Question 1

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-a molecule of DNA and associated proteins

Accepted Answer

A chromosome is a long, coiled-up strand of DNA and protein molecules that carries a large number of genes.

Answer: F
 A mutation is a change that occurs in a DNA sequence that can affect the resulting protein and, as a result, the phenotype.

Answer: A
 An allele is a variant of a gene that governs a particular trait, resulting in different forms of the same gene.

Answer: C
 A gene is a segment of DNA that controls a particular protein trait in an organism.

Answer: D
 Phenotype refers to the observable characteristics of an organism arising from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Answer: B
 Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism and its possible combination of alleles that are responsible for a specific trait.

Question 2

Explain the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype of a given trait.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the relationship between the genotype and...

Question 3

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below.
-The color of wheat kernels is controlled by the interaction of two separate genes,with one gene affecting the expression of the other gene.

Accepted Answer

Epistasis occurs when the expression of one gene is influenced by the expression of another gene. In this case, one gene affects the expression of another gene, resulting in the observed interaction.

Question 4

What type of inheritance pattern is indicated in the body size of the dogs shown below? How does this pattern differ from Mendelian traits?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of inheritance pattern is indicated...

Question 5

A single gene with one dominant allele for black hair (B)and one recessive allele for brown hair (b)controls hair color in mice.A male mouse with black hair mates with a female mouse with brown hair and they have 12 offspring.Are you able to determine the predicted ratio of hair color in their offspring using a Punnett square? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A single gene with one dominant allele...

Question 6

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-a variant of a given gene

Accepted Answer

An allele is a variant form of a gene that arises by mutation and is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome.

Answer: B
 Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including all of its genes, alleles, and variations.

Answer: C
 A gene is a DNA unit that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or RNA molecule, which influences the development and function of an organism.

Answer: D
 Phenotype refers to the physical characteristics, traits, and behaviors of an organism that arise from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment.

Answer: E
 A chromosome is a long, coiled strand of DNA that contains many genes and other regulatory elements.

Answer: F
 A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which may alter or disrupt the function of the gene and can lead to a different phenotype.

Question 7

If Gregor Mendel had studied a polygenic trait that did not follow the straightforward single-gene,single-phenotype pattern,do you believe he would have been able to describe how genes are passed from parents to offspring? Justify your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Gregor Mendel had studied a polygenic...

Question 8

Up to 300 inherited diseases found in dogs are similar to human diseases.Based on the information shown below,why might it be easier to study the genetics of these diseases in dogs rather than in humans?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Up to 300 inherited diseases found in...

Question 9

Is it possible for two organisms with the same genotype to have different phenotypes? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Is it possible for two organisms with...

Question 10

If an individual is a carrier for a recessive disorder (with one copy of the recessive allele)and his or her partner is also a carrier,what is the probability that they will produce a child affected by the disorder? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an individual is a carrier for...

Question 11

How is Mendel's law of segregation represented in a Punnett square?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is Mendel's law of segregation represented...

Question 12

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below.
-A human's ability to roll his or her tongue is dependent on a single gene that is either dominant or recessive.

Accepted Answer

This statement describes a Mendelian trait, which is a trait determined by a single gene with dominant or recessive inheritance.

Question 13

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-a physical characteristic seen in an organism

Accepted Answer

Phenotype refers to the observable physical characteristics of an organism, which result from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Question 14

Differentiate between pleiotropy and polygenic traits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between pleiotropy and polygenic traits....

Question 15

Gregor Mendel began his studies by crossing plants that bred true for flower color.One parent bred true for purple flower color and the other parent bred true for white flower color.The flower color purple is dominant and the flower color white is recessive.If Mendel had erroneously crossed purple-flowered plants that were not true-breeding with white-flowered plants,how would this have altered the first generation produced?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gregor Mendel began his studies by crossing...

Question 16

Jennifer uses a dihybrid cross of fruit flies to examine inheritance patterns for eye color (black or white)and head shape (round or elongated).This cross produces 10,000 offspring,and the ratio is 1 (black eyes,round head): 1 (black eyes,elongated head): 1 (white eyes,round head): 1 (white eyes,elongated head).Is this what Jennifer should have expected from a dihybrid cross? Explain why or why not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jennifer uses a dihybrid cross of fruit...

Question 17

Match the following terms with their definitions.
-a section of DNA that controls a genetic trait

Accepted Answer

A gene is a section of DNA that controls a genetic trait. It is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA and act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

Question 18

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below.
-A parent with curly hair and a parent with straight hair produce a child with wavy hair.

Accepted Answer

Incomplete dominance is the correct answer because it describes a situation where the phenotype of the heterozygote (the child in this case) is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes (the parents with curly and straight hair). This results in the child having wavy hair, which is a blend of the parents' traits.

Question 19

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below.
-The frizzle gene in chickens affects many traits,including feather type,metabolic rate,blood flow rates,and digestion.

Accepted Answer

Pleiotropy is the mode of inheritance in which a single gene affects multiple traits. The frizzle gene affecting multiple traits in chickens is an example of pleiotropy.

Question 20

Miles is a student studying two Mendelian traits in a plant.He creates a Punnett square to examine the phenotype ratio in the F₂ generation.Interestingly,Miles finds that the phenotype ratio does not match up with the predicted phenotypes.He soon realizes that the two genes are physically linked to each other on the same chromosome.How would close physical proximity on the same chromosome affect the law of independent assortment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Miles is a student studying two Mendelian...

Quiz 7: Patterns of Inheritance

Match the following terms with their definitions. -a molecule of DNA and associated proteins

Explain the relationship between the genotype and the phenotype of a given trait.

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below. -The color of wheat kernels is controlled by the interaction of two separate genes,with one gene affecting the expression of the other gene.

What type of inheritance pattern is indicated in the body size of the dogs shown below? How does this pattern differ from Mendelian traits?

Match the following terms with their definitions. -a variant of a given gene

If Gregor Mendel had studied a polygenic trait that did not follow the straightforward single-gene,single-phenotype pattern,do you believe he would have been able to describe how genes are passed from parents to offspring? Justify your answer.

Up to 300 inherited diseases found in dogs are similar to human diseases.Based on the information shown below,why might it be easier to study the genetics of these diseases in dogs rather than in humans?

Is it possible for two organisms with the same genotype to have different phenotypes? Explain your answer.

If an individual is a carrier for a recessive disorder (with one copy of the recessive allele)and his or her partner is also a carrier,what is the probability that they will produce a child affected by the disorder? Explain your answer.

How is Mendel's law of segregation represented in a Punnett square?

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below. -A human's ability to roll his or her tongue is dependent on a single gene that is either dominant or recessive.

Match the following terms with their definitions. -a physical characteristic seen in an organism

Differentiate between pleiotropy and polygenic traits.

Match the following terms with their definitions. -a section of DNA that controls a genetic trait

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below. -A parent with curly hair and a parent with straight hair produce a child with wavy hair.

Match a mode of inheritance to a statement listed below. -The frizzle gene in chickens affects many traits,including feather type,metabolic rate,blood flow rates,and digestion.