Question 1

Research evidence from studies that have investigated prospective memory suggests that,compared to time-based tasks,event-based tasks are generally more easily remembered.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that event-based tasks, which are triggered by an external cue or event, are generally better remembered than time-based tasks, which require remembering to perform an action at a specific point in time. Event-based tasks tend to be more salient, attention-grabbing, and less prone to interference from other ongoing activities, making them easier to remember. However, this does not mean that time-based tasks cannot be successfully remembered, particularly with the use of effective strategies such as mental rehearsal, setting reminders or alarms, and breaking the task down into smaller components.

Question 2

Most memory researchers are skeptical about the accuracy of recovered memories of abuse and cite findings on the misinformation effect,imagination inflation and the tendency to confuse real and imagined memories.

Accepted Answer

Most memory researchers are indeed skeptical about the accuracy of recovered memories of abuse and have cited various findings to support their skepticism, including the misinformation effect, imagination inflation, and the potential for confusion between real and imagined memories.

Question 3

Describe flashbulb memories and discuss the evidence surrounding their accuracy.

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Question 4

The link method of encoding is the best method to use when it is important for items to be remembered in a specific order.

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Question 5

Compare and evaluate decay theory and interference theory as explanations of forgetting.

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Question 6

Briefly explain the role of sensory memory.

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Question 7

Compare the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of short-term memory with Baddeley's more complex model of short-term memory.

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Question 8

Outline some strategies that can be used to improve everyday memory.

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Question 9

Summarize evidence on the biochemistry and neural circuitry underlying memory.

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Question 10

Describe and explain the three basic processes of memory.

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Question 11

The reconstructive nature of human memory is one factor that helps to explain why people's experience of the world can be highly subjective.

Accepted Answer

The reconstructive nature of human memory refers to the fact that memories are not simply "played back" like a recording, but rather are reconstructed and influenced by a variety of factors like past experiences, emotions, and expectations. This means that two people can experience the same event but have very different memories of it due to these subjective factors.

Question 12

Using the Atkinson and Shiffrin model of memory,describe the capacity,the durability,and the typical form of information storage in each of the three human memory systems,and identify the processes that transfer information from one system to another.

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Question 13

Briefly explain the role of attention in memory processing and discuss the debate as to whether it involves early or late selection.

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Question 14

Imagine that one week ago you moved into a new apartment and got a new phone number.If someone asks for your phone number you will probably have a hard time remembering it.However,in six months,you will probably have difficulty remembering your old phone number.According to interference theory,what processes are responsible for your failure to remember both the old and the new phone number

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Question 15

Describe how long-term memories are organized.

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Question 16

Describe the levels of processing theory described by Craik and Lockhart and the kinds of memory codes.

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Question 17

Distinguish between declarative and non-declarative memory,and semantic and episodic memory,and explain how these are interrelated.

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Question 18

Long-term potentiation refers to the production of new neurons in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a process by which the strength of synapses between neurons is increased, leading to enhanced communication and improved neural circuit function. It does not refer to the production of new neurons in the brain, which is called neurogenesis.

Question 19

Define short-term memory and describe it in terms of its temporal duration and capacity.

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Quiz 7: Human Memory