Question 1

Define mixed methods research and list its advantages.

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Question 2

Distinguish between the two big categories of quantitative research and describe some specific methodologies included in each category.

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Question 3

Describe the main differences between the quantitative and the qualitative approaches in educational research.

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Question 4

Distinguish experimental research and ex post facto research.

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Question 5

Exhibit 2-10: Indicate whether the following characteristics apply to the quantitative or qualitative approach in educational research.
-Refer to Exhibit 2-10.Cause-and-effect relationships are sought.

Accepted Answer

Cause-and-effect relationships are a key focus of quantitative research, where empirical data is collected, analyzed, and tested statistically to establish causal relationships between variables. Qualitative research, on the other hand, aims to explore and understand complex phenomena, often through interpretive and subjective methods such as interviews, observations, and case studies.

Question 6

Distinguish between continuous and categorical variables and give an example of each.

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Question 7

Based on methodology, what are the two broad types of educational research?

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Question 8

List the steps that are common to all research studies regardless of methodology.

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Question 9

Exhibit 2-10: Indicate whether the following characteristics apply to the quantitative or qualitative approach in educational research.
-Refer to Exhibit 2-10.Seeks the meaning of experiences from the participants' perspective.

Accepted Answer

Seeking the meaning of experiences from the participants' perspective is a characteristic of the qualitative approach in educational research. Qualitative research methods focus on exploring and understanding complex social phenomena through the participants' perspective and experiences.

Question 10

Define operational definition and state its importance in research.

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Question 11

Which of the following would be most like an ethnographic research study?

Accepted Answer

An ethnographic research study typically involves observing and describing the cultural practices and experiences of a particular group of people. The study described in option C is the closest to an ethnographic study as it focuses on the experiences of immigrants from Mexico in a specific context (enrollment in ESL classes at a community center). Option A is more of a comparative educational research study, option B is a correlational study, and option D is a quantitative survey research study.

Question 12

List three types of qualitative research.

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Question 13

Recent reports have suggested that children who play soccer may sustain brain injury resulting from repeated hits to the head by the soccer ball.What methodology would you recommend to investigate the claim that children who play soccer have more brain injuries?

Accepted Answer

An ex post facto study would be the best methodology to investigate this claim. It would compare brain injuries for two pre-existing groups, one who has played soccer and another group who has been in a sport like swimming where they were not routinely hit in the head. This provides a more naturalistic analysis of the relationship between soccer and brain injuries, without the potential confounding factors of an experimental study or the limited information from a survey.

Question 14

List three types of quantitative research.

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Question 15

List three characteristics of quantitative research.

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Question 16

What is an operational definitional and what purpose does it serve in research studies? Give an example of an operational definition.

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Question 17

Exhibit 2-10: Indicate whether the following characteristics apply to the quantitative or qualitative approach in educational research.
-Refer to Exhibit 2-10.Generalizations are made from one time and place to other times and places.

Accepted Answer

This characteristic applies to the quantitative approach in educational research, as one of the goals of quantitative research is to generalize findings to larger populations beyond the specific time and place of the study. Qualitative research, on the other hand, tends to focus on understanding experiences and perspectives within specific contexts rather than making generalizations.

Question 18

Exhibit 2-10: Indicate whether the following characteristics apply to the quantitative or qualitative approach in educational research.
-Refer to Exhibit 2-10.Hypotheses emerge after careful exploration and observation.

Accepted Answer

This characteristic applies to the qualitative approach, which involves careful exploration and observation in order to develop hypotheses. The quantitative approach is more structured and typically involves testing pre-existing hypotheses through numerical data analysis.

Question 19

List three characteristics of qualitative research.

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Quiz 2: The Scientific Approach in Education