Question 1

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A brain structure that regulates movement and balance and that is involved in the learning of certain kinds of simple responses.

Accepted Answer

The description best matches the cerebellum, which is responsible for regulating movement and balance.

Answer: A
 The medulla controls vital functions such as respiration and heart rate, but is not involved in learning responses.

Answer: C
 The pons is involved in relaying sensory information and controlling facial expressions, and is not primarily associated with movement and balance.

Answer: B
 The reticular activating system controls sleep and arousal, and is not directly involved in movement and balance.

Answer: E
 The thalamus relays sensory information to the cortex, and is not primarily involved in movement and balance.

Question 2

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex.
-Involved in memory, perception, and emotion; contains the auditory cortex; and, in the left hemisphere, is involved in language comprehension.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is involved in memory, perception, and emotion, contains the auditory cortex, and in the left hemisphere, is involved in language comprehension.

Answer: B
 The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information.

Answer: C
 The prefrontal lobe is involved in higher order thinking, decision-making, and personality expression.

Answer: D
 The frontal lobe is responsible for higher-level thinking, planning, and movement control.

Answer: E
 The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information from the body, including touch and spatial awareness.

Question 3

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A structure in the brain stem involved in, among other things, sleeping, waking, and dreaming.

Accepted Answer

The pons is a part of the brainstem that is involved in regulating sleep, waking, and dreaming.

Question 4

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex.
-Contains the visual cortex, where visual signals are processed.

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobe contains the visual cortex, which is responsible for processing visual signals.

Answer: A
 The temporal lobe is involved in the processing of auditory information, memory, and language, and is also involved in some aspects of vision.

Answer: D
 The frontal lobe is involved in higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, planning, and problem-solving. It also controls voluntary movement.

Answer: E
 The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information, including touch, temperature, and body position. It also contributes to spatial perception and attention.

Answer: C
 The prefrontal cortex is responsible for a range of higher-level cognitive functions, including working memory, attention, and decision-making. It is also important for regulating emotional responses.

Question 5

Because the brain is the site of consciousness, neuroscientists disagree about what language to use in discussing it. Describe the dilemma involved in explaining the circuitry and cells of the human brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because the brain is the site of...

Question 6

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method.
-A method for analyzing biochemical activity in the brain using injections of a glucose-like substance containing a radioactive element.

Accepted Answer

PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is the method that involves injections of a radioactive substance to track biochemical activity in the brain.

Answer: A
 fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a method that measures changes in blood flow to indicate neural activity in real-time.

Answer: C
 EEG (Electroencephalography) is a method that measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp.

Answer: D
 MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a method that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain's structure and function.

Answer: E
 TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) is a method that involves applying magnetic pulses to the scalp to stimulate or disrupt activity in specific areas of the brain. It is not an imaging or recording method.

Question 7

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A brain structure involved in the storage of new information in memory.

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a brain structure that plays a key role in the formation and storage of new memories. It is located in the temporal lobe of the cerebrum.

Question 8

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A structure in the brain stem responsible for certain automatic functions, such as breathing and heart rate.

Accepted Answer

The medulla is located in the brain stem and is responsible for automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate.

Answer: B 
 The reticular activating system is also located in the brain stem and is responsible for regulating arousal and sleep/wake transitions.

Answer: C 
 The pons is located in the brain stem and serves as a relay center between the cerebellum and other brain regions.

Answer: D 
 The cerebellum is located in the lower back part of the brain and is responsible for coordination of movement and balance.

Answer: E 
 The thalamus is located in the middle of the brain and serves as a relay center for incoming sensory information.

Question 9

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method.
-A method for recording neural activity detected by coin-like electrodes taped to the scalp.

Accepted Answer

EEG (electroencephalography) involves placing electrodes on the scalp to measure the electrical activity generated by the brain.

Answer: A
 fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) uses magnetic fields to measure changes in blood oxygenation levels in the brain, which can indicate which areas of the brain are active during a particular task.

Answer: B
 PET (positron emission tomography) involves injecting a radioactive tracer into the bloodstream and measuring the resulting gamma rays emitted from brain cells. This provides information on brain metabolism and activity.

Answer: D
 MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) uses magnetic fields to create detailed images of brain structure and tissue.

Answer: E
 TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation) involves using a magnetic coil to stimulate or inhibit neural activity in a specific area of the brain. It is not a recording method, but rather a method for manipulating brain activity.

Question 10

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-The bundle of nerve fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.

Accepted Answer

The bundle of nerve fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres is called the corpus callosum.

Answer: B
 The hypothalamus is a small region at the base of the brain that is involved in regulating a wide range of bodily functions, including temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep.

Answer: C
 The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for conscious thought and voluntary movement.

Answer: D
 The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure located deep within the temporal lobes that is involved in processing emotional information.

Answer: E
 The hippocampus is a curved, seahorse-shaped structure located in the temporal lobes that plays a key role in the formation of new memories.

Question 11

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A brain structure involved in the arousal and regulation of emotion and the initial emotional response to sensory information.

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is responsible for the arousal and regulation of emotion, as well as the initial emotional response to sensory information.

Answer: B 
 The hypothalamus is involved in regulating a variety of bodily functions, including emotions, hunger and thirst, and body temperature.

Answer: C 
 The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for conscious thought, sensation, and voluntary movement.

Answer: E 
 The hippocampus is crucial for memory formation and spatial navigation.

Question 12

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method.
-A method of recording ultrafast changes in brain activity to determine the areas of the brain involved in a particular task.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain...

Question 13

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex.
-Is involved in personality, social judgment, rational decision-making, and the ability to set goals.

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for personality, judgment, decision-making, and goal-setting.

Answer: D
 The frontal lobe is responsible for executive functions such as reasoning, planning, and problem-solving.

Answer: A
 The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing and memory.

Answer: B
 The occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing.

Answer: E
 The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pressure.

Question 14

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A dense network of neurons in the core of the brain stem that arouses the cortex and screens incoming information.

Accepted Answer

The reticular activating system is a network of neurons located in the core of the brain stem which regulates sleep and arousal, screens incoming information and sends it to other areas of the brain.

Answer: A 
 The medulla is part of the brain stem involved in vital functions such as breathing and heart rate.

Answer: C 
 The pons is another part of the brain stem which plays a role in sleep, breathing, and transmitting signals between different parts of the brain.

Answer: D 
 The cerebellum is a structure located at the back of the brain which is responsible for coordinating movement, balance, and posture.

Answer: E 
 The thalamus is a structure deep inside the brain which acts as a relay station for sensory information, processing and sending it to other parts of the brain.

Question 15

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex.
-Contains motor cortex; is involved in short-term memory, emotion, the ability to make plans, think creatively, and take initiative; and, in the left hemisphere, is involved in speech production.

Accepted Answer

Contains motor cortex and is involved in short-term memory, emotion, the ability to make plans, think creatively, and take initiative; in the left hemisphere, it is involved in speech production.

Answer: A
 Involved in processing auditory information and in the formation of long-term memories, including memory of visual scenes.

Answer: C
 Involved in decision-making, personality, and social behavior.

Answer: B
 Involved in processing and interpreting visual information.

Answer: E
 Involved in processing sensory information from the body, including touch, temperature, and pain.

Question 16

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A brain structure involved in emotions and drives vital to survival, such as fear, hunger, thirst, and reproduction.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions and drives such as hunger, thirst, and reproduction.

Answer: D 
 The amygdala is responsible for processing emotions, particularly fear.

Answer: E 
 The hippocampus is responsible for forming and storing memories.

Possible additional answer: 
Answer: C 
 The cerebrum is responsible for conscious thought and voluntary actions, but it does have some involvement in emotions as well.

Question 17

Explain the role of the nervous system when you immediately pull your hand away from something hot.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the role of the nervous system...

Question 18

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex.
-Contains the somatosensory cortex and is also involved in attention and various mental operations.

Accepted Answer

The somatosensory cortex is located in the parietal lobe.

Answer: D
 The frontal lobe is involved in attention and various mental operations.

Answer: A
 The temporal lobe processes auditory perception and is involved in language and memory.

Answer: B
 The occipital lobe processes visual information.

Answer: C
 The prefrontal cortex is involved in decision-making and social behavior.

Question 19

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-The largest brain structure, it is in charge of most sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.

Accepted Answer

The cerebrum is the largest brain structure and is responsible for most sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.

Answer: B
 The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating various bodily functions, such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep.

Answer: C
 The cerebrum is the largest brain structure and is responsible for most sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.

Answer: D
 The amygdala is critical in processing emotions, particularly fear, and other emotional responses.

Answer: E
 The hippocampus plays a crucial role in forming new memories and spatial navigation.

Question 20

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure.
-A brain structure that relays sensory messages to the cerebral cortex.

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is a brain structure that acts as a relay station for sensory information from the senses (except for smell) to the cerebral cortex.

Other choices:
A) medulla - controls vital life functions such as breathing and heart rate
B) reticular activating system - plays a role in arousal and attention
C) pons - involved in sleep, respiration, and facial movements
D) cerebellum - coordinates voluntary movement and balance.

Quiz 4: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A brain structure that regulates movement and balance and that is involved in the learning of certain kinds of simple responses.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex. -Involved in memory, perception, and emotion; contains the auditory cortex; and, in the left hemisphere, is involved in language comprehension.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A structure in the brain stem involved in, among other things, sleeping, waking, and dreaming.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex. -Contains the visual cortex, where visual signals are processed.

Because the brain is the site of consciousness, neuroscientists disagree about what language to use in discussing it. Describe the dilemma involved in explaining the circuitry and cells of the human brain.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method. -A method for analyzing biochemical activity in the brain using injections of a glucose-like substance containing a radioactive element.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A brain structure involved in the storage of new information in memory.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A structure in the brain stem responsible for certain automatic functions, such as breathing and heart rate.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method. -A method for recording neural activity detected by coin-like electrodes taped to the scalp.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -The bundle of nerve fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A brain structure involved in the arousal and regulation of emotion and the initial emotional response to sensory information.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain imaging or recording method. -A method of recording ultrafast changes in brain activity to determine the areas of the brain involved in a particular task.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex. -Is involved in personality, social judgment, rational decision-making, and the ability to set goals.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A dense network of neurons in the core of the brain stem that arouses the cortex and screens incoming information.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex. -Contains motor cortex; is involved in short-term memory, emotion, the ability to make plans, think creatively, and take initiative; and, in the left hemisphere, is involved in speech production.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A brain structure involved in emotions and drives vital to survival, such as fear, hunger, thirst, and reproduction.

Explain the role of the nervous system when you immediately pull your hand away from something hot.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate lobe of cortex. -Contains the somatosensory cortex and is also involved in attention and various mental operations.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -The largest brain structure, it is in charge of most sensory, motor, and cognitive processes.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate brain structure. -A brain structure that relays sensory messages to the cerebral cortex.