Question 1

Which of the following is an example of an institution?
A)The chief executive officer of a multinational corporation
B)The United States invaded Iraq to end its weapons of mass destruction program
C)A state senator
D)The United Nations

Accepted Answer

The United Nations is an international institution that promotes cooperation and diplomacy among nations. The other choices are individuals or actions taken by individuals or nations and do not represent an institution.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of cooperation?
A)A state banning the language of a minority group within its territory
B)Two states agreeing to similar sets of traffic laws in order to make border crossings more fluid
C)One state capitulating to another state to end a border war
D)Two states raising taxes on imports so they will become less reliant on each other

Accepted Answer

Two states agreeing to similar sets of traffic laws in order to make border crossings more fluid displays cooperation between them.

Question 3

Which of the following examples employs realist logic?
A)The United States invaded Iraq to remove the threat of weapons of mass destruction,which were a security risk.
B)The United States invaded Iraq because it was afraid that the United Nations would stop the war from happening.
C)The United States invaded Iraq because multinational corporations wanted access to Iraq's oil.
D)The United States invaded Iraq because Saddam Hussein did not find the threats of the United States to be credible.

Accepted Answer

Realist logic focuses on state interests, particularly security concerns. Choice A suggests that the United States invaded Iraq to remove the threat of weapons of mass destruction, which was considered a security risk.

Question 4

Why might the last century be considered the most prosperous time in world history?
A)The richest one percent of the world's population owns only half of the global wealth.
B)Only 10 percent of the world's population lives on less than $2 a day.
C)There have been dramatic improvements in living standards globally.
D)The United Nations has maintained world peace and stability since it was created in 1945.

Accepted Answer

C) The last century has seen significant advancements in technology, health, education, and economic development, leading to dramatic improvements in living standards for many people around the world.

Question 5

Which of the following examples employs liberal logic?
A)Great Britain and Germany went to war with each other because Germany was rapidly gaining power.
B)Great Britain and Germany went to war with each other because they had cultural differences that could not be resolved peacefully.
C)Great Britain and Germany went to war with each other because of a failure to recognize a common interest in peace.
D)Great Britain and Germany went to war with each other because capitalism makes war between states inevitable.

Accepted Answer

This example employs liberal logic because it focuses on the concept of a failure to recognize a common interest in peace as the cause of conflict, rather than attributing it to cultural differences or capitalist tendencies. Liberalism emphasizes the importance of diplomacy, negotiation, and international cooperation in promoting peace and resolving conflicts, which is reflected in this example.

Question 6

Who are the primary actors in liberalism?
A)Individuals
B)States
C)International organizations
D)There is no primary actor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who are the primary actors in liberalism?
A)Individuals
B)States
C)International...

Question 7

What is cooperation?
A)An interaction that makes at least one actor better off without making the others worse off
B)An interaction in which actors must choose outcomes that make all the parties better off
C)Two states threatening conflict with each other over some policy dispute
D)A single state imposing its will upon another state

Accepted Answer

Cooperation is an interaction that makes at least one actor better off without making the others worse off, often involving mutual benefit or shared goals.

Question 8

What is anarchy for realists?
A)The lack of coordination in the international system
B)A lack of moral code
C)A lack of ethics for states
D)The lack of central authority to make and enforce laws upon states

Accepted Answer

Anarchy for realists refers to the lack of central authority to make and enforce laws upon states. Realists argue that in an anarchic international system, there is no higher authority that can enforce rules or norms, and states must rely on their own power capabilities to protect their interests.

Question 9

Greenpeace,an environmental organization operating in more than 40 countries,has filed a human rights complaint against dozens of multinational oil companies in the Philippines.At what level of analysis is this interaction taking place?
A)Transnational level of analysis
B)Individual level of analysis
C)Domestic level of analysis
D)International level of analysis

Accepted Answer

This interaction is at the transnational level of analysis because it involves a non-governmental organization (Greenpeace) that operates across national borders, engaging with multinational corporations in a legal action that spans multiple countries.

Question 10

Which of the following activities is an example of globalization?
A)Alliances between domestic terrorist organizations
B)The ratification of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)between the United States,Canada,and Mexico in 1994
C)Military alliances between European states during World War II
D)The rise of nationalist and populist movements around the world

Accepted Answer

The ratification of NAFTA between the United States, Canada, and Mexico in 1994 is an example of globalization because it opened up trade between these countries, leading to increased economic interdependence and the free flow of goods and services across borders. It also paved the way for future trade agreements and globalization on a larger scale. The other choices do not involve globalization, as they either focus on domestic or regional issues.

Question 11

How should theories be evaluated?
A)By how accurately they predict the events that take place in the world
B)By how much they influence the behavior of policy makers
C)How much they inform societal norms and practices
D)By how many hypotheses they generate

Accepted Answer

Theories should be evaluated based on their ability to accurately predict and explain events that take place in the world. This is the foundation of scientific inquiry and helps to ensure that theories are valid and reliable. The ability to generate hypotheses and inform societal norms and practices are also important factors, but they should not be the sole basis for evaluating the worth of a theory. Similarly, while influencing policy makers is an important goal for many theories, it is not the best measure of their validity or usefulness.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of an interaction?
A)A country lowers the taxes it has on imports.
B)A country decides to dump pollutants into the ocean.
C)A country decides to lower taxes on imports due to a threat from another country.
D)A country decides to abolish its military.

Accepted Answer

An interaction involves two or more entities influencing each other. In this case, the decision to lower taxes on imports is influenced by a threat from another country, indicating an interaction between the two countries. The other options do not involve a clear interaction between entities.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a probabilistic claim?
A)Democracies are less likely to repress their citizens than autocracies.
B)The Arab-Israeli conflict is probably one of the most pernicious rivalries in history.
C)Terrorist attacks target civilians.
D)The number of interstate wars has decreased since the end of World War II.

Accepted Answer

A probabilistic claim suggests that something is likely or unlikely rather than stating it as an absolute fact. Choice A ("Democracies are less likely to repress their citizens than autocracies.") is an example of a probabilistic claim because it uses the term "less likely," indicating a probability rather than a certainty.

Question 14

What is a theory?
A)A guess about the current state of the world
B)An educated guess about how two events relate to each other
C)A logically consistent set of statements that explain a phenomenon of interest
D)A set of assumptions that generate untestable propositions about the world

Accepted Answer

A theory is a logically consistent set of statements that explain a phenomenon of interest. It is based on empirical evidence and is subject to testing and revision. A theory is not merely a guess or a set of assumptions, but a framework that allows for the generation of testable hypotheses and predictions.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of bargaining?
A)A state is deciding whether to invade another state.
B)Two states are deciding how to divide up territory.
C)Two states are deciding how to cooperate on research.
D)A state unilaterally reduces its production of carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

Bargaining involves two or more parties engaging in negotiations to come to a mutually acceptable agreement. In this case, two states deciding how to divide up territory is an example of bargaining as they are negotiating and compromising to come to a mutually acceptable agreement. Options A, C and D do not involve bargaining as they do not involve negotiations or compromise.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an interest?
A)A politician is elected president.
B)A politician collects campaign donations to be elected president.
C)A politician is put on the ballot in all the districts in which he or she is running.
D)A politician wants to be president.

Accepted Answer

An interest is a personal desire or motivation towards something. In this case, the politician's desire to become president is an example of an interest. The other options describe actions taken towards that interest, but they do not represent interests themselves.

Question 17

Bargaining is an interaction in which:
A)actors must choose outcomes that make one better off at the expense of another.
B)actors must choose outcomes that make all the parties better off.
C)actors are forced into situations that hurt everyone as equally as possible.
D)actors are forced into outcomes that help everyone.

Accepted Answer

Bargaining involves actors making choices that often result in one party being better off at the expense of another, reflecting the competitive nature of the process.

Question 18

Who are the primary actors in realism?
A)Individuals
B)Bureaucracies
C)States
D)International organizations

Accepted Answer

Realism emphasizes the role of states as the primary actors in the international political system. Realists believe that the pursuit of power and self-interest is the driving force behind the behavior of states in the international system. Individual leaders, bureaucracies, and international organizations are seen as secondary to the actions of states.

Question 19

What is the primary goal of actors in realism?
A)Wealth
B)Security
C)Conflict
D)Ideology

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of actors in realism is to maximize their security. Realism is a school of thought in international relations that emphasizes the role of power and self-interest in shaping states' behavior. Actors in a realist system prioritize security over other goals such as wealth, conflict or ideology.

Question 20

When constructing a theory of a complex phenomenon,it is necessary to:
A)include all the relevant factors.
B)make assumptions to simplify the processes being examined.
C)generate a complex mathematical model.
D)ensure that its predictions are always accurate.

Accepted Answer

Making assumptions to simplify processes is essential in theory construction to make the complex phenomenon more understandable and manageable.

Quiz 15: Introduction

Which of the following is an example of an institution?

Which of the following is an example of cooperation?

Which of the following examples employs realist logic?

Why might the last century be considered the most prosperous time in world history?

Which of the following examples employs liberal logic?

Who are the primary actors in liberalism?

What is cooperation?

What is anarchy for realists?

Greenpeace,an environmental organization operating in more than 40 countries,has filed a human rights complaint against dozens of multinational oil companies in the Philippines.At what level of analysis is this interaction taking place?

Which of the following activities is an example of globalization?

How should theories be evaluated?

Which of the following is an example of an interaction?

Which of the following is an example of a probabilistic claim?

What is a theory?

Which of the following is an example of bargaining?

Which of the following is an example of an interest?

Bargaining is an interaction in which:

Who are the primary actors in realism?

What is the primary goal of actors in realism?

When constructing a theory of a complex phenomenon,it is necessary to: