Question 1

What does Frederick Herzberg call factors that satisfy lower-level needs?

Accepted Answer

Frederick Herzberg refers to factors that satisfy lower-level needs as "hygienes" or "maintenance factors". These are basic necessities for an employee's job satisfaction and include things like salary, job security, working conditions, and company policies. While important, these factors do not necessarily lead to motivation or job satisfaction by themselves.

Question 2

Which psychologist warned that extrinsic rewards could at times actually detract from the person's intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Edward Deci warned about the potential negative effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation in his self-determination theory. He argued that if rewards were seen as controlling and undermining a person's sense of autonomy, they could decrease intrinsic motivation.

Question 3

An important prerequisite for effective variable pay plans is referred to as "line of sight." What does this refer to with respect to the employee?

Accepted Answer

"Line of sight" refers to the ability of an employee to see how their daily work relates to the achievement of overall corporate goals. In order for variable pay plans to be effective, employees must understand how their individual efforts contribute to the success of the organization as a whole. This helps to ensure that employees are motivated to work towards achieving these goals in order to earn their variable pay. Choices A, B, D, and E do not accurately explain the concept of "line of sight" in relation to variable pay plans.

Question 4

Employers continue to increase their use of variable pay plans while holding salary increases or fixed compensation at modest levels.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true, as many employers have been implementing variable pay plans, such as bonuses and incentives, in order to motivate and retain employees, while keeping base salaries or fixed compensation relatively stable.

Question 5

According to Frederick Herzberg what kind of factor is working conditions?

Accepted Answer

Working conditions are considered a hygiene factor according to Frederick Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory. Hygiene factors are essential for preventing dissatisfaction among employees but not necessarily for motivating them. Improving working conditions may prevent employees from being dissatisfied, but it may not motivate them to perform better. Motivators, on the other hand, such as recognition, autonomy, and growth opportunities, are essential for motivating employees to perform at their best.

Question 6

What is Victor Vroom's term for the perceived value that a person attaches to the reward?

Accepted Answer

Valence refers to the degree of value or preference that an individual assigns to a particular outcome or reward. It represents the extent to which an individual believes that a particular outcome or reward is desirable or will satisfy their needs. Victor Vroom's expectancy theory suggests that an individual's level of motivation depends on three factors: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

Question 7

Amy is part of a team of four software developers.Upon completion of a major client project,she and each of her team members received a set amount in addition to their base salary.What is this most likely an example of?

Accepted Answer

This scenario is most likely an example of a Group incentive program because the bonus was given to all team members upon the completion of a project, indicating the reward was based on the collective performance of the group rather than individual achievements or company-wide profits.

Question 8

According to the textbook,what is the fundamental premise of variable pay plans?

Accepted Answer

The fundamental premise of variable pay plans is that top performers should receive top pay to ensure their commitment to the organization. This creates an incentive for employees to work harder and perform better, which ultimately benefits both the employee and the organization. Other choices such as A, C, D, and E are not accurate descriptions of the fundamental premise of variable pay plans.

Question 9

Victor Vroom says an employee must value the reward from higher performance in order to be motivated.If valence is zero,then there will be no motivation.

Accepted Answer

According to Victor Vroom's expectancy theory, valence refers to the value an individual places on a particular outcome or reward. If the valence is zero, it means that the individual does not see any value in the reward from higher performance, and therefore, there will be no motivation for that individual to work towards achieving higher performance.

Question 10

What is Victor Vroom's term for when a worker believes that his or her effort will lead to performance?

Accepted Answer

Victor Vroom's term for when a worker believes that his or her effort will lead to performance is called expectancy. Expectancy refers to the employee's perception of the relationship between their effort and their performance. It is one of the three components of Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation, which also includes instrumentality and valence.

Question 11

What is the term used to describe compensation that is independent of the performance level of the individual,group,or organization?

Accepted Answer

Fixed pay is the term used to describe compensation that is independent of the performance level of the individual, group, or organization. This includes salary and wages that are not tied to performance metrics such as productivity or sales.

Question 12

Accurate ________ are required for effective pay-for-performance plans.

Accepted Answer

Performance appraisals are necessary to accurately measure individual performance and determine appropriate rewards in a pay-for-performance plan. Wage and salary curves provide an overview of pay rates within the organization, but do not necessarily account for individual performance. Training and development programs can improve overall performance, but do not necessarily ensure fair and accurate rewards for individual performance.

Question 13

According to Frederick Herzberg what kind of factor is salary?

Accepted Answer

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, salary is a hygiene factor, which means that it can prevent dissatisfaction but not necessarily motivate employees.

Question 14

Any plan that ties pay to productivity or profitability is called

Accepted Answer

Variable pay is any form of compensation tied to an employee's productivity, performance, or results achieved. This includes pay-for-performance, bonuses, and profit sharing.

Question 15

Frederick Herzberg encourages the use of cash bonuses and pay increases as the best way to motivate workers to higher levels of performance.

Accepted Answer

Frederick Herzberg believed that money was not a motivator but rather a hygiene factor that could prevent dissatisfaction. He argued that true motivation comes from job satisfaction, which is achieved through factors such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement.

Question 16

What is Victor Vroom's term for the perceived relationship between successful performance and actually obtaining the reward?

Accepted Answer

Instrumentality is the term used by Victor Vroom to describe the perceived relationship between successful performance and actually obtaining the reward. It is a key component of Vroom's expectancy theory, which suggests that individuals are motivated to perform if they believe that their efforts will lead to good performance and that good performance will lead to desired rewards.

Question 17

George works for a small start-up that develops educational apps.His company offers a bonus of up to 20% of his salary which is contingent on his performance as well as the company's performance.This type of compensation plan is also known as

Accepted Answer

The compensation plan described in the question is incentive pay, which is a form of pay that is designed to provide motivation and incentivize performance. The bonus of up to 20% of salary is contingent on both the employee's individual performance and the performance of the company as a whole. This type of plan is intended to reward good performance and provide an additional incentive for employees to work hard and contribute to the success of the organization.

Question 18

________ represents compensation that provides for income stability whereas ________ is tied to the company and/or individual's performance.

Accepted Answer

Fixed pay represents compensation that provides for income stability and is usually based on the employee's position, experience, and skills. Variable pay, on the other hand, is tied to the company and/or individual's performance, such as bonuses or profit-sharing plans. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 19

Describe how Frederick Herzberg defined motivation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how Frederick Herzberg defined motivation....

Question 20

What motivation is derived from the pleasure that someone gets from doing the job or task?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation is the motivation that comes from within a person, such as the pleasure or satisfaction that they derive from completing a task. This type of motivation is not driven by external rewards or consequences, but rather by the internal enjoyment of the task itself.

Quiz 12: Pay-For-Performance and Financial Incentives