity certainty focuses on a woman's sense of self and understanding of who she is. Generativity is the concern for the welfare and guidance of future generations. Concern with aging assesses a woman's anxiety or acceptance of the aging process.

Question 4

According to a study of more than 2,000 university employees conducted by Hochwarter et al. in 2001, job satisfaction _____ throughout middle adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The study by Hochwarter et al. in 2001 found that job satisfaction increased steadily throughout middle adulthood.

Question 5

Linghao, a 50-year-old artist, is imaginative and creative in his use of paints in his art class. He is likely to score high in the _____ factor of the five-factor personality model.

Accepted Answer

Linghao's imaginative and creative use of paints indicates a high level of openness to experience, which is one of the factors in the five-factor personality model. This factor measures a person's willingness to engage with new experiences and ideas, and to seek out new opportunities for discovery and growth. Linghao's artistic tendencies suggest that he is likely to be high in this factor.

Question 6

Nikita is neat, organized, and thorough with her work at the office. Based on the five-factor model of personality, she is likely to score high in _____.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness refers to the tendency to be organized, responsible, and goal-directed. Nikita's behavior suggests a high degree of conscientiousness, therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 7

Most middle-aged workers:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that middle-aged workers tend to have higher job satisfaction than younger workers. They have more experience and expertise in their field, which can lead to a greater sense of fulfillment and confidence on the job. While income may not always increase with age, job satisfaction can be a more important factor for overall happiness and well-being.

Question 8

In the context of scales used to assess development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood, which of the following themes assesses the feelings of incompetence and loneliness?

Accepted Answer

Personal distress is a theme that assesses feelings of incompetence and loneliness, specifically in relation to feelings of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Identity certainty assesses a sense of self-identity and purpose, confident power assesses feelings of control and mastery over one's life, and concern with aging assesses attitudes towards aging and the physical and social changes that come with it.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of involuntary unemployment?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary unemployment can take a toll on an individual's physical and psychological well-being due to financial stress, loss of social connections, and a sense of purposelessness. It affects everyone in this way, regardless of social support or age.

Question 10

According to the Conference Board (2010) survey, what percentage of American workers are satisfied with their jobs?

Accepted Answer

According to the Conference Board's 2010 survey, 45% of American workers reported being satisfied with their jobs.

Question 11

Tyson, a 45-year-old man, is known among his colleagues for his timely and accurate work. His bosses trust him for his thoroughness and reliability. According to the "big five" model of personality factors, Tyson displays _____.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is a personality trait characterized by being responsible, dependable, and organized. Tyson's timely and accurate work and his bosses' trust in him for his thoroughness and reliability indicate that he possesses conscientiousness.

Question 12

In the context of scales used to assess development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood, which of the following themes assesses the feeling that "I am my own person"?

Accepted Answer

The theme that assesses the feeling of "I am my own person" is identity certainty. This theme focuses on the individual's understanding and acceptance of their own identity, including their values, beliefs, and sense of individuality. Confident power assesses a woman's sense of control over her life and environment, generativity assesses a woman's ability to care for and guide the next generation, and concern with aging assesses attitudes and concerns related to the aging process.

Question 13

In the context of scales used to assess development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood, which of the following themes assesses preoccupation with death?

Accepted Answer

The theme that assesses preoccupation with death is "Concern with aging". This theme measures the extent to which an individual is preoccupied with growing older and dying. It is one of the themes included in the scales used to assess the development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood.

Question 14

Hannah is extremely sensitive in nature and is prone to moodiness. She also gets very nervous on occasions. According to the "big five" model of personality factors, Hannah displays _____.

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism is one of the "big five" personality factors and refers to a tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety, moodiness, and nervousness. This description fits Hannah's behavior.

Question 15

Stella, a 50-year-old secretary, is careless with how she prepares her reports for work and is often late for meetings. She would most likely score low on the _____ scale of the five-factor model of personality.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness refers to being organized, responsible, and dependable. Stella's behavior suggests she is not conscientious and therefore would most likely score low on this scale.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of a career change in middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that most career changes in middle adulthood involve a shift into related areas. This is because individuals have gained significant knowledge and experience from their previous career which they can apply to a new field. Additionally, there is often a desire to find a new career that aligns with personal interests and values. It is not true that career change is more common in middle adulthood than in early adulthood, nor is it always involuntary or associated with negative changes in mental health.

Question 17

Kimberly is keenly observant of things around her and uses her information to craft imaginative stories. Her writings showcase her creativity with language. According to the "big five" model of personality factors, Kimberly displays _____.

Accepted Answer

Kimberly's observation skills and creativity with language indicate a high level of openness to experience, which is one of the five factors in the "big five" model of personality. The other options, such as hyperactivity or attention deficit, do not necessarily align with Kimberly's described traits. Conscientiousness may be a factor in her writing process, but it is not the primary trait being showcased.

Question 18

Paulo is 45 years old and is often nervous and moody. His friends avoid him due to his behavior. Based on the five-factor model of personality, Paulo is likely to score high in _____.

Accepted Answer

According to the five-factor model of personality, neuroticism is associated with traits such as anxiety, moodiness, and emotional instability. Paulo's behavior matches these traits, indicating that he is likely to score high in neuroticism.

Question 19

In the context of work in middle adulthood, women aged _____ were most likely to accept jobs low in pay, as long as they liked the work.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of work in middle...

Question 20

In the context of scales used to assess development of personality in women from young adulthood through late adulthood, which of the following themes assesses the sense of being needed?

Accepted Answer

Generativity refers to the sense of contributing to the lives of others and leaving a positive legacy. This includes feeling needed and making a difference in the lives of others. Options A, B, and D are not related to the theme of being needed.

Quiz 16: Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development