Question 1

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)stepped care model for the management of depression includes the following possible treatments except:

Accepted Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is not included in the NICE stepped care model for the management of depression. The model focuses on a range of treatments including medication, psychotherapies, and in certain severe cases, electroconvulsive therapy, but does not specifically include transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Question 2

The cognitive-behavioural approach to treating posttraumatic stress disorder includes __________,which is not included in CBT treatment for depression.

Accepted Answer

Prolonged exposure, which involves gradually guiding the patient to safely confront and process traumatic memories, is a specific technique used in CBT for PTSD that is not typically used in CBT for depression. Behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, and activity scheduling are common techniques used in both CBT for depression and PTSD.

Question 3

In the final stage of CBT the psychologist focuses on:

Accepted Answer

In the final stage of CBT, the emphasis is on relapse prevention. This involves identifying potential triggers, developing coping strategies, and maintaining progress made during therapy. While challenging long-standing beliefs and negative thoughts are important parts of CBT, they do not exclusively occur in the final stage. Adopting a positive activity schedule may be a component of treatment, but is not the sole focus of the final stage.

Question 4

Efficacious treatments are treatments that have been demonstrated within

Accepted Answer

Efficacious treatments are those that have been proven effective in controlled research studies, which are designed to eliminate biases and confounding variables.

Question 5

Effective treatments are treatments that have been demonstrated within

Accepted Answer

The answer of Effective treatments are treatments that have been...

Question 6

Thought monitoring requires recording the types of thoughts that typically occur around

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thought monitoring requires recording the types of...

Question 7

In cognitive-behavioural treatment of depression,behavioural activation tasks could include

Accepted Answer

Behavioural activation tasks aim to increase the person's involvement in pleasurable, meaningful and rewarding activities that were previously avoided or considered not worthwhile, thereby reducing depression. Making a special meal can be considered a pleasurable activity that can provide a sense of achievement and mastery, contributing to mood improvement. Relaxing on the couch, reflecting on life goals or disputing dysfunctional beliefs are cognitive activities that focus on changing negative thinking patterns, but they do not involve actively engaging in new activities that can provide immediate positive feedback, which is a central feature of behavioural activation tasks.

Question 8

The Canadian Psychological Association task force on evidence-based psychological services recommended that psychologists give the strongest weight to:

Accepted Answer

Syntheses of studies that balance internal and external validity are recommended because they provide a comprehensive overview of research findings, combining the strengths of individual studies while addressing their limitations, thus offering the most reliable evidence for clinical practice.

Question 9

Which component of CBT for posttraumatic stress disorder involves having the client recount his/her traumatic experiences for an extended period in order to encourage the client to fully emotionally process the trauma?

Accepted Answer

Imaginal exposure involves having the client recount their traumatic experiences while in a relaxed state in order to promote emotional processing of the trauma. In vivo exposure involves gradually facing feared situations in real life, field exposure involves confronting fear in a natural setting, and behavioral activation is a technique used to increase engagement in positive activities to reduce depressive symptoms.

Question 10

Emotionally focused couples therapy is designed to

Accepted Answer

Emotionally focused couples therapy is designed to address all three of these aspects: modifying partners' emotional responses, modifying partners' interactional patterns, and fostering or establishing a secure emotional bond in the couple. The therapy focuses on helping partners better understand and express their emotions to each other, which can lead to a stronger and more positive relationship.

Question 11

Emotionally focused therapy is an intervention method used primarily for

Accepted Answer

Emotionally focused therapy is primarily used for couples experiencing relationship problems. While it can potentially be applied to other types of relationships, such as parent-child relationships, it is typically focused on romantic partnerships. It is not an intervention method used for behavioural problems in youth.

Question 12

Initial sessions of CBT tend to focus primarily on

Accepted Answer

Initial sessions of CBT tend to focus primarily on behavioural activation tasks. This involves identifying activities that bring pleasure and adding them to the client's daily routine in order to increase positive emotions and decrease negative emotions. Cognitive restructuring tasks, completing thought records, and challenging schemas are typically introduced later in the therapy process.

Question 13

There are evidence-based psychological treatment for

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based psychological treatments exist for many mental disorders, but not all. However, the majority of the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression, have evidence-based treatments available. It is important to note that not all people with a mental disorder may benefit from or require psychological treatment, and treatment should be tailored to the individual's specific needs and circumstances.

Question 14

The component of CBT for PTSD in which a psychologist develops a hierarchy of feared stimuli with the patient and encourages the patient to intentionally expose himself or herself to increasingly fearful stimuli is known as

Accepted Answer

The component of CBT for PTSD in which a psychologist develops a hierarchy of feared stimuli with the patient and encourages the patient to intentionally expose himself or herself to increasingly fearful stimuli is known as in vivo exposure.

Question 15

Effectiveness trials indicate that efficacious treatments

Accepted Answer

Effectiveness trials aim to test whether efficacious treatments can be effectively and sustainably implemented in routine clinical practice. In general, the results of effectiveness trials suggest that efficacious treatments can be transported to routine clinical practice with little loss of treatment impact, provided that appropriate implementation strategies are employed.

Question 16

CBT for depression generally starts with

Accepted Answer

Self-monitoring of the link between activities and mood is usually the first step in CBT for depression. This involves keeping a record of daily activities, thoughts, and emotions to identify patterns and triggers for depressive symptoms.

Question 17

Behavioural activation generally begins with

Accepted Answer

Behavioural activation typically involves identifying and scheduling activities that bring pleasure or a sense of accomplishment to an individual's daily routine. This is often one of the first steps in treatment, as it helps to increase overall mood and motivation. Therefore, scheduling pleasurable activities is the best choice. While setting treatment goals, time management training, and challenging automatic thoughts may also be important components of treatment, they are not typically the initial focus of behavioural activation.

Question 18

One of the key issues addressed through the early steps of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy is

Accepted Answer

The early steps of Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy address attachment difficulties, which is a central concept in this therapeutic approach. It focuses on helping partners identify and explore the underlying emotions that drive their behaviour and builds direct pathways for partners to deepen their emotional connection and build secure attachment bonds. The therapy aims to help couples create and maintain a secure attachment bond that fosters intimacy and connection within the relationship.

Question 19

Emotionally focused couples therapy is a

Accepted Answer

Emotionally focused couples therapy is a process-experiential treatment that focuses on the emotions of both partners and how they relate to each other in the relationship. This approach emphasizes the importance of creating a secure emotional bond between partners as the foundation for a healthy relationship. It is not a cognitive-behavioural, interpersonal or psychodynamic treatment.

Question 20

Which of the following are the three main treatment components of CBT for posttraumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

The three main treatment components of CBT for PTSD are relaxation skills, imaginal exposure, and in vivo exposure. Relaxation skills are used to help the individual manage physical and emotional distress. Imaginal exposure involves revisiting the traumatic event in imagination, while in vivo exposure involves gradually confronting feared situations in real life. Hypnosis and behavioural activation are not typically included as main components of CBT for PTSD.

Quiz 12: Intervention: Adults and Couples

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) stepped care model for the management of depression includes the following possible treatments except: