Question 1

Your healthy and active grandfather strains his back while helping you move your furniture.You have injured your back as well,so you give him the same over-the-counter pain reliever as the one you take,and in the same dosage.Unfortunately,your grandfather quickly develops severe stomach pain and is found to be bleeding into his stomach.What has he experienced?

Accepted Answer

Your grandfather has experienced an adverse reaction to the over-the-counter pain reliever. This means that he had an unexpected and harmful reaction to the medication, which is a known possible side effect. It is important to note that just because the medication worked well for you, it does not mean that it is safe or effective for everyone, as different people may have different reactions or underlying medical conditions that can affect their response to the drug. It is important to always read the label and instructions carefully, and to consult with a healthcare professional before taking any new medication or giving it to someone else, especially if they are older or have other health issues that can increase their risk of adverse reactions or drug interactions.

Question 2

What route of administration is the easiest,but is often slower than other routes?

Accepted Answer

Oral administration is the easiest route as it only requires swallowing a medication, but it is often slower than other routes as it has to pass through the digestive system before entering the bloodstream.

Question 3

Your uncle takes nitroglycerin,a vasodilator,for angina,a type of chest pain.When he feels pain from angina,he places a nitroglycerin tablet under his tongue and lets it dissolve.This route of administration is known as .

Accepted Answer

The route of administration described is sublingual, meaning the medication is placed under the tongue for rapid absorption into the bloodstream. Subcutaneous would involve injection under the skin, buccal would involve placement in the cheek, and transdermal would involve absorption through the skin via a patch or ointment.

Question 4

Your friend is given an antianxiety medication before a medical procedure.Rather than relaxing,however,your friend becomes agitated and starts shouting at people.This type of reaction is known as a(n) .

Accepted Answer

A paradoxical reaction is a response to a medication that is the opposite of what is expected. In this case, the antianxiety medication should have relaxed the friend, but instead caused agitation and shouting.

Question 5

The decreased response to a drug that develops after repeated doses are given is known as .

Accepted Answer

Tolerance refers to the body's decreased response to a drug after repeated doses are administered. This means that higher doses of the drug are needed to achieve the same effect as before, leading to potential risks of overdose. Physical dependence and withdrawal are related to the body's physiological adaptation to the drug and the symptoms experienced when the drug is discontinued. Dose-response paradox is not a commonly used term in pharmacology.

Quiz 3: Sources and Bodily Effects of Drugs

What route of administration is the easiest,but is often slower than other routes?

Your uncle takes nitroglycerin,a vasodilator,for angina,a type of chest pain.When he feels pain from angina,he places a nitroglycerin tablet under his tongue and lets it dissolve.This route of administration is known as .

Your friend is given an antianxiety medication before a medical procedure.Rather than relaxing,however,your friend becomes agitated and starts shouting at people.This type of reaction is known as a(n) .

The decreased response to a drug that develops after repeated doses are given is known as .