Question 1

What is the easiest drug injection route to use?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous injection is the easiest drug injection route to use, as it involves injecting the drug directly into the fatty layer underneath the skin, thus avoiding veins and arteries. It is also less painful and requires less training to administer than other routes such as intramuscular or intravenous injections. However, not all drugs can be administered through this route, and the absorption may be slower than other routes.

Question 2

What is the absorption rate of the subcutaneous injection route?

Accepted Answer

The absorption rate of the subcutaneous injection route is generally slow and constant, providing a steady release of medication into the bloodstream.

Question 3

What is NOT an advantage of injecting drugs intravenously?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous injection does not allow for controlled absorption rates through different solutions; it provides rapid and complete absorption, making it difficult to control the rate once administered.

Question 4

What is a common street term for injecting a drug intravenously?

Accepted Answer

"Mainlining" is a common street term for injecting a drug intravenously. "Freebasing" refers to a specific method of smoking certain drugs, "going cold turkey" refers to sudden and abrupt cessation of drug use, and "tripping" generally refers to the experience of being under the influence of hallucinogenic drugs.

Question 5

Approximately how many people are infected with Hepatitis C in Canada,according to the 2006 Public Health Agency of Canada report?

Accepted Answer

According to the 2006 Public Health Agency of Canada report, approximately 250,000 people are infected with Hepatitis C in Canada.

Question 6

What happens to a drug when it changes from solid to liquid after being mixed with a liquid?

Accepted Answer

When a drug changes from a solid to a liquid after being mixed with a liquid, it means that it is dissolving in the liquid. In other words, the drug particles are dispersing evenly throughout the liquid and becoming homogeneously mixed with it. Therefore, choice A (It is dissolved) is the best answer.

Question 7

Which drug is most associated with intranasal administration?

Accepted Answer

Cocaine is the drug most commonly associated with intranasal administration, also known as snorting or sniffing. It is often used in this way because the effects are felt quickly and intensely, but the high is relatively short-lived. Amphetamine and benzodiazepines can also be used intranasally, but they are not typically associated with this route of administration. LSD is not typically used intranasally at all.

Question 8

Experience has demonstrated that when a large volume of a particular drug solution is taken,body tissue becomes irritated.What drug taking method is therefore not advised?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous administration involves injecting the drug into the tissue beneath the skin, which can lead to irritation if a large volume is used.

Question 9

After surgery,Tom and his doctor discuss how best to administer the drugs he will need.Tom makes a suggestion,but his doctor replies that "only a small amount of drug can be absorbed in any one administration." Which method did Tom suggest?

Accepted Answer

The answer of After surgery,Tom and his doctor discuss how...

Question 10

Jack just took his daily vitamin.What bodily process is activated as his body breaks the vitamin into more simple components and waste?

Accepted Answer

The bodily process that is activated when Jack's body breaks down the vitamin into simpler components and waste is metabolism. Metabolism involves the breaking down of nutrients and other substances in the body to produce energy and other necessary components for bodily functions.

Question 11

Approximately how many people are infected with HIV in Canada,according to the 2006 Public Health Agency of Canada report?

Accepted Answer

According to the 2006 Public Health Agency of Canada report, approximately 65 000 people were infected with HIV in Canada.

Question 12

When drugs are swallowed,they pass through the stomach,but then where are they absorbed?

Accepted Answer

The majority of drug absorption occurs in the small intestine. The small intestine has a large surface area due to numerous folds and tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area even further for efficient absorption of nutrients and medication. The kidneys, liver, and large intestine play roles in drug processing and elimination, but absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine.

Question 13

Which factor does the effect of a drug depend most fundamentally upon?

Accepted Answer

The effect of a drug depends most fundamentally on how much drug is taken. The dosage of a drug is a critical factor in determining its effects on the body. Too little may result in no effect, while too much can lead to negative reactions and potentially dangerous overdose. Body size, psychological set, and the amount of food in the stomach can also affect how drugs are absorbed and metabolized, but these factors are secondary to the amount of drug taken.

Question 14

What defines the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action?

Accepted Answer

Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action, including how drugs interact with receptors and enzymes in the body. Pharmacokinetics, on the other hand, focuses on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs in the body. Psychopharmacology is a subfield of pharmacology that specifically examines the effects of drugs on mental processes and behavior. Biochemistry, while related to pharmacodynamics, is a broader field that encompasses the study of the chemical processes and substances in living organisms.

Question 15

Amanda has just finished drinking a bottle of red wine with her friends.What organ will the wine pass through before reaching her brain?

Accepted Answer

The wine will pass through the liver before reaching the brain. The liver is responsible for processing and metabolizing alcohol, breaking it down into substances that can be eliminated from the body.

Question 16

If you were reseaching a strategy to fight HIV and Hep-C risk,what would you discover to be Canada's most common approach?

Accepted Answer

Needle exchange programs are the most common approach in Canada for fighting HIV and Hep-C risk. These programs provide sterile needles and syringes to individuals who inject drugs, reducing the risk of transmission of blood-borne diseases. Canada has a long-standing history of supporting harm reduction strategies, including needle exchange programs, as a way to address drug use and its associated risks.

Question 17

What branch of pharmacology is concerned with the absorption,distribution,biotransformation,and excretion of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Pharmacokinetics is the branch of pharmacology that deals with the absorption, distribution, biotransformation, and excretion of drugs within the body. It focuses on how drugs move through the body, including how quickly they are absorbed, how they are distributed to different organs and tissues, how they are metabolized or broken down, and how they are eliminated from the body through urine, feces, or breath.

Question 18

Which muscle is a common site for intramuscular drug injection?

Accepted Answer

The deltoid muscle, located in the upper arm, is one of the most commonly used muscles for intramuscular injection due to its thick size and easy accessibility.

Question 19

Which method of drug injection is preferred medically for drugs that are NOT irritating to body tissue?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous injections are preferred for drugs that are not irritating to body tissue because this method involves injecting the drug into the fatty layer beneath the skin, allowing for slow, consistent absorption without the risk of damaging sensitive tissues.

Question 20

Which medical intervention is used in an emergency situation to ensure a drug is efficiently and accurately administered?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous administration is the most efficient and accurate way to administer a drug in an emergency situation as it goes directly into the bloodstream and provides immediate effects. Intramuscular injections are not always reliable as they depend on the absorption rate of the oil solution, while subcutaneous injections may not provide fast enough results in an emergency. Transdermal injections are not a common method of drug administration as they are usually reserved for specific situations and may not work as quickly as intravenous administration.

Quiz 4: Pharmacology