Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a currently accepted component of a multilevel conception of cohesion?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion in group dynamics typically refers to the forces that bind members together, such as attraction to the group (A), unity (B), teamwork (C), and positive affective tone (D). The concept of a "strength of group mind" (E) is not a commonly accepted component of group cohesion in contemporary psychology or organizational behavior literature.

Question 2

The stages in Tuckman's group development model are,in order,

Accepted Answer

Tuckman's group development model consists of the stages forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. The correct order is forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning, which is reflected in option B. The other options either mix up the order of the stages or include additional stages that are not part of Tuckman's original model.

Question 3

A police task force working to reduce violent crime lacked cohesion initially,and even spent several months embroiled in conflict.Gradually,it became better organized and more effective.Members worked together well for several years,then the group disbanded.The task force's development is consistent with a ___ model.

Accepted Answer

The task force's development follows a successive-stage model, which describes a group's progression through distinct stages: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. The initial lack of cohesion and conflict aligns with the storming stage, followed by improved organization and effectiveness in the norming and performing stages, and finally disbanding in the adjourning stage.

Question 4

___ groups tend to be more cohesive than ___ groups.

Accepted Answer

Closed groups, such as those with membership restrictions or a common identity, tend to be more cohesive than open groups where membership is more fluid and diverse. Open groups can have greater diversity of ideas and perspectives, but this can also lead to less cohesion and more difficulty in reaching consensus. Closed groups with a shared identity or goal can have clearer boundaries and goals, which can promote a stronger sense of cohesion among members.

Question 5

Which statement describes a group at the orientation,or forming,stage of development?

Accepted Answer

In the orientation or forming stage of group development, members typically are trying to understand the group's purpose, structure, and leadership. This often leads to members going along with the leader's suggestions as they are still figuring out their roles, norms, and relationships within the group.

Question 6

The U.S.Hockey team,when it played the Russians,was likely at the ___ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

The U.S Hockey team had already gone through the forming, storming, norming phases and had reached a performing stage when they played against the Russians. This is evident from their teamwork, communication, and ability to execute their game plan successfully. Therefore, the best choice would be E- performing.

Question 7

The Strikers,a soccer team,goes through periods where members play well and show great unity,but between these phases they tend to experience periods of internal conflict.The Striker's development is consistent with a ___ model.

Accepted Answer

The Strikers' development is characterized by periods of good performance and unity, followed by periods of internal conflict, which suggests a cyclical model of development. This model suggests that a group's development is not linear, but rather, it goes through cycles of growth, decline, and repeat. The Strikers experience this pattern of growth and decline, with the team cycling back to periods of unity and good performance after going through internal conflicts.

Question 8

When you are traveling by plane,what stage would you like your cockpit crew to have attained?

Accepted Answer

The performing stage is the most desirable stage for a cockpit crew to be in while flying a plane. This is when the crew has established clear communication, trust, and a sense of shared responsibility for the safety of the flight. They are able to quickly and effectively respond to any unexpected situations that may arise, ultimately ensuring a safe and smooth flight.

Question 9

People in a group are nervous,very quiet,and overly polite because they have only just met one another.The group is

Accepted Answer

The nervousness, quietness, and politeness indicate that the group is in the forming, or orientation, stage. In this stage, group members are still getting to know each other and establishing their roles and expectations within the group. It is common for individuals to feel uncertain and cautious during this stage.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Certain group structures, such as those with clear goals, norms, and communication patterns, are more likely to promote cohesiveness among members. Cohesive groups are also generally more structured than non-cohesive groups, as they often have established roles and norms that govern behavior. The presence of highly unified subgroups may or may not contribute to group cohesiveness, depending on how well these subgroups are integrated into the larger group. Finally, the level of cohesion in a group is not necessarily related to whether the group is stratified or has extended and mutual ties among all members.

Question 11

Group structures,like roles and authority hierarchies,develop during the ____ stage.

Accepted Answer

During the norming stage of group development, the group establishes clear roles and authority hierarchies to facilitate work towards common goals.

Question 12

A campus group that was trying to prevent hazing discussed its options for several years.However,when a student died from hazing,the group became more unified and productive,and eventually it changed the campus's attitude toward hazing.The task force's development is MOST consistent with a ___ model.

Accepted Answer

The development of the task force is consistent with punctuated equilibrium model, which suggests that change occurs in bursts after long periods of stability. The group discussed options for several years without much progress or change. However, the death of a student served as a "disruptive event" that caused the group to become more unified and productive, leading to a significant change in attitude toward hazing. This fits the pattern of punctuated equilibrium, where a long period of stability is interrupted by a sudden burst of change following a disruptive event.

Question 13

Several experts who study group development believe that

Accepted Answer

Several experts who study group development believe that conflict is a normal and necessary part of group interaction. This is because conflict often leads to discussion and negotiation, which can result in new ideas and solutions. Avoiding conflict altogether can lead to stagnation and lack of progress within a group.

Question 14

____ is greater in noncohesive groups than in cohesive groups.

Accepted Answer

In noncohesive groups, there is generally a higher tolerance for deviant behavior or differing opinions because the group's bond is not as strong, leading to less pressure for conformity and a greater acceptance of deviancy compared to cohesive groups where conformity and uniformity are often emphasized.

Question 15

Cohesiveness can be measured by

Accepted Answer

All of the methods listed can be used to measure cohesiveness, and there is no one "best" choice as it may depend on the specific situation and the preferences of the researcher. Observing how well teams work together, noting pronoun use, conducting sociometry, and using self-report scales like the Group Attitude Scale are all valid ways to measure cohesiveness.

Question 16

Which is one of the stages of development identified by Tuckman?

Accepted Answer

Tuckman identified four stages of development in groups, and one of them is forming. The other stages are storming, norming, and performing.

Question 17

Elizabeth measures how groups change and evolve over time.She studies

Accepted Answer

Elizabeth's focus on measuring how groups change and evolve over time indicates that she is studying group development, which is the process by which groups form, grow, and disband. The other options, cognitive dissonance, group cohesion, and group synergy, do not specifically relate to measuring changes in groups over time.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages identified by Tuckman in his theory of group development?

Accepted Answer

The correct stages identified by Tuckman in his theory of group development are forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. "Reforming" is not one of the stages.

Question 19

Conflict is to the ____ stage as increased cohesion is to the ____ stage.

Accepted Answer

Conflict is typically associated with the storming stage of group development, where individuals may have differing opinions and there is tension in the group. Increased cohesion, on the other hand, is typically associated with the norming stage, where group members begin to work together more smoothly and establish norms for behavior.

Question 20

Bales' equilibrium model (which argues that,over time,the group oscillates between task and interpersonal concerns)is an example of a ___ model.

Accepted Answer

Bales' equilibrium model proposes that groups shift their focus between task and interpersonal concerns in a cyclical pattern over time. This makes choice C (cyclical) the best answer.

Quiz 5: Cohesion and Development