Question 1

Who is more likely to emphasize physical appearance as a basis for their self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that adolescent females are more likely to place greater importance on their physical appearance as a determinant of their self-esteem, and are therefore more likely to experience negative body image and related issues such as eating disorders.

Question 2

In their research with 5th graders and 8th graders, Larson and Richards (1994) found that by the time children reach 8th grade, the percentage of time that they experience as "very happy" __________.

Accepted Answer

Larson and Richards (1994) found that by the time children reach 8th grade, the percentage of time they experience as "very happy" decreases by 50%.

Question 3

Your little sister, who is 14 years old, has been extremely emotional lately.She's moody and generally unhappy.From your developmental psychology class, you know that as she develops into late adolescence, her emotional states will __________.

Accepted Answer

Late adolescence is typically accompanied by increased stress and responsibilities, which can lead to more negative emotional states such as anxiety and depression. It is important to provide support and guidance during this time of transition.

Question 4

In what cultures do adolescents tend to be strongly peer-oriented and to value the opinions of their peers highly, especially on day-to-day issues such as how they are dressed and what they say in social situations?

Accepted Answer

Western cultures tend to have a strong emphasis on peer orientation during adolescence, with teenagers valuing the opinions of their peers greatly, particularly in regards to social situations and clothing choices. This is not to say that peer influence is absent in other cultures, but it tends to be less pronounced than in Western cultures during adolescence.

Question 5

Your 17-year-old niece is very careful not to get involved with any type of substance use and has no friends who engage in substance use of any kind.Her brother, who is 8 years older than she is, had a serious substance use problem during his high school years.What type of self is your niece concerned about?

Accepted Answer

The feared self is a concept that represents what individuals are deeply afraid of becoming. In this scenario, your niece's careful avoidance of substance use and her choice of friends who do not engage in substance use likely reflect her fear of becoming like her brother, who had a serious substance use problem. This indicates she is concerned with her feared self, as she is actively taking steps to avoid becoming someone she fears or dislikes.

Question 6

Give an example of how formal operational thinking allows adolescents to become very good at arguing or debating with their parents.Use your own example or outline what an adolescent might say to a parent who told the child to be home by midnight after the prom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give an example of how formal operational...

Question 7

Why does self-esteem rise in late adolescence and emerging adulthood?

Accepted Answer

During late adolescence and emerging adulthood, individuals start to develop a stronger sense of identity and become more independent. As a result, they may rely less on the opinions of their peers for validation and experience less pressure to conform. This increased sense of autonomy can lead to higher self-esteem.

Question 8

The actual self as defined by scholars is an adolescent's __________.

Accepted Answer

The actual self is defined as an adolescent's self-conception, which refers to their understanding of their abilities, personality traits, and values.

Question 9

A type of German literature was developed approximately 250 years ago, sturm und drang, in which young people in their teens and early twenties experienced extreme emotions of angst, sadness and romantic passion.What does sturm and drang mean?

Accepted Answer

Sturm und Drang translates to "storm and stress" in English.

Question 10

He claims to be a better athlete than he is, a better musician than he is, and much more popular than he actually is.To what type of self is he referring?

Accepted Answer

The individual is referring to his ideal self, which represents how he wishes to be or sees himself in an idealized form, rather than his real or actual self.

Question 11

What is being presented when individuals put on a self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?

Accepted Answer

When individuals put on a self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling, they are presenting a false self. This can happen in situations where they feel pressure to conform or when they want to create a specific impression on others. The false self may be different from their ideal self (what they strive to be), but it is intentionally presented to hide their true thoughts and emotions.

Question 12

Charles is a student leader, the captain of his rugby team, and a youth leader at his church, and, like many of his peers, he enjoys spending a few hours a day playing video games and checking his social media page.Which of these places represent where Charles is likely to construct a false self?

Accepted Answer

Charles is likely to construct a false self on his social media page as it is a platform where users often present an idealized version of themselves and may only show their best moments or achievements.

Question 13

Briefly describe the four features common to apprenticeship programs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the four features common to...

Question 14

To whom are adolescents least likely to show the self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?

Accepted Answer

The answer of To whom are adolescents least likely to...

Question 15

Adolescents in India mirror their American counterparts relative to emotional extremes.Which statement accurately describes a significant difference between Indian adolescents and American adolescents relative to adolescent emotional states?

Accepted Answer

Indian adolescents rate time spent with parents much more positively than American adolescents, reflecting cultural differences in family dynamics and values.

Question 16

The size of the discrepancy between the actual self and the ideal self is related to __________ in both adolescents and emerging adults.

Accepted Answer

The size of the discrepancy between the actual self and the ideal self is related to depressed mood in both adolescents and emerging adults. This discrepancy can lead to feelings of inadequacy and failure, contributing to a depressed mood.

Question 17

More than 2,000 years ago, which Greek philosopher observed that youth "are heated by Nature as drunken men by wine"?

Accepted Answer

Aristotle made this observation in his work "Politics" and is often quoted in discussions about youth behavior and impulsiveness.

Question 18

Kyle's father emphasizes the importance and value of a good education, but Kyle is academically unmotivated and historically has earned poor grades.Yet Kyle's global self-esteem is quite high.How can this be?

Accepted Answer

Kyle's high self-esteem despite poor academic performance suggests that he likely places his self-worth on aspects other than academic success, indicating he may not truly value education as highly as his father does.

Question 19

The __________ self is your self-conception, and __________ selves are the different people you could become in the future depending on your choices and experiences.

Accepted Answer

The actual self refers to how we currently see ourselves, while the possible selves refer to the various identities we might take on in the future based on our choices and experiences. Therefore, option D - actual; possible, is the best choice.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the overall conclusion of research that used the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to measure the emotional state of adolescence in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The ESM was used to track the emotional state of adolescents, not their intellectual state. The results showed that adolescence is often a time of emotional volatility, with frequent shifts in mood throughout the day.

Quiz 8: Adolescence