Question 1

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences recurrent,sudden onsets of intense terror,often without warning and with no specific cause.

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder is characterized by sudden and intense panic attacks that are recurrent and typically have no specific trigger or cause. Symptoms can include rapid heartbeat, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, and feelings of imminent danger or doom. It is a type of anxiety disorder and is treatable with therapy and medication. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that involves cycles of depression and mania, kleptomania is a disorder characterized by the urge to steal, and paranoid personality disorder involves a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others.

Question 2

Alex has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder.Which of the following,if true,might have played a role in the development of his disorder?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory system abnormalities can contribute to the development of anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, due to the physiological stress they impose and the potential impact on the body's stress response systems.

Question 3

Dr.Davenport,a psychiatrist,is in the process of diagnosing Kelly's psychological disorder.He asks Kelly a series of questions regarding her symptoms.Kelly reveals that she often experiences overwhelming fear all of a sudden,which is accompanied by pains in the chest and a feeling of helplessness.During these instances,she finds it difficult to breathe,has severe palpitations,and feels like she's going to die of cardiac arrest.In the context of psychological disorders,Dr.Davenport is most likely to diagnose Kelly with

Accepted Answer

Kelly's symptoms indicate that she is likely experiencing panic attacks. Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks accompanied by intense physical symptoms, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and palpitations. The other options (schizophrenia, social anxiety disorder, and paranoid personality disorder) do not typically involve these specific symptoms.

Question 4

Nina has an irrational fear of flying.She avoids flying at any cost.She cancels any traveling plans if she cannot take a train to the destination or reach the destination by road.In this case,Nina is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Aerophobia is the fear or phobia of flying, which is the irrational fear of flying or the fear of being on an airplane. Acrophobia (A) is the fear of heights, amaxophobia (C) is the fear of riding in a vehicle, and algophobia (D) is the fear of pain.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of specific phobia?

Accepted Answer

Many theories suggest that specific phobias develop as a result of learned associations between a certain object or situation and fear. Therefore, option D is correct. Option A is incorrect because not all disorders involving repetitive behavior are related to specific phobia. Option B is incorrect because specific phobia is a separate disorder from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Option C is incorrect because while traumatic events can lead to specific phobia, it is not the only way it can develop.

Question 6

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which an individual has an irrational,overwhelming,persistent fear of pain

Accepted Answer

Algophobia is the anxiety disorder in which an individual has an irrational, overwhelming, persistent fear of pain. Mysophobia is the fear of germs and contamination, cynophobia is the fear of dogs, and melissophobia is the fear of bees.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is most likely true of individuals suffering from panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with panic disorder often display overgeneralization of fear learning, where they may begin to associate a wide range of situations with the fear of having a panic attack, even if those situations are not directly related to previous panic experiences.

Question 8

John often experiences unanticipated attacks of intense fear.During these episodes,he feels like he is going to faint and has trouble catching his breath.John cannot identify the source of his feelings and worries that he might die of heart failure.In the context of psychological disorders,John is exhibiting the symptoms of

Accepted Answer

John is experiencing unanticipated attacks of intense fear, feels like he is going to faint, and has trouble catching his breath. He also cannot identify the source of these feelings, which is indicative of panic disorder. Disruptive mood regulation disorder and paranoid personality disorder do not match John's symptoms, and while social anxiety disorder may cause fear and distress, it does not typically cause physical symptoms such as difficulty breathing.

Question 9

Bency has an abnormal fear of marriage and commitment.She has never been in a committed relationship and is terrified of getting married.In this case,she is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Gamophobia is the fear of marriage or commitment. The other options listed (aerophobia, hydrophobia, xenophobia) refer to fears of flying, water, and strangers, respectively, and are not relevant to the given scenario.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is most likely true of individuals with social phobia?

Accepted Answer

Social phobia involves intense fear or anxiety in social situations, which can lead individuals to avoid such situations altogether. This can result in feelings of isolation and difficulties opening up to others, which is consistent with option B. Options A, C, and D are more characteristic of other disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).

Question 11

Lola often experiences abrupt,brief episodes of overwhelming fear.She does not know what triggers them,but she has these attacks in the grocery store,in busy restaurants,and even while driving.During these attacks,Lola's heart pounds and she has difficulty breathing.She fears that she may go crazy or have a heart attack.In the context of psychological disorders,it can be inferred that Lola may have

Accepted Answer

Lola's experience of abrupt, brief episodes of overwhelming fear that are not triggered by any particular stimuli, along with the physical symptoms of heart palpitation and difficulty breathing, are consistent with symptoms of panic disorder. Other options, such as catatonia (which involves motor symptoms) and somatoform disorder (which involves physical symptoms without any underlying medical conditions) do not fit Lola's presentation. Aerophobia, while it relates to fear of flying, does not explain Lola's symptoms in other situations such as the grocery store or busy restaurants. Therefore, the best answer is D) Panic disorder.

Question 12

Who among the following is most likely to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about a variety of different things, without any specific trigger or cause. Zeenath's symptoms of persistent nervousness for no specific reason for over a year are indicative of generalized anxiety disorder. Katy's symptoms suggest she may have panic disorder, Kim's symptoms suggest she may have a specific phobia, and Jack's symptoms suggest he may have test anxiety.

Question 13

Brad has been in a state of incessant worry for almost half a year now.He has trouble sleeping and breathing. Dr.Simons,a psychiatrist,asks Brad detailed questions about his symptoms and medical history.Brad tells Dr.
Simons that he cannot stop worrying and is constantly nervous.Brad also complains of muscular tension and stomach problems.After conducting a quick examination of Brad's symptoms,Dr.Simons discovers that Brad's incessant worry does not have a particular cause,but it has taken a physical toll on Brad's health.Which of the following disorders is Dr.Simons most likely to diagnose Brad with?

Accepted Answer

Brad's symptoms of constant worry, nervousness, muscular tension, and stomach problems are consistent with those of generalized anxiety disorder. Additionally, Dr. Simons' finding that Brad's physical health has been impacted by his excessive worry supports this diagnosis. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are all distinctly different from generalized anxiety disorder and are not consistent with Brad's symptoms.

Question 14

Anxiety disorders involve fears that are

Accepted Answer

All three options are characteristic of anxiety disorders. People with anxiety disorders frequently experience fears that they cannot control, and these fears are often out of proportion to any real threat present. These fears can be incredibly disruptive to normal life and can interfere with daily activities like work or socializing.

Question 15

Alison had sustained severe injuries after being brutally attacked by a mad dog as a child.After that incident,Alison has been experiencing an overwhelming sense of fear and paralysis every time she sees a dog.The fear is so intense that it keeps Alison from leaving her house.Alison believes that as long as she's inside her house,the chances of encountering a dog are slim.In the context of psychological disorders,Alison is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Alison's fear and avoidance of dogs is specific and intense, which is indicative of a specific phobia. The traumatic incident of being attacked by a dog in childhood is likely the cause of her fear, and it has become so severe that it is negatively impacting her daily life. While social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder may also involve fear and avoidance behaviors, they are not as closely tied to a specific trigger like Alison's fear of dogs.

Question 16

Eric has an extreme fear of being humiliated in public.As a result,he avoids public gatherings and functions. The thought of speaking in front of a crowd induces panic in him.Which of the following best describes Eric's disorder?

Accepted Answer

Eric's extreme fear of being humiliated in public and avoidance of public gatherings and functions indicate a specific type of phobia known as social phobia or social anxiety disorder.

Question 17

A fear becomes a phobia when

Accepted Answer

A fear becomes a phobia when an individual goes to any length to avoid the situation that he or she fears. A phobia is an intense, persistent fear of a specific object, situation or activity. It interferes with daily life and can cause significant distress. The fear is usually irrational and the person often recognizes this, but feels powerless to overcome it.

Question 18

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which an individual has an irrational,overwhelming,persistent fear of death.

Accepted Answer

Thanatophobia is specifically related to the fear of death, while acrophobia is the fear of heights, algophobia is the fear of pain, and cynophobia is the fear of dogs.

Question 19

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which an individual has an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in public.

Accepted Answer

Social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder, is characterized by a persistent and intense fear of social situations in which the individual may be scrutinized or evaluated by others. This fear often leads to avoidance of social situations and can significantly impact the individual's quality of life.

Question 20

_____,a brain chemical that plays a role in brain metabolism,is elevated in individuals with panic disorder.

Accepted Answer

Lactate, a byproduct of glucose metabolism, is found in higher levels in individuals with panic disorder. This is thought to contribute to symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, and trembling. Prolactin, serotonin, and GABA are also neurotransmitters that have been implicated in panic disorder, but they do not play a specific role in brain metabolism.

Quiz 15: Psychological Disorders