Question 1

In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease,the neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are largely centered in the
A) left hemisphere of the cortex.
B) the brain stem.
C) hippocampal region.
D) the thalamus and hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

The hippocampal region is typically the first area of the brain to be affected by Alzheimer's disease. This region plays a key role in memory, and the formation of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in this area can lead to significant cognitive decline. While other areas of the brain may also be affected as the disease progresses, the hippocampus is generally the primary focus in the early stages.

Question 2

Starting in the grade-school years,males show a slight advantage over females in ____ skills.
A) visual-spatial
B) verbal
C) social
D) writing

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that males tend to outperform females in tasks involved in manipulating objects in space, such as mental rotation of objects or navigation, which falls under the category of visual-spatial skills. However, it is important to note that there can be significant individual variation and that this difference is not all-encompassing.

Question 3

Which type of intelligence involves the ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in problem solving?
A) fluid
B) crystallized
C) episodic
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence involves using previously acquired knowledge and skills to solve problems and make decisions. This type of intelligence increases with age and experience.

Question 4

Which of the following does NOT describe a cognitive change associated with adult aging?
A) intellectual productivity begins to decline after age 50
B) speed in learning, solving problems, and processing information declines with age
C) memory losses associated with normal aging are moderate
D) there is a small decrease in average intelligence test score after age 60

Accepted Answer

Intellectual productivity does not necessarily decline with age. Many older adults continue to work and contribute in various fields, and some may experience an increase in productivity due to accumulated knowledge and experience.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is false?
A) females tend to score higher on measures of visual-spatial abilities than males
B) females tend to be more sensitive to nonverbal communication than males
C) females tend to exhibit slightly better verbal skills than males
D) males tend to exhibit slightly better mathematical abilities than females

Accepted Answer

This statement is false as research has shown that males tend to score higher on measures of visual-spatial abilities than females.

Question 6

____ gender stereotypes accurately reflect gender differences.
A) Most
B) Relatively many
C) Relatively few
D) No

Accepted Answer

Relatively few gender stereotypes accurately reflect actual gender differences. Most stereotypes are oversimplifications and do not account for the wide variability within genders.

Question 7

Which type of intelligence involves basic reasoning ability,memory capacity,and speed of information processing?
A) fluid
B) crystallized
C) episodic
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence involves basic reasoning ability, memory capacity, and speed of information processing. It refers to the ability to reason and solve novel problems independent of any prior knowledge or experience.

Question 8

One's sex is ____ determined; one's gender is ____ determined.
A) culturally; biologically
B) culturally; culturally
C) biologically; culturally
D) biologically; biologically

Accepted Answer

One's sex is biologically determined by their reproductive system and anatomy, while one's gender is culturally determined by the societal expectations and norms associated with being male or female. Gender can vary across cultures and time periods, while sex is determined solely by biology.

Question 9

If you were viewing the brain of an individual who had died from Alzheimer's disease,you would expect to see
A) a significant reduction in the levels of serotonin within the brain.
B) neural abnormalities, including neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
C) enlarged brain ventricles and deep cortical creases.
D) a significant decrease in the number of neurons in the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

Neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are characteristic findings in the brain of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. These abnormalities are thought to contribute to the cognitive decline and memory problems associated with the disease. A reduction in serotonin levels, enlarged brain ventricles, and a decrease in hypothalamic neurons may also be present in Alzheimer's disease, but they are not as characteristic or prominent as neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.

Question 10

The course of progressive deterioration that results in death associated with Alzheimer's disease is typically ____ years in length.
A) 1-2
B) 3-6
C) 8-10
D) 10-15

Accepted Answer

The course of progressive deterioration associated with Alzheimer's disease is typically 8-10 years in length.

Question 11

Differing views on the course and nature of changes in personality across the lifespan illustrates which of the following unifying themes from your text?
A) Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
B) Psychology is theoretically diverse.
C) Heredity and environment jointly influence behavior.
D) Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage.

Accepted Answer

The differing views on the course and nature of changes in personality highlight the theoretical diversity in psychology, as different theories may offer differing perspectives on how personality changes or remains stable throughout the lifespan.

Question 12

Which of the following is MOST likely to decline in the later years?
A) intellectual accomplishment
B) procedural memory
C) problem-solving ability
D) speed in processing information

Accepted Answer

Speed in processing information is known to decline with age due to changes in the brain's processing speed and efficiency. While intellectual accomplishment and problem-solving ability may decline for some individuals, they can also continue to develop and improve with age. Procedural memory, which is responsible for motor skills and habits, may decline in some individuals but can also be maintained with practice and repetition.

Question 13

Harry has always been a vital and active individual,however recently he has begun having difficulty remembering newly learned information after brief periods of time.What disorder are his symptoms indicative of?
A) normal aging
B) Alzheimers disease
C) Parkinson's disease
D) senility

Accepted Answer

Harry's symptoms are indicative of the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Normal aging may lead to some minor memory lapses, but not to the extent seen in Alzheimer's disease. Parkinson's disease primarily affects motor functions, while "senility" is an outdated term that does not accurately describe any specific disorder.

Question 14

Tim is 80 years old and he spends several hours per day reading,writing,and playing board games.Tim's activities reduce his risk of age-related decline in
A) memory.
B) processing speed.
C) problem-solving.
D) cardiovascular health.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tim is 80 years old and he...

Question 15

Roughly 70% of all cases of dementia result from
A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) Parkinson's disease.
C) strokes and cerebral hemorrhages.
D) neuronal loss that is part of the normal aging process.

Accepted Answer

According to the Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's disease accounts for approximately 70% of all cases of dementia.

Question 16

Bernard is now 80 years old.When he was 20 years old he took part in a detailed study that assessed various aspects of his intellectual functioning.If Bernard were to complete the same tests today,he would MOST likely discover that
A) his fluid intelligence has declined over time, but his crystallized intelligence has remained stable.
B) both his fluid and crystallized intelligence have declined over time.
C) his crystallized intelligence has declined over time, but his fluid intelligence has remained stable.
D) his fluid intelligence has remained stable over time, and his crystallized intelligence has increased.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence is the ability to solve new problems and is known to decline with age, while crystallized intelligence is accumulated knowledge and skills that remain stable or may even increase with age. Therefore, it is likely that Bernard's fluid intelligence has declined over time while his crystallized intelligence has remained stable since he has acquired more knowledge and skills over the years.

Question 17

Investigations of complex,real-world issues,such as the effects of day care,illustrate which of the textbook's unifying themes?
A) Our experience of the world is highly subjective.
B) Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
C) Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage.
D) Psychology is theoretically diverse.

Accepted Answer

The investigation of the effects of day care demonstrates the unifying theme that psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context, as day care has become an increasingly common phenomenon in Western societies over recent decades.

Question 18

Piaget asserted that the child's experiences in the world,in combination with maturation,together influence the child's cognitive development.This assertion BEST reflects the unifying theme in psychology that
A) psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
B) heredity and environment jointly influence behavior.
C) psychology is theoretically diverse.
D) our experience of the world is highly subjective.

Accepted Answer

The assertion made by Piaget reflects the biopsychosocial approach, which emphasizes that both nature (maturation) and nurture (experiences in the world) jointly influence development. This approach recognizes that both heredity and environment have an impact on behavior and provides an integrative framework for understanding human development.

Question 19

Research suggests that all of the following factors reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease EXCEPT
A) participation in regular exercise or recreation.
B) participation in mentally challenging work.
C) active social engagement.
D) a low-fat, low-salt diet.

Accepted Answer

Research does not support the claim that a low-fat, low-salt diet reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, regular exercise, mentally challenging work, and social engagement have been shown to have a protective effect against Alzheimer's disease.

Question 20

Which type of intelligence tends to remain stable as a person ages?
A) fluid
B) crystallized
C) episodic
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to acquired knowledge and skills, and therefore tends to remain stable or even increase with age as individuals accumulate more experiences and information. In contrast, fluid intelligence, which involves problem-solving and abstract thinking, tends to decline with age. Episodic and procedural intelligence are not widely recognized as distinct types of intelligence.

Quiz 11: Human Development Across the Life Span

In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease,the neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are largely centered in the

Starting in the grade-school years,males show a slight advantage over females in ____ skills.

Which type of intelligence involves the ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in problem solving?

Which of the following does NOT describe a cognitive change associated with adult aging?

Which of the following statements is false?

____ gender stereotypes accurately reflect gender differences.

Which type of intelligence involves basic reasoning ability,memory capacity,and speed of information processing?

One's sex is determined; one's gender is determined.

If you were viewing the brain of an individual who had died from Alzheimer's disease,you would expect to see

The course of progressive deterioration that results in death associated with Alzheimer's disease is typically ____ years in length.

Differing views on the course and nature of changes in personality across the lifespan illustrates which of the following unifying themes from your text?

Which of the following is MOST likely to decline in the later years?

Harry has always been a vital and active individual,however recently he has begun having difficulty remembering newly learned information after brief periods of time.What disorder are his symptoms indicative of?

Tim is 80 years old and he spends several hours per day reading,writing,and playing board games.Tim's activities reduce his risk of age-related decline in

Roughly 70% of all cases of dementia result from

Bernard is now 80 years old.When he was 20 years old he took part in a detailed study that assessed various aspects of his intellectual functioning.If Bernard were to complete the same tests today,he would MOST likely discover that

Investigations of complex,real-world issues,such as the effects of day care,illustrate which of the textbook's unifying themes?

Piaget asserted that the child's experiences in the world,in combination with maturation,together influence the child's cognitive development.This assertion BEST reflects the unifying theme in psychology that

Research suggests that all of the following factors reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease EXCEPT

Which type of intelligence tends to remain stable as a person ages?